Bundas
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Bundas
The Municipality of Bundas lies at the south-eastern corner of Moxico Province of Angola near the border with Zambia. Its principal town is Lumbala. Due to the destruction of the Angolan Civil War, it is one of the most remote municipalities in Angola and access remains a large problem despite significant progress, as many roads are still not cleared of land mines and many bridges remain destroyed, but easily accessed by a tar road from Luena and a gravel road from the Zambian border to N'inda and a tar road to Lumbala N'guimbo. Lumbala N'guimbo is the administrative centre and seat of the Bundas Municipality. The Bundas comprises seven communes: Lumbala N'guimbo (seat), Lutembo (76 km), Mussuma Mitete (80 km), N'inda (84 km), Sessa (80 km), Chiume (130 km), Luvuei (150 km), and covers an extension of 43,800 km2. The population is made up predominantly of the Mbunda people and former refugees who have returned to the area since the end of the ...
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Mbunda People
The Vambunda (singular ''Kambunda'', adjective and language ''Mbunda'', ''Mbúùnda'' or ''Chimbúùnda'') are a Bantu people who, during the Bantu migrations, came from the north to south-eastern Angola and finally Barotseland, now part of Zambia. Their core is at present found in the south-east of Angola from the Lunguevungu river in Moxico to the Cuando Cubango Province. The Vambunda comprise a number of subgroups, each of which speaks its own dialect: Mbunda Mathzi (''Katavola''), Yauma, Nkangala, Mbalango, Sango, Shamuka (''Chiyengele'') and Ndundu, all of them alive in southeast Angola.Bantu-Languages.com
citing Maniacky 1997


Origins

According to the oral tradition of the Vambunda, the first monarch of the

Moxico Province
Moxico (Portuguese spelling) or Moshiko (Bantu spelling) is the largest province of Angola. It has an area of , and covers 18% of the landmass of Angola. The province has a population of 758,568 (2014 census) and a population density of approximately 3.4 residents per km² (8.8/sq mi), making it one of the most sparsely populated areas of Angola. The population of the province is in flux; displaced residents have slowly returned to Moxico since the end of the Angolan Civil War in 2002. The war left Moxico as one of the most landmine-contaminated places in the world. The governor of the province is Gonçalves Manuel Muandumba. Luena is the capital of the Moxico Province, and is located from the Angolan capital of Luanda. History Moxico Province was the scene of much guerrilla fighting during the Angolan Civil War. Its long border with Zambia at the east of the province was a base of operations for UNITA and MPLA. As a result, Moxico Province saw many raids by the military of S ...
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Lumbala N'guimbo
Lumbala N'guimbo is a commune of Angola, located in the province of Moxico. See also * Communes of Angola The Communes of Angola ( pt, comunas) are Administrative division, administrative units in Angola after Municipalities of Angola, municipalities. The 163 municipalities of Angola are divided into communes. There are a total of 618 communes of Ang ... References {{coord missing, Angola Populated places in Moxico Province ...
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Mbunda Kingdom
The Mbunda Kingdom ( Mbunda: ''Chiundi ca Mbunda'' or ''Vumwene vwa Chiundi'' or Portuguese: ''Reino dos Bundas'') was an African kingdom located in west central Africa, what is now south-east Angola. At its greatest extent, it reached from Mithimoyi in the central Moxico to the Cuando Cubango Province in the south-east, bordering with Namibia. The kingdom was ruled by Mwene wa Chiundi (King). The kingdom was ultimately conquered in a war with Portugal in 1917, called the Kolongongo War. See also *Mbunda people The Vambunda (singular ''Kambunda'', adjective and language ''Mbunda'', ''Mbúùnda'' or ''Chimbúùnda'') are a Bantu people who, during the Bantu migrations, came from the north to south-eastern Angola and finally Barotseland, now part of Zam ... References Former monarchies of Africa Former kingdoms Countries in precolonial Africa 18th century in Angola 19th century in Angola 1900s in Angola 1910s in Angola Cuando Cubango Province Moxico Province S ...
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Angola
, national_anthem = " Angola Avante"() , image_map = , map_caption = , capital = Luanda , religion = , religion_year = 2020 , religion_ref = , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , official_languages = Portuguese , languages2_type = National languages , languages2 = , ethnic_groups = , ethnic_groups_ref = , ethnic_groups_year = 2000 , demonym = , government_type = Unitary dominant-party presidential republic , leader_title1 = President , leader_name1 = João Lourenço , leader_title2 = Vice President , leader_name2 = Esperança da CostaInvestidura do Pr ...
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Zambia
Zambia (), officially the Republic of Zambia, is a landlocked country at the crossroads of Central Africa, Central, Southern Africa, Southern and East Africa, although it is typically referred to as being in Southern Africa at its most central point. Its neighbours are the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the north, Tanzania to the northeast, Malawi to the east, Mozambique to the southeast, Zimbabwe and Botswana to the south, Namibia to the southwest, and Angola to the west. The capital city of Zambia is Lusaka, located in the south-central part of Zambia. The nation's population of around 19.5 million is concentrated mainly around Lusaka in the south and the Copperbelt Province to the north, the core economic hubs of the country. Originally inhabited by Khoisan peoples, the region was affected by the Bantu expansion of the thirteenth century. Following the arrival of European exploration of Africa, European explorers in the eighteenth century, the British colonised the r ...
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Angolan Civil War
The Angolan Civil War ( pt, Guerra Civil Angolana) was a civil war in Angola, beginning in 1975 and continuing, with interludes, until 2002. The war immediately began after Angola became independent from Portugal in November 1975. The war was a power struggle between two former anti-colonial guerrilla movements, the communist People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA) and the turned anti-communist National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA). The war was used as a surrogate battleground for the Cold War by rival states such as the Soviet Union, Cuba, South Africa, and the United States. The MPLA and UNITA had different roots in Angolan society and mutually incompatible leaderships, despite their shared aim of ending colonial rule. A third movement, the National Front for the Liberation of Angola (FNLA), having fought the MPLA with UNITA during the war for independence, played almost no role in the Civil War. Additionally, the Front for the Liberati ...
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Land Mines
A land mine is an explosive device concealed under or on the ground and designed to destroy or disable enemy targets, ranging from combatants to vehicles and tanks, as they pass over or near it. Such a device is typically detonated automatically by way of pressure when a target steps on it or drives over it, although other detonation mechanisms are also sometimes used. A land mine may cause damage by direct blast effect, by fragments that are thrown by the blast, or by both. Landmines are typically laid throughout an area, creating a ''minefield'' which is dangerous to cross. The use of land mines is controversial because of their potential as indiscriminate weapons. They can remain dangerous many years after a conflict has ended, harming civilians and the economy. Seventy-eight countries are contaminated with land mines and 15,000–20,000 people are killed every year while many more are injured. Approximately 80% of land mine casualties are civilians, with children as the m ...
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Luena, Moxico Province
Luena, formerly known as Luso, is a city and municipality in eastern Angola, administrative capital of Moxico Province. The municipality had a population of 357,413 in 2014. History The Angolan town is best known as the resting place of former UNITA rebel leader Jonas Savimbi, who was shot and killed by Angolan government troops on February 22, 2002. Later on January 3, 2008, Savimbi's tomb at Luena Main Cemetery was vandalised and four members of the youth wing of the MPLA were charged and arrested."Jonas Savimbi's tomb vandalised, says UNITA"
'''', January 23, 2008.


