Buchsbaum Ring

	Buchsbaum Ring In mathematics, Buchsbaum rings are Noetherian local rings such that every system of parameters is a weak sequence. A sequence (a_1,\cdots,a_r) of the maximal ideal m is called a weak sequence if m\cdot((a_1,\cdots,a_)\colon a_i)\subset(a_1,\cdots,a_) for all i. They were introduced by and are named after David Buchsbaum David Alvin Buchsbaum (November 6, 1929 – January 8, 2021) was a mathematician at Brandeis University who worked on commutative algebra, homological algebra, and representation theory. He proved the Auslander–Buchsbaum formula and the Ausland .... Every Cohen–Macaulay local ring is a Buchsbaum ring. Every Buchsbaum ring is a generalized Cohen–Macaulay ring. References * * * * Commutative algebra Ring theory {{abstract-algebra-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Mathematics Mathematics is an area of knowledge that includes the topics of numbers, formulas and related structures, shapes and the spaces in which they are contained, and quantities and their changes. These topics are represented in modern mathematics with the major subdisciplines of number theory, algebra, geometry, and analysis, respectively. There is no general consensus among mathematicians about a common definition for their academic discipline. Most mathematical activity involves the discovery of properties of abstract objects and the use of pure reason to prove them. These objects consist of either abstractions from nature orin modern mathematicsentities that are stipulated to have certain properties, called axioms. A ''proof'' consists of a succession of applications of deductive rules to already established results. These results include previously proved theorems, axioms, andin case of abstraction from naturesome basic properties that are considered true starting points of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Local Ring In abstract algebra, more specifically ring theory, local rings are certain rings that are comparatively simple, and serve to describe what is called "local behaviour", in the sense of functions defined on varieties or manifolds, or of algebraic number fields examined at a particular place, or prime. Local algebra is the branch of commutative algebra that studies commutative local rings and their modules. In practice, a commutative local ring often arises as the result of the localization of a ring at a prime ideal. The concept of local rings was introduced by Wolfgang Krull in 1938 under the name ''Stellenringe''. The English term ''local ring'' is due to Zariski. Definition and first consequences A ring ''R'' is a local ring if it has any one of the following equivalent properties: * ''R'' has a unique maximal left ideal. * ''R'' has a unique maximal right ideal. * 1 ≠ 0 and the sum of any two non-units in ''R'' is a non-unit. * 1 ≠ 0 and if ''x'' is any element of ''R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	System Of Parameters In mathematics, a system of parameters for a local Noetherian ring of Krull dimension ''d'' with maximal ideal ''m'' is a set of elements ''x''1, ..., ''x''''d'' that satisfies any of the following equivalent conditions: # ''m'' is a minimal prime over (''x''1, ..., ''x''''d''). # The radical of (''x''1, ..., ''x''''d'') is ''m''. # Some power of ''m'' is contained in (''x''1, ..., ''x''''d''). # (''x''1, ..., ''x''''d'') is ''m''-primary. Every local Noetherian ring admits a system of parameters. It is not possible for fewer than ''d'' elements to generate an ideal whose radical is ''m'' because then the dimension of ''R'' would be less than ''d''. If ''M'' is a ''k''-dimensional module over a local ring, then ''x''1, ..., ''x''''k'' is a system of parameters for ''M'' if the length Length is a measure of distance. In the International System of Quantities, length is a quantity with dimension distance. In most systems of measurement a base unit for length is chosen, fro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	David Buchsbaum David Alvin Buchsbaum (November 6, 1929 – January 8, 2021) was a mathematician at Brandeis University who worked on commutative algebra, homological algebra, and representation theory. He proved the Auslander–Buchsbaum formula and the Auslander–Buchsbaum theorem. Career Buchsbaum earned his Ph.D. under Samuel Eilenberg in 1954 from Columbia University with thesis ''Exact Categories and Duality''. Among his doctoral students are Peter J. Freyd and Hema Srinivasan. In 2012 he became a fellow of the American Mathematical Society The American Mathematical Society (AMS) is an association of professional mathematicians dedicated to the interests of mathematical research and scholarship, and serves the national and international community through its publications, meetings, ....List of Fellows of the American Mathematica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Cohen–Macaulay Ring In mathematics, a Cohen–Macaulay ring is a commutative ring with some of the algebro-geometric properties of a smooth variety, such as local equidimensionality. Under mild assumptions, a local ring is Cohen–Macaulay exactly when it is a finitely generated free module over a regular local subring. Cohen–Macaulay rings play a central role in commutative algebra: they form a very broad class, and yet they are well understood in many ways. They are named for , who proved the unmixedness theorem for polynomial rings, and for , who proved the unmixedness theorem for formal power series rings. All Cohen–Macaulay rings have the unmixedness property. For Noetherian local rings, there is the following chain of inclusions. Definition For a commutative Noetherian local ring ''R'', a finite (i.e. finitely generated) ''R''-module M\neq 0 is a ''Cohen-Macaulay module'' if \mathrm(M) = \mathrm(M) (in general we have: \mathrm(M) \leq \mathrm(M), see Auslander–Buchsbaum formula for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Generalized Cohen–Macaulay Ring In algebra, a generalized Cohen–Macaulay ring is a commutative Noetherian local ring (A, \mathfrak) of Krull dimension ''d'' > 0 that satisfies any of the following equivalent conditions: For each integer i = 0, \dots, d - 1, the length of the ''i''-th local cohomology of ''A'' is finite: :\operatorname_A(\operatorname^i_(A)) < \infty. * $\sup_Q (\operatorname_A(A/Q) - e(Q)) < \infty$ where the sup is over all parameter ideal s $Q$ and $e(Q)$ is the multiplicity of $Q$ . There is an $\mathfrak$ - primary ideal $Q$ such ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Springer-Verlag Springer Science+Business Media, commonly known as Springer, is a German multinational publishing company of books, e-books and peer-reviewed journals in science, humanities, technical and medical (STM) publishing. Originally founded in 1842 in Berlin, it expanded internationally in the 1960s, and through mergers in the 1990s and a sale to venture capitalists it fused with Wolters Kluwer and eventually became part of Springer Nature in 2015. Springer has major offices in Berlin, Heidelberg, Dordrecht, and New York City. History Julius Springer founded Springer-Verlag in Berlin in 1842 and his son Ferdinand Springer grew it from a small firm of 4 employees into Germany's then second largest academic publisher with 65 staff in 1872.Chronology ". Springer Science+Business Media. In 1964, Springer expanded its business internationally, o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Commutative Algebra Commutative algebra, first known as ideal theory, is the branch of algebra that studies commutative rings, their ideals, and modules over such rings. Both algebraic geometry and algebraic number theory build on commutative algebra. Prominent examples of commutative rings include polynomial rings; rings of algebraic integers, including the ordinary integers \mathbb; and ''p''-adic integers. Commutative algebra is the main technical tool in the local study of schemes. The study of rings that are not necessarily commutative is known as noncommutative algebra; it includes ring theory, representation theory, and the theory of Banach algebras. Overview Commutative algebra is essentially the study of the rings occurring in algebraic number theory and algebraic geometry. In algebraic number theory, the rings of algebraic integers are Dedekind rings, which constitute therefore an important class of commutative rings. Considerations related to modular arithmetic have led to the no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]