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Brazilian Police Militias
Brazilian police militias ( pt, Milícias), in Rio de Janeiro and other cities of Brazil, are criminal, illegal paramilitary groups made up of current and former police (Civil/Military) officers as well as Military Firefighters Corps officers, criminals, politicians, and military officers. They carry out both vigilante and organized crime activities. In the favelas where the authorities have effectively lost control, drug gangs like ADA and Red Command often reign supreme, openly selling drugs and carrying weapons as well as acting as the de facto authorities, building infrastructure and enforcing their own brand of law and order. Police-backed militias force out the drug traffickers, only to set up their own protection rackets, extorting residents and taxing basic services. History The militias have their roots in the death squads of the Brazilian military dictatorship in 1964. They emerged in the late 2000s, being made up of off-duty police officers with assistance from local b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brazil
Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area and the seventh most populous. Its capital is Brasília, and its most populous city is São Paulo. The federation is composed of the union of the 26 States of Brazil, states and the Federal District (Brazil), Federal District. It is the largest country to have Portuguese language, Portuguese as an List of territorial entities where Portuguese is an official language, official language and the only one in the Americas; one of the most Multiculturalism, multicultural and ethnically diverse nations, due to over a century of mass Immigration to Brazil, immigration from around the world; and the most populous Catholic Church by country, Roman Catholic-majority country. Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the east, Brazil has a Coastline of Brazi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amigos Dos Amigos
Amigos dos Amigos (ADA, ''Friends of Friends'') is a criminal organization that operates in the Brazilian city of Rio de Janeiro. It was started up in 1998 when a member of Comando Vermelho was expelled from the organization for ordering the murder of another member. The gang's main rivals are Comando Vermelho and Terceiro Comando Puro. ADA controls many drug selling points in the North and West zones. Between 2004 and 2017, ADA controlled Rocinha, the largest favela in Rio de Janeiro, along with many other smaller favelas. With the assassination of the gang leader Bem-Te-Vi in 2005 by police, there was a renewed wave of violence as gangs fought for control over favelas previously controlled by ADA. ADA are thought to wield significant social power in the communities they control, winning support through handouts, throwing parties, and providing some services, while their rivals, the Red Command, imposes itself more through violence. The gang made global headlines in October ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Police Brutality In Brazil
Human rights in Brazil include the right to life and freedom of speech; and condemnation of slavery and torture. The nation ratified the American Convention on Human Rights. The 2017 Freedom in the World report by Freedom House gives Brazil a score of "2" for both political rights and civil liberties; "1" represents the most free, and "7", the least. However, the following human rights problems have been reported: torture of detainees and inmates by police and prison security forces; inability to protect witnesses involved in criminal cases; harsh conditions; prolonged pretrial detention and inordinate delays of trials; reluctance to prosecute as well as inefficiency in prosecuting government officials for corruption; violence and discrimination against women; violence against children, including sexual abuse; human trafficking; police brutality; discrimination against black and indigenous people; failure to enforce labour laws; and child labour in the informal sector. Human rig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marielle Franco
Marielle Franco (; born Marielle Francisco da Silva, 27 July 1979 – 14 March 2018) was a Brazilian politician, sociologist, feminist, socialist and human rights activist. After earning a master's degree in public administration from the Fluminense Federal University, she served as a city councillor of the Municipal Chamber of Rio de Janeiro for the Socialism and Liberty Party (PSOL) from January 2017 until her death. On 14 March 2018, while in a car after delivering a speech in the north of Rio de Janeiro, Franco and her driver were shot multiple times and killed by two murderers travelling in another vehicle. Franco had been an outspoken critic of police brutality and extrajudicial killings, as well as the February 2018 federal intervention by Brazilian president Michel Temer in the state of Rio de Janeiro which resulted in the deployment of the army in police operations. In March 2019, two former police officers were arrested and charged with the murder of Marielle Franco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pancasila Youth
The Pancasila Youth ( id, Pemuda Pancasila, ''PP'') is an Indonesian far-right paramilitary organization established in 1959. The organisation's name refers to ''Pancasila'', the official "five principles" of the Indonesian state. Pemuda Pancasila was involved in the Indonesian mass killings of 1965–66, and supported the New Order regime of President Suharto. Its members extort money, control car parking and offer security services. History The organization officially dates its foundation as 28 October 1959 as the youth wing of the League of Supporters of Indonesian Independence party, which had been established by General Abdul Haris Nasution to promote the political interests of the Indonesian Army. This was shortly after President Sukarno's decree restoring the 1945 Constitution, which the military supported, and which the Pemuda Pancasila was to "back up". There is some ambiguity as to the actual founding date, and it is possible that 28 October was decided on retrospe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wallace Souza
