Brachaspis Nivalis
''Sigaus nivalis'', is an alpine short-horned grasshopper, Endemism, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. ''Sigaus nivalis'' is brachypterous and flightless, therefore they travel by hopping. They bask during the day so need open habitat. Taxonomy/history 'Sigaus' means silent and 'nivalis' means of the snow, so the name translates as the Quiet snow grasshopper. The species was first reported and described by Frederick Hutton (scientist), Captain Frederick Wollaston Hutton from the Aoraki / Mount Cook, Mount Cook area and Marlborough Region, Marlborough in 1897, but was put in the genus ''Pezotettix'' with some synonyms at that time.Hutton, F.W. (1897).The Grasshoppers and Locusts of New Zealand and the Kermadec Islands. ''Proceedings and Transactions of the New Zealand Institute'' 30: 135–150. In 1898, Hutton proposed a new genus ''"Brachaspis"'' (from its short and broad sternal shield) and put in ''B. nivalis''.Hutton, F.W. (1898). ''Proceedings and Transactions of ...
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Endemism
Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere. For example, the Cape sugarbird is found exclusively in southwestern South Africa and is therefore said to be ''endemic'' to that particular part of the world. An endemic species can be also be referred to as an ''endemism'' or in scientific literature as an ''endemite''. For example '' Cytisus aeolicus'' is an endemite of the Italian flora. '' Adzharia renschi'' was once believed to be an endemite of the Caucasus, but it was later discovered to be a non-indigenous species from South America belonging to a different genus. The extreme opposite of an endemic species is one with a cosmopolitan distribution, having a global or widespread range. A rare alternative term for a species that is endemic is "precinctive", which applies to ...
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