|
Braulidae
Braulidae, or bee lice, is a family of fly, true flies (''Diptera'') with seven species in two genera, ''Braula'' and ''Megabraula''. They are found in honey bee colonies due to their phoretic, inquiline, and kleptoparasitic relationships with the bees. Similar in appearance but not closely related to Hippoboscidae#Systematics, keds, these flies are also small, wingless, and occasionally mistaken for mites or lice, hence their common name. History The first discovery of Braulidae was of ''Braula coeca'', in 1818 by Christian Ludwig Nitzsch, Christian Ludwig Nitzch, a German zoologist. In 1986, the genus ''Megabraula'' was discovered by David Grimaldi (entomologist), David Grimaldi, an American entomologist. Braulidae are found throughout the world in Africa, Europe, Australia, North America, and South America. Since they prefer queen bees as hosts, they are thought to have been brought to the United States by queen importation. Many species of Braulidae are thought to have dif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Braulidae
Braulidae, or bee lice, is a family of fly, true flies (''Diptera'') with seven species in two genera, ''Braula'' and ''Megabraula''. They are found in honey bee colonies due to their phoretic, inquiline, and kleptoparasitic relationships with the bees. Similar in appearance but not closely related to Hippoboscidae#Systematics, keds, these flies are also small, wingless, and occasionally mistaken for mites or lice, hence their common name. History The first discovery of Braulidae was of ''Braula coeca'', in 1818 by Christian Ludwig Nitzsch, Christian Ludwig Nitzch, a German zoologist. In 1986, the genus ''Megabraula'' was discovered by David Grimaldi (entomologist), David Grimaldi, an American entomologist. Braulidae are found throughout the world in Africa, Europe, Australia, North America, and South America. Since they prefer queen bees as hosts, they are thought to have been brought to the United States by queen importation. Many species of Braulidae are thought to have dif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Braula
''Braula'' is a genus of flies (Diptera) in the family Braulidae. These are very unusual flies, wingless and flattened, and barely recognizable as Diptera. '' Braula coeca'' Nitzsch is a pest of honey bees. The larvae tunnel through the wax honeycomb and the adults are found on the bodies of honey bees. There is some debate whether the bee louse causes damage to the honey bee. These flies sometimes can be found at places where bees congregate such as flowers or salt licks, waiting to grab onto hosts from uninfested nests. ''Braula'' is cosmopolitan and about 1.6 mm in length. Species *'' Braula coeca'' Nitzsch, 1818 *'' Braula kohli'' Schmitz, 1914 *'' Braula orientalis'' Òròsi Pál, 1963 *'' Braula pretoriensis'' Òròsi Pál, 1939 *'' Braula schmitzi'' Òròsi Pál, 1939 References External links''Braula coeca'', bee louseon the University of Florida / Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences The University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Megabraula
''Megabraula'' is a fly genus in the family Braulidae. These are very unusual flies, wingless and flattened, and barely recognizable as Diptera. ''Megabraula'' is found in Nepal and is 3 mm in length. Both species are found in the nests of ''Apis laboriosa ''Apis laboriosa'', the Himalayan giant honey bee, is the world’s largest honey bee; single adults can measure up to in length. Before 1980, ''Apis laboriosa'' was considered to be a subspecies of the widespread ''Apis dorsata'', the giant ho ...'' Species *'' Megabraula antecessor'' Grimaldi & Underwood, 1986 *'' Megabraula onerosa'' Grimaldi & Underwood, 1986 References Braulidae Carnoidea genera Pest insects Diptera of Asia Wingless Diptera Taxa named by David Grimaldi {{Carnoidea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Braula - Print - Iconographia Zoologica - Special Collections University Of Amsterdam - UBAINV0274 039 08 0002
''Braula'' is a genus of flies (Diptera) in the family Braulidae. These are very unusual flies, wingless and flattened, and barely recognizable as Diptera. '' Braula coeca'' Nitzsch is a pest of honey bees. The larvae tunnel through the wax honeycomb and the adults are found on the bodies of honey bees. There is some debate whether the bee louse causes damage to the honey bee. These flies sometimes can be found at places where bees congregate such as flowers or salt licks, waiting to grab onto hosts from uninfested nests. ''Braula'' is cosmopolitan and about 1.6 mm in length. Species *'' Braula coeca'' Nitzsch, 1818 *'' Braula kohli'' Schmitz, 1914 *'' Braula orientalis'' Òròsi Pál, 1963 *'' Braula pretoriensis'' Òròsi Pál, 1939 *'' Braula schmitzi'' Òròsi Pál, 1939 References External links''Braula coeca'', bee louseon the University of Florida / Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences The University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acalyptrate Muscoid
The Acalyptratae or Acalyptrata are a subsection of the Schizophora, which are a section of the order Diptera, the "true flies". In various contexts the Acalyptratae also are referred to informally as the acalyptrate muscoids, or acalyptrates, as opposed to the Calyptratae. All forms of the name refer to the lack of calypters in the members of this subsection of flies. An alternative name, Acalypterae is current, though in minority usage. It was first used by Pierre-Justin-Marie Macquart in 1835 for a section of his tribe Muscides; he used it to refer to all acalyptrates plus scathophagids and phorids, but excluding Conopidae. The confusing forms of the names stem from their first usage; ''Acalyptratae'' and ''Acalyptrata'' actually are adjectival forms in New Latin. They were coined in the mid 19th century in contexts such as "Muscae Calyptratae and Acalyptratae" and "Diptera Acalyptrata", and the forms stuck. The Acalyptratae are a large assemblage, exhibiting very diverse h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Common Name
In biology, a common name of a taxon or organism (also known as a vernacular name, English name, colloquial name, country name, popular name, or farmer's name) is a name that is based on the normal language of everyday life; and is often contrasted with the scientific name for the same organism, which is Latinized. A common name is sometimes frequently used, but that is not always the case. In chemistry, IUPAC defines a common name as one that, although it unambiguously defines a chemical, does not follow the current systematic naming convention, such as acetone, systematically 2-propanone, while a vernacular name describes one used in a lab, trade or industry that does not unambiguously describe a single chemical, such as copper sulfate, which may refer to either copper(I) sulfate or copper(II) sulfate. Sometimes common names are created by authorities on one particular subject, in an attempt to make it possible for members of the general public (including such interested par ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
East African Lowland Honey Bee
The East African lowland honey bee (''Apis mellifera scutellata'') is a subspecies of the western honey bee. It is native to central, southern and eastern Africa, though at the southern extreme it is replaced by the Cape honey bee (''Apis mellifera capensis''). This subspecies has been determined to constitute one part of the ancestry of the Africanized bees (also known as "killer bees") spreading through North and South America. The introduction of the Cape honey bee into northern South Africa poses a threat to East African lowland honey bees. If a female worker from a Cape honey bee colony enters an East African lowland honey bee nest, she is not attacked, partly due to her resemblance to the East African lowland honey bee queen. As she is capable of parthenogenetic reproduction, she may begin laying eggs which hatch as "clones" of herself, which will also lay eggs, causing the parasitic ''A. m. capensis'' workers to increase in number. The death of the host colony results from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ptilinum
The ptilinum is an eversible pouch on the head, above the base of the antenna in schizophoran flies (a section Section, Sectioning or Sectioned may refer to: Arts, entertainment and media * Section (music), a complete, but not independent, musical idea * Section (typography), a subdivision, especially of a chapter, in books and documents ** Section sig ... of muscomorphan and cyclorrhaphan flies). It is used to force off the end of the puparium in order for the fly to emerge, and after this inflation at emergence, the ptilinum collapses back inside the head, marked thereafter only by the ptilinal suture or frontal suture (which defines the aperture through which it everts). References Bugguide.net. ptilinum, ptilinal suture Insect anatomy {{insect-anatomy-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brachycera Families
The Brachycera are a suborder (biology), suborder of the order Diptera. It is a major suborder consisting of around 120 Family (biology), families. Their most distinguishing characteristic is reduced antenna (biology), antenna segmentation. Description A summary of the main physical characteristics is: * antenna (biology), Antenna size (with eight or fewer flagellomeres) is reduced. * The maxilla (arthropod mouthpart), maxillary palp (an elongated appendage near the mouth) has two segments or fewer. * The back portions of the larval head capsule extend into the prothorax (the anterior part of the thorax, which bears the first pair of legs). * Two distinct parts make up of the larval Mandible (insect mouthpart), mandible (lower jaw). * The epandrium and hypandrium of the genitalia are separated in males. * No premandible is present on the lower surface of the Insect mouthparts, labrum (the roof of the mouth). * The configuration of the CuA2 and A1 wing wing vein, veins is distinc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Drosophilidae
The Drosophilidae are a diverse, cosmopolitan family of flies, which includes species called fruit flies, although they are more accurately referred to as vinegar or pomace flies. Another distantly related family of flies, Tephritidae, are true fruit flies because they are frugivorous, and include apple maggot flies and many pests. The best known species of the Drosophilidae is ''Drosophila melanogaster'', within the genus ''Drosophila'', also called the "fruit fly." ''Drosophila melanogaster'' is used extensively for studies concerning genetics, development, physiology, ecology and behaviour. Many fundamental biological mechanisms were discovered first in ''D. melanogaster.'' The fruit fly is mostly composed of post-mitotic cells, has a very short lifespan, and shows gradual aging. As in other species, temperature influences the life history of the animal. Several genes have been identified that can be manipulated to extend the lifespan of these insects. Additionally, ''Drosophi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ephydroidea
The Ephydroidea are a superfamily of muscomorph flies, with over 6,000 species. Description A characteristic of adult Ephydroidea (shared with their relatives such as Calyptratae) is that the pedicel of the antenna has a dorsoventral seam or incision. Ecology Ephydroidea live in many habitats and have diverse diets. For example, most Ephydridae have larvae that are aquatic/semi-aquatic and feed as browsers or filter-feeders, but there are also species with terrestrial larvae that are egg predators, egg parasitoids, leaf miners or saprophages. Most Drosophilidae breed in rotting material where they feed on yeast and bacteria, but there are also species that attack whole fruits. Phylogeny A 2021 analysis found Ephydroidea to be the sister taxon In phylogenetics, a sister group or sister taxon, also called an adelphotaxon, comprises the closest relative(s) of another given unit in an evolutionary tree. Definition The expression is most easily illustrated by a cladogram ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sphaeroceridae
Sphaeroceridae are a family of true flies in the order Diptera, often called small dung flies, lesser dung flies or lesser corpse flies due to their saprophagous habits. They belong to the typical fly suborder Brachycera as can be seen by their short antennae, and more precisely they are members of the section Schizophora. There are over 1,300 species and about 125 genera accepted as valid today, but new taxa are still being described. Unlike the large "corpse flies" or blow-flies of the family Calliphoridae and the large dung flies of the family Scathophagidae, the small dung flies are members of the schizophoran subsection Acalyptratae. Among their superfamily Sphaeroceroidea, they seem to be particularly close relatives of the family Heleomyzidae. Description and ecology Dung flies are small to minute, usually dull-colored flies with characteristically thickened first tarsomere of the posterior leg. The first tarsal segment is less than times as long as the sec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
