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Burnum
Burnum (; or Burnum Municipium), an archaeological site, was a Roman Legion camp and town. It is located 2.5 km north of Kistanje, in inland Dalmatia, Croatia. The remains include a praetorium, the foundations of several rooms, the amphitheatre and the aqueduct. Burnum is also popularly called Hollow Church ''(Šuplja Crkva)'' and is one of many ruins in the Balkans identified in folklore as Traianus' Town ''(Trojanov Grad)''. Only two of the original five arches have been preserved (at the end of the 18th century Alberto Fortis mentioned three of them). History The Roman writer Plinius wrote about Burnum as ''"fortress distinguished in wars." - "In hoc tractu sunt Burnum, Andetrium, Tribulium nobilitata proeliis castella."'' The Pagana chart from the 16th century presented marked traits of Burnum as the ancient locality, but it did not reach archeological interest until the 19th century, when it occupied the attention of renowned Croatian archaeologists, father Lujo Marun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Legio XI Claudia
Legio XI Claudia ("Claudius' Eleventh Legion") was a legion of the Imperial Roman army. The legion was levied by Julius Caesar for his campaign against the Nervii. XI ''Claudia'' dates back to the two legions (the other was the XIIth) recruited by Julius Caesar to invade Gallia in 58 BC, and it existed at least until the early 5th century, guarding lower Danube in Durostorum (modern Silistra, Bulgaria). History Founding and Service in the Late Republic Legio XI Claudia, along with Legio XII Fulminata, was a Roman Legion levied by Julius Caesar in 58 BC in Cisalpine Gaul, for his war against the Nervii. They likely were present at the Siege of Alesia. After his campaigns in Gaul, civil war broke out between Julius Caesar and Pompey, both of whom were triumvirs, and in January, 49 BC, Caesar invaded Italy with Legio XI serving in his army. They fought in 48 BC at Dyrrhachium and Pharsalus, but were disbanded in 45 BC and settled in Central Italy around the area of Bovianum Undec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Legio XI
Legio XI Claudia ("Claudius' Eleventh Legion") was a legion of the Imperial Roman army. The legion was levied by Julius Caesar for his campaign against the Nervii. XI ''Claudia'' dates back to the two legions (the other was the XIIth) recruited by Julius Caesar to invade Gallia in 58 BC, and it existed at least until the early 5th century, guarding lower Danube in Durostorum (modern Silistra, Bulgaria). History Founding and Service in the Late Republic Legio XI Claudia, along with Legio XII Fulminata, was a Roman Legion levied by Julius Caesar in 58 BC in Cisalpine Gaul, for his war against the Nervii. They likely were present at the Siege of Alesia. After his campaigns in Gaul, civil war broke out between Julius Caesar and Pompey, both of whom were triumvirs, and in January, 49 BC, Caesar invaded Italy with Legio XI serving in his army. They fought in 48 BC at Dyrrhachium and Pharsalus, but were disbanded in 45 BC and settled in Central Italy around the area of Bovianum Und ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kistanje
Kistanje ( hr, Kistanje, hr, sr-Cyrl, Кистање) is a village and municipality in Šibenik-Knin County, Croatia. Geography Kistanje is located in the microregion of Bukovica, in Zagora. Kistanje is from county seat Šibenik, from Knin and from Skradin. The Adriatic Sea is to the south-west. The climate is Mediterranean, with an average of 27 °C in the summer and 8 °C in the winter. History Kistanje was first mentioned as la, Kyztane in 1408. It originated close to the remains of a Roman camp Burnum and medieval church. During the Middle Ages, it was part of Luka parish and it belonged to Šubić noble family. In 1537, an Orthodox church dedicated to St. Nicholas was built. Kistanje was a trade center of this part of Bukovica. After the Kuridža rebellion in 1704, the village was renamed ''Kvartir''; in the 19th century, it was again known as ''Kistanje''. In 1888, the second Orthodox church, dedicated to Sts Cyril and Methodius was built. In 1894, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Krka (Croatia)
Krka () is a river in Croatia's Dalmatia region, known for its numerous waterfalls. It is long and its basin covers an area of . It was known in ancient Greek language, ancient Greek as ''Kyrikos'', or may be also as ''Catarbates'' (literally "steeply falling") by the Ancient Greece, ancient Greeks, it was known to the Ancient Rome, ancient Romans as ''Titius'', ''Corcoras'', or ''Korkoras''. Course The river has its source near the border of Croatia with Bosnia and Herzegovina, at the foot of the Dinara mountain. After meandering through the Krčić canyon, it enters the Polje, karst valley of Knin through the Krčić waterfall of . At the foot of the second, called the Topoljski waterfall, of these is a spring in a cave with of passage. The river then flows through the valley, where it is fed by the Kosovčica on the left and the Orašnica and the Butižnica on the right, passing the Knin Fortress, Fortress of Knin between the last two on the way, and into the main canyon. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Legio XX Valeria Victrix
Legio XX Valeria Victrix, in English Twentieth Victorious Valeria Legion was a legion of the Imperial Roman army. The origin of the Legion's name is unclear and there are various theories, but the legion may have gained its title ''Valeria Victrix'' from a victory it achieved during the Great Illyrian revolt under the command of the general Marcus Valerius Messalla Messallinus. The legion had a boar as its emblem. History The legion was probably founded shortly after 31 BC by the emperor Augustus. XX ''Valeria victrix'' was probably part of the large Roman force that fought in the Cantabrian Wars in Hispania from 25 to 19 BC. The legion then moved to Burnum in Illyricum at the beginning of the Pannonian uprising (''Bellum Batonianum'') in AD 6. It is recorded operating against the Marcomanni in AD 6 in the army of Tiberius. In Illyria they were led by the governor of Illyricum, Marcus Valerius Messalla Messallinus, who may have given his clan (''gens'') name '' Valeria ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Legio IIII Flavia Felix