Climate


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King Mwene Mbandu III Mbandu Lifuti
King is the title given to a male monarch in a variety of contexts. The female equivalent is queen, which title is also given to the consort of a king. *In the context of prehistory, antiquity and contemporary indigenous peoples, the title may refer to tribal kingship. Germanic kingship is cognate with Indo-European traditions of tribal rulership (c.f. Indic ''rājan'', Gothic ''reiks'', and Old Irish ''rí'', etc.). *In the context of classical antiquity, king may translate in Latin as '' rex'' and in Greek as ''archon'' or ''basileus''. *In classical European feudalism, the title of ''king'' as the ruler of a ''kingdom'' is understood to be the highest rank in the feudal order, potentially subject, at least nominally, only to an emperor (harking back to the client kings of the Roman Republic and Roman Empire). *In a modern context, the title may refer to the ruler of one of a number of modern monarchies (either absolute or constitutional). The title of ''king'' is used ...
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Mbunda Language
Mbunda is a Bantu language of Angola and Zambia. There are several dialects: Katavola, Yauma, Nkangala, Mbalango, Sango, Ciyengele ("Shamuka"), and Ndundu, all of which are closely related. Mbunda was one of six languages selected by the ''Instituto de Línguas Nacionais'' (National Languages Institute) for an initial phase to establish spelling rules in 1980 to facilitate teaching in schools and promoting its use. Sounds Mbunda is similar to Luchazi, but has some differences in the consonants. Among other differences, where Luchazi has , Mbunda has . Where Luchazi has , Mbunda has dental . Vowels Like other languages in eastern Angola and Zambia, Mbunda language has five contrastive vowels: Consonants Voiced plosives only occur as prenasalized stops, where they contrast with aspirated plosives. Otherwise only tenuis plosives are found in Mbunda. Orthography Population Mbunda is spoken by the Mbunda people of the Moxico Province and Cuando Cubango Province of Angol ...
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