Wallace Souza (12 August 1958 – 27 July 2010) was a Brazilian television presenter and politician. He was an elected member of the Legislative Assembly of Amazonas until his expulsion in October 2009. Souza was commonly known for presenting the controversial news program '' Canal Livre''. In 2009 Wallace was subject to worldwide media coverage when police launched an investigation into claims that he had arranged for murders to occur in order to boost ratings for his program. Souza died after being formally charged with murder before trial. Two alleged confederates were found not guilty, but Souza's son Rafael was sentenced to nine years for homicide. Early and personal life Wallace Souza was born in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. He obtained degrees at the College of Business São Luiz Gonzaga and the State College Basílio Machado, and also attended the Center for Study of Human Behavior and University Nilton Lins. He was married and had four children. In 1979, Souza becam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paramilitarism In Colombia
Right-wing paramilitary groups in Colombia ( es, paramilitares de derecha) are paramilitary groups acting Far-right politics, in opposition to revolutionary socialism, revolutionary Marxist-Leninism, Marxist–Leninist Guerrilla movements in Colombia#Colombian armed conflict (1960s–present), guerrilla forces and their allies among the civilian population. These right-wing paramilitary groups control a large majority of the Illegal drug trade in Colombia, illegal drug trade of cocaine and other substances. The Colombian National Center for Historical Memory, National Centre for Historical Memory has estimated that between 1981 and 2012 paramilitary groups have caused 38.4% of the civilian deaths, while the Guerrilla movements in Colombia, Guerillas are responsible for 16.8%, 10.1% by the Colombian Security Forces and 27.7% by non-identified armed groups, although the chief prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, ICC would contradict these numbers. The first paramilitary ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crime In Brazil
Crime in Brazil involves an elevated incidence of violent and non-violent crimes. Brazil possesses high rates of violent crimes, such as murders and robberies. Brazil's homicide rate was 27.4 homicides per 100,000 inhabitants according to the UNODC, placing Brazil in the top 20 countries by intentional homicide rate. In international crime rankings however, Brazil is generally not considered amongst the top 20 most dangerous countries in the world but top 50 with many homicides being between gangs and not affecting the general populace and no large scale wars. Brazil is the country with the highest number of intentional homicides in the world, with 57,358 in 2018, or possibly second to Nigeria which lacks accurate data but was estimated at 64,201 in 2016. In recent years, the homicide rate in Brazil has begun to decline. The homicide rate was 20.64 per 100,000 in 2020 with 43,879 killings, similar to 2019, but down from 30.67 per 100,000 in 2017. Brazil is a central hub for the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Modern Warfare 2
''Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2'' is a 2009 first-person shooter game developed by Infinity Ward and published by Activision. It is the sixth installment in the ''Call of Duty'' series and the direct sequel to '' Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare''. It was released worldwide on November 10, 2009, for Microsoft Windows, the PlayStation 3, and Xbox 360. A separate version for the Nintendo DS, titled '' Modern Warfare: Mobilized'', was also released on the same day. A version for macOS was developed by Aspyr and released in May 2014, and the Xbox 360 version was made backward compatible for the Xbox One in 2018. The game's campaign follows Task Force 141, a multi-national special forces unit commanded by Captain Soap MacTavish as they hunt Vladimir Makarov, leader of the Russian Ultranationalist party, and U.S. Army Rangers from 1st Battalion/75th Ranger Regiment who are defending the Washington, D.C. area from a Russian invasion. The game's main playable characters are Sergeant Ga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Max Payne 3
''Max Payne 3'' is a 2012 third-person shooter video game developed and published by Rockstar Games. It was released on May 15, 2012 for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360; a Microsoft Windows port was released on May 29, 2012, followed by an OS X port on June 20, 2013. The game is the third entry in the ''Max Payne'' series and the sequel to '' Max Payne 2: The Fall of Max Payne''. The game is also backwards compatible on Xbox One and Xbox Series X/S. The game is played from a third-person perspective. Throughout the single-player mode, players control Max Payne, a former NYPD detective. Nine years after the events of the second game, Max finds work as a private security contractor in São Paulo, Brazil, but becomes entangled in a quest filled with death and betrayal. An online multiplayer mode is included with the game, allowing up to 16 players to engage in both cooperative and competitive gameplay in re-creations of multiple single-player settings. As part of their research f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Enemy Within
''The Enemy Within'' may refer to: Books * ''The Enemy Within'' (Kennedy book), by Robert F. Kennedy, 1960 * ''The Enemy Within'' (play), by Brian Friel, 1962 * ''The Enemy Within'', 1986 Volume 3 of L. Ron Hubbard's '' Mission Earth'' series * ''The Enemy Within'' (Milne book), by Seumas Milne, 1994 * ''The Enemy Within'' (novel), by Christie Golden, 1994 * ''The Enemy Within'' (Savage book), by Michael Savage, 2003 * '' Hitman: Enemy Within'', a 2007 novelization of the video game ''Hitman'' * ''The Enemy Within: Terror, Lies, and the Whitewashing of Omar Khadr'' by Ezra Levant, 2011 * ''The Enemy Within'' (Rusch novel), by Kristine Kathryn Rusch, 2014 *''Enemies Within: Communists, the Cambridge Spies and the Making of Modern Britain'' by Richard Davenport-Hines, 2018 Film * ''The Enemy Within'' (1918 film), a 1918 Australian silent film * ''The Enemy Within'' (1994 film), an HBO thriller starring Forest Whitaker * '' Doctor Who: The Enemy Within'' (1996 film), FOX TV ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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