Legio IV Flavia Felix ("Lucky Flavian Fourth Legion"), was a legion of the Imperial Roman army founded in AD 70 by the emperor Vespasian (r. 69–79) from the cadre of the disbanded Legio IV ''Macedonica''. The legion was active in Moesia Superior in the first half of the 5th century. The legion symbol was a lion. History During the Batavian rebellion, the IV ''Macedonica'' fought for Vespasian, but the emperor distrusted his men, probably because they had supported Vitellius two years before. Therefore IV ''Macedonica'' was disbanded, and a new Fourth legion, called ''Flavian Felix'' was levied by the emperor, who gave the legio his nomen, '' Flavia''. Since the symbol of the legion is a lion, it was probably levied in July/August 70. IV ''Flavia Felix'' was camped in ''Burnum'', Dalmatia (modern Kistanje), where it replaced XI ''Claudia''. After the Dacian invasion of 86, Domitian moved the legion to Moesia Superior, in ''Singidunum'' (modern Belgrade, Serbia), although ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liburnians
The Liburnians or Liburni ( grc, Λιβυρνοὶ) were an ancient tribe inhabiting the district called Liburnia, a coastal region of the northeastern Adriatic between the rivers ''Arsia'' ( Raša) and ''Titius'' ( Krka) in what is now Croatia. According to Strabo's ''Geographica'' they populated Kerkyra until shortly after the Corinthians settled the island, c. 730 BC. Origins and relation to Illyrians Liburni's archaeological culture can be traced to the Late Bronze Age and "were settled since at least the tenth century BC in northern Dalmatia". Some Greek and Roman historians considered them to be of Asia Minor origin. According some scholars there existed some common characteristics between them and Etruscans, but others refute them and Asia Minor theory isn't generally accepted. Appian considered them as "one of the Illyrian peoples", an "Illyrian tribe", while Florus as the first enemies of Romans during Illyro-Roman Wars. However, although sometimes designated as Illy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ostrogoths
The Ostrogoths ( la, Ostrogothi, Austrogothi) were a Roman-era Germanic peoples, Germanic people. In the 5th century, they followed the Visigoths in creating one of the two great Goths, Gothic kingdoms within the Roman Empire, based upon the large Gothic populations who had settled in the Balkans in the 4th century, having crossed the Lower Danube. While the Visigoths had formed under the leadership of Alaric I, the new Ostrogothic political entity which came to rule Italy was formed in the Balkans under the influence of the Amal dynasty, the family of Theodoric the Great. After the death of Attila and collapse of the Hunnic empire represented by the Battle of Nedao in 453, the Amal family began to form their kingdom in Pannonia. Byzantine Empire, Byzantine Zeno (emperor), Emperor Zeno played these Pannonian Goths off against the Thracian Goths, but instead the two groups united after the death of the Thracian leader Theoderic Strabo and his son Recitach. Zeno then backed Theodori ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karst
Karst is a topography formed from the dissolution of soluble rocks such as limestone, dolomite, and gypsum. It is characterized by underground drainage systems with sinkholes and caves. It has also been documented for more weathering-resistant rocks, such as quartzite, given the right conditions. Subterranean drainage may limit surface water, with few to no rivers or lakes. However, in regions where the dissolved bedrock is covered (perhaps by debris) or confined by one or more superimposed non-soluble rock strata, distinctive karst features may occur only at subsurface levels and can be totally missing above ground. The study of ''paleokarst'' (buried karst in the stratigraphic column) is important in petroleum geology because as much as 50% of the world's hydrocarbon reserves are hosted in carbonate rock, and much of this is found in porous karst systems. Etymology The English word ''karst'' was borrowed from German in the late 19th century, which entered German much earlier ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Argyra, Greece
Argyra ( el, Αργυρά) is a village in the municipal unit of Rio, Achaea, Greece. It is situated in the northern foothills of the Panachaiko, at about 450 m elevation. It is 2 km west of Sella and 7 km east of Rio. In 2011, it had a population of 288. A wind energy facility has been built about 4 km to the south. Population History The ancient town Argyra was located near the river Selemnos, the spring Argyra and the town Boline. Both towns were already ruined in Pausanias' days (2nd century AD). According to local legend, Argyra was a sea-nymph, who fell in love with Selemnus and used to come up out of the sea to visit him, sleeping by his side.Pausanias Pausanias ( el, Παυσανίας) may refer to: *Pausanias of Athens, lover of the poet Agathon and a character in Plato's ''Symposium'' *Pausanias the Regent, Spartan general and regent of the 5th century BC * Pausanias of Sicily, physician of t ... ''Description of Greece'' 7.23 The ancient town is located be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Selemnos
Selemnos (Ancient Greek: Σέλεμνος, la, Selemnus) is a river in the northern part of Achaea, Greece. The river flows entirely in the municipal unit of Rio and empties into the Gulf of Corinth. Geography The river begins on the northwest side of the Panachaiko mountain. It passes along the villages Ano Kastritsi and Kato Kastritsi. It empties into the Gulf of Corinth, east of the Rio-Antirrio bridge. The lower course of the river is also called ''Kastritsianiko'' (Καστριτσιάνικο). Mythology In Greek mythology, Selemnus was a shepherd who loved the nymph Argyra, who eventually abandoned him and Selemnus died of grief. That time, the goddess Aphrodite made him a river, the waters of which were believed to cure of unrequited love.Pausanias, ''Description of Greece'', 7. 23. 1 - 3 The story of Selemnus is referenced in a tale by Rena Galanaki in ''Mnimi tou erota, lithi tou erota'' (''Μνήμη του έρωτα, λήθη του έρωτα'') in the boo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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