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Bienertia
''Bienertia'' is a flowering plant genus that currently is classified in the family Amaranthaceae s.l. (including the family Chenopodiaceae). For long time, the genus was considered to consist only of one species, ''Bienertia cycloptera'', but in 2005 and 2012, two new species have been separated. Species of this genus have acquired an unusual, single-cell type of carbon fixation without Kranz anatomy, also found in some species of the closely related genus ''Suaeda''. Species * '' Bienertia cycloptera'' * '' Bienertia kavirense'' * ''Bienertia sinuspersici ''Bienertia sinuspersici'' is a flowering plant that currently is classified in the family ''Amaranthaceae'', although it was previously considered to belong to the family Chenopodiaceae. ''Bienertia sinuspersici'' conducts C4 photosynthesis, b ...'' References {{Taxonbar, from=Q8247751 Succulent plants Amaranthaceae Amaranthaceae genera Taxa named by Pierre Edmond Boissier Taxa named by Alexander von Bung ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bienertia Cycloptera
''Bienertia cycloptera'' is a species of flowering plant that is native to the Middle East, south-eastern Europe, and central Asia. It is a succulent, smooth annual plant with long, curved, cylindrical leaves. Its flowers have both male and female reproducing parts and its fruits are small and spherical. ''Bienertia cycloptera'' grows in hot, dry climates with little rainfall and tolerates soils with high salinity levels very well. Due to its specific growing conditions, ''B. cycloptera'' is not a very common, nor widespread plant. Even over most of its range, it often grows sparsely in small patches of growth. One notable aspect of ''Bienertia cycloptera'' is its unique C4 photosynthesis mechanism. Unlike most C4 plants, in ''B. cycloptera'' the photosynthetic mechanism occurs within a single chlorenchyma cell, without Kranz anatomy. Distribution ''Bienertia cycloptera'' is located throughout the Middle East, south-eastern Europe, and central Asia. The plant can be found in Arme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bienertia Sinuspersici
''Bienertia sinuspersici'' is a flowering plant that currently is classified in the family ''Amaranthaceae'', although it was previously considered to belong to the family Chenopodiaceae. ''Bienertia sinuspersici'' conducts C4 photosynthesis, but lacks the two cell types, bundle sheath and mesophyll cells, that are typical of Kranz anatomy in most C4 plants. ''Bienertia sinuspersici'' and three other former chenopods ('' Suaeda aralocaspica'', ''Bienertia cycloptera'', and ''Bienertia kavirense'') instead conduct single-celled C4 photosynthesis within individual chlorenchyma cells. Single-celled C4 photosynthesis is achieved in ''Bienertia sinuspersici'' by the subcellular partitioning of dimorphic chloroplasts into two distinct cellular compartments, the central chloroplast compartment (CCC) and the peripheral chloroplast compartment (PCC). ''Bienertia sinuspersici'' is native to countries surrounding the Persian Gulf: Iran, Iraq, the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bienertia Kavirense
''Bienertia'' is a flowering plant genus that currently is classified in the family Amaranthaceae s.l. (including the family Chenopodiaceae). For long time, the genus was considered to consist only of one species, ''Bienertia cycloptera'', but in 2005 and 2012, two new species have been separated. Species of this genus have acquired an unusual, single-cell type of carbon fixation without Kranz anatomy, also found in some species of the closely related genus ''Suaeda''. Species * ''Bienertia cycloptera'' * '' Bienertia kavirense'' * ''Bienertia sinuspersici ''Bienertia sinuspersici'' is a flowering plant that currently is classified in the family ''Amaranthaceae'', although it was previously considered to belong to the family Chenopodiaceae. ''Bienertia sinuspersici'' conducts C4 photosynthesis, b ...'' References {{Taxonbar, from=Q8247751 Succulent plants Amaranthaceae Amaranthaceae genera Taxa named by Pierre Edmond Boissier Taxa named by Alexander von Bunge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
C4 Carbon Fixation
carbon fixation or the Hatch–Slack pathway is one of three known photosynthetic processes of carbon fixation in plants. It owes the names to the 1960's discovery by Marshall Davidson Hatch and Charles Roger Slack that some plants, when supplied with 14, incorporate the 14C label into four-carbon molecules first. fixation is an addition to the ancestral and more common carbon fixation. The main carboxylating enzyme in photosynthesis is called RuBisCO, which catalyses two distinct reactions using either (carboxylation) or oxygen (oxygenation) as a substrate. The latter process, oxygenation, gives rise to the wasteful process of photorespiration. photosynthesis reduces photorespiration by concentrating around RuBisCO. To ensure that RuBisCO works in an environment where there is a lot of carbon dioxide and very little oxygen, leaves generally differentiate two partially isolated compartments called mesophyll cells and bundle-sheath cells. is initially fixed in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amaranthaceae
Amaranthaceae is a family of flowering plants commonly known as the amaranth family, in reference to its type genus ''Amaranthus''. It includes the former goosefoot family Chenopodiaceae and contains about 165 genera and 2,040 species, making it the most species-rich lineage within its parent order, Caryophyllales. Description Vegetative characters Most species in the Amaranthaceae are annual or perennial herbs or subshrubs; others are shrubs; very few species are vines or trees. Some species are succulent. Many species have stems with thickened nodes. The wood of the perennial stem has a typical "anomalous" secondary growth; only in subfamily Polycnemoideae is secondary growth normal. The leaves are simple and mostly alternate, sometimes opposite. They never possess stipules. They are flat or terete, and their shape is extremely variable, with entire or toothed margins. In some species, the leaves are reduced to minute scales. In most cases, neither basal nor terminal aggrega ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chenopodiaceae
Amaranthaceae is a family of flowering plants commonly known as the amaranth family, in reference to its type genus ''Amaranthus''. It includes the former goosefoot family Chenopodiaceae and contains about 165 genera and 2,040 species, making it the most species-rich lineage within its parent order, Caryophyllales. Description Vegetative characters Most species in the Amaranthaceae are annual or perennial herbs or subshrubs; others are shrubs; very few species are vines or trees. Some species are succulent. Many species have stems with thickened nodes. The wood of the perennial stem has a typical "anomalous" secondary growth; only in subfamily Polycnemoideae is secondary growth normal. The leaves are simple and mostly alternate, sometimes opposite. They never possess stipules. They are flat or terete, and their shape is extremely variable, with entire or toothed margins. In some species, the leaves are reduced to minute scales. In most cases, neither basal nor terminal aggrega ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amaranthaceae Genera
Amaranthaceae is a family of flowering plants commonly known as the amaranth family, in reference to its type genus ''Amaranthus''. It includes the former goosefoot family Chenopodiaceae and contains about 165 genera and 2,040 species, making it the most species-rich lineage within its parent order, Caryophyllales. Description Vegetative characters Most species in the Amaranthaceae are annual or perennial herbs or subshrubs; others are shrubs; very few species are vines or trees. Some species are succulent. