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Bradford, PA
Bradford is a city in McKean County, Pennsylvania. It is located close to the border with New York state and approximately south of Buffalo, New York. Bradford is the principal city in the Bradford, PA Micropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 7,825 at the 2020 United States Census. History Settled in 1823, Bradford was chartered as a city in 1879 and emerged as a wild oil boomtown in the Pennsylvania oil rush in the late 19th century. The area's Pennsylvania Grade crude oil has superior qualities and is free of asphaltic constituents, contains only trace amounts of sulfur and nitrogen, and has excellent characteristics for refining into lubricants. The Bradford & Foster Brook Railway was built in 1876 as one of, if not the first, monorails in America, when Bradford was a booming oil town. World-famous Kendall racing oils were produced in Bradford. Bradford was the site of an important step in the development of personal aviation. In the 1930s, the Taylor Brothers ...
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City
A city is a human settlement of notable size.Goodall, B. (1987) ''The Penguin Dictionary of Human Geography''. London: Penguin.Kuper, A. and Kuper, J., eds (1996) ''The Social Science Encyclopedia''. 2nd edition. London: Routledge. It can be defined as a permanent and densely settled place with administratively defined boundaries whose members work primarily on non-agricultural tasks. Cities generally have extensive systems for housing, transportation, sanitation, utilities, land use, production of goods, and communication. Their density facilitates interaction between people, government organisations and businesses, sometimes benefiting different parties in the process, such as improving efficiency of goods and service distribution. Historically, city-dwellers have been a small proportion of humanity overall, but following two centuries of unprecedented and rapid urbanization, more than half of the world population now lives in cities, which has had profound consequences for g ...
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Bradford And Foster Brook Railway
The Bradford & Foster Brook Railway was one of the earliest, if not the first, monorails in United States, America. Inspired by a working demonstration of the Centennial Monorail at the Philadelphia Centennial Exposition of 1876, Col. Roy Stone thought it would solve transportation problems near Bradford, Pennsylvania. In 1876, Bradford was a booming oil town with much machinery and oil supplies awaiting delivery. Because of muddy road conditions, deliveries to the oil fields were delayed. Construction of the railroad was already started by October 31, 1877, when the Railway Corporation was founded. The railway was constructed similar to the Lartigue Monorail design, and consisted of a series of piles driven into the ground connected by 12" square timbers upon which set a single rail. Three feet below the railhead was a stringer on each side. This stringer bore a wear strip upon which the rail cars pressed a wheel for balance. Road crossings operated like a fence gate, as did switc ...
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Rufus Barrett Stone House
The Rufus Barrett Stone House, also called the Flatiron Building, is a historic townhouse located in Bradford, Pennsylvania, in McKean County. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on November 14, 1982. The three story brick structure was built in 1903 on a triangular plot of land between Boylston Street, Pennsylvania Route 346 (East Washington Street) and Tununguant Creek forcing the building to be designed in the distinctive clothing iron-shape. It was built by Rufus Barrett Stone to house his law offices and his residence. See also * National Register of Historic Places listings in McKean County, Pennsylvania __NOTOC__ This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in McKean County, Pennsylvania. This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in McKean County, Pe ... References Houses completed in 1903 Colonial Revival architecture in Pennsylvania Hou ...
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Bradford Old City Hall
The Bradford Old City Hall is a historic city hall located in Bradford, Pennsylvania, in McKean County. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on May 17, 1976. The eclectic Victorian Romanesque Revival building was constructed in 1897. The building was designed by architect Enoch A. Curtis of Fredonia, New York. Curtis was also in charge of the building's reconstruction in 1902 after a devastating fire. The brick building features a four-story, clock tower that houses a four-dialed clock created by Seth Thomas around 1910. The building no longer functions as city hall, but remains home to some city government offices. The building is also located in a Keystone Opportunity Zone (KOZ). See also * National Register of Historic Places listings in McKean County, Pennsylvania __NOTOC__ This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in McKean County, Pennsylvania. This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and district ...
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Bradford Downtown Historic District
Bradford Downtown Historic District, is a national historic district in Bradford, McKean County, Pennsylvania, United States. It includes 136 contributing structures, mostly commercial buildings, and three structures otherwise listed on the National Register; Bradford Armory, Bradford Old City Hall, and the Rufus Barrett Stone House. ''Note:'' This includes and It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000. References See also * National Register of Historic Places listings in McKean County, Pennsylvania __NOTOC__ This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in McKean County, Pennsylvania. This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in McKean County, Pe ... {{National Register of Historic Places Italianate architecture in Pennsylvania Geography of McKean County, Pennsylvania Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylv ...
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Bradford Armory
Bradford Armory, is a historic National Guard armory located in Bradford, Pennsylvania, in McKean County. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on May 9, 1991. It was built in 1912 for Company C, 16th Infantry of the Pennsylvania National Guard. It was purchased by John Schenne, a prominent land owner and engineer at the start of the 2014 summer for $60,000. The yellow brick, building was designed in the Romanesque Revival style. See also * National Register of Historic Places listings in McKean County, Pennsylvania __NOTOC__ This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in McKean County, Pennsylvania. This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in McKean County, Pe ... References {{National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania Infrastructure completed in 1912 Armories on the National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania Pennsylvania Nation ...
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Scientific American
''Scientific American'', informally abbreviated ''SciAm'' or sometimes ''SA'', is an American popular science magazine. Many famous scientists, including Albert Einstein and Nikola Tesla, have contributed articles to it. In print since 1845, it is the oldest continuously published magazine in the United States. ''Scientific American'' is owned by Springer Nature, which in turn is a subsidiary of Holtzbrinck Publishing Group. History ''Scientific American'' was founded by inventor and publisher Rufus Porter (painter), Rufus Porter in 1845 as a four-page weekly newspaper. The first issue of the large format newspaper was released August 28, 1845. Throughout its early years, much emphasis was placed on reports of what was going on at the United States Patent and Trademark Office, U.S. Patent Office. It also reported on a broad range of inventions including perpetual motion machines, an 1860 device for buoying vessels by Abraham Lincoln, and the universal joint which now can be found ...
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Perpetual Motion
Perpetual motion is the motion of bodies that continues forever in an unperturbed system. A perpetual motion machine is a hypothetical machine that can do work infinitely without an external energy source. This kind of machine is impossible, as it would violate either the first law of thermodynamics, first or second law of thermodynamics or both. These laws of thermodynamics apply regardless of the size of the system. For example, the motions and rotations of celestial bodies such as planets may appear perpetual, but are actually subject to many processes that slowly dissipate their kinetic energy, such as solar wind, interstellar medium resistance, gravitational radiation and thermal radiation, so they will not keep moving forever. Thus, machines that extract energy from finite sources will not operate indefinitely, because they are driven by the energy stored in the source, which will eventually be exhausted. A common example is devices powered by ocean currents, whose energ ...
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Stew Barber
Stewart Clair Barber (born June 14, 1939) is a former American football offensive tackle in the American Football League (AFL) for the Buffalo Bills. He also was an executive in the National Football League (NFL) for the Buffalo Bills. He played college football at Pennsylvania State University. Early years Barber attended Bradford Area High School. He accepted a football scholarship from Penn State University, where he was a two-way tackle. As a senior, he received All-American honors as an offensive tackle. Professional career Barber was selected by the Buffalo Bills in the fourth round (27th overall) of the 1961 AFL Draft and was also selected by the Dallas Cowboys in the third round (30th overall) of the 1961 NFL Draft. On January 8, 1961, he signed with the Bills. As a rookie, he started 14 games at outside linebacker and had 3 interceptions, returning one for a touchdown. In 1962, he was moved to left tackle, protecting quarterbacks Warren Rabb, Jack Kemp and Al Dorow ...
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Rube Waddell
George Edward Waddell (October 13, 1876 – April 1, 1914) was an American pitcher in Major League Baseball (MLB). A left-hander, he played for 13 years, with the Louisville Colonels, Pittsburgh Pirates, and Chicago Orphans in the National League, as well as the Philadelphia Athletics and St. Louis Browns in the American League. Born in Bradford, Pennsylvania, and raised in Prospect, PA, Waddell was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1946. Waddell is best remembered for his highly eccentric behavior, and for being a remarkably dominant strikeout pitcher in an era when batters were expert at making contact and avoiding making an out without putting a ball in play. He had an excellent fastball, a sharp-breaking curveball, a screwball, and superb control; his strikeout-to-walk ratio was almost 3-to-1, and he led the major leagues in strikeouts for six consecutive years. Early life Waddell was born on October 13, 1876, just outside Bradford, Pennsylvania. He grew up in the c ...
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Marilyn Horne
Marilyn Horne (born January 16, 1934) is an American mezzo-soprano opera singer. She specialized in roles requiring beauty of tone, excellent breath support, and the ability to execute difficult coloratura passages. She is a recipient of the National Medal of Arts, the Kennedy Center Honors, and has won four Grammy Awards. Early life Marilyn Horne was born in Bradford, Pennsylvania, to Berneice and Bentz Horne. Her parents were both politicians, with her mother serving as city assessor of the Fifth Ward and her father appointed as McKean County assessor. Bentz was also a semi-professional singer and, noticing Marilyn's talent, sought to move the family to a place where she could have access to professional vocal training and more opportunities to perform. Along with her older brother Richard and sister Gloria, the family moved to Long Beach, California when Marilyn was 11. At age 13, Horne became part of the newly formed Roger Wagner Chorale. She is an alumna of Long Beach Polytec ...
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Piper J-3 Cub
The Piper J-3 Cub is an American light aircraft that was built between 1938 and 1947 by Piper Aircraft. The aircraft has a simple, lightweight design which gives it good low-speed handling properties and short-field performance. The Cub is Piper Aircraft's most-produced model, with nearly 20,000 built in the United States. Its simplicity, affordability and popularity invokes comparisons to the Ford Model T automobile. The aircraft is a high-wing, strut-braced monoplane with a large-area rectangular wing. It is most often powered by an air-cooled, flat-4 piston engine driving a fixed-pitch propeller. Its fuselage is a welded steel frame covered in fabric, seating two people in tandem. The Cub was designed as a trainer. It had great popularity in this role and as a general aviation aircraft. Due to its performance, it was well suited for a variety of military uses such as reconnaissance, liaison and ground control. It was produced in large numbers during World War II as the L- ...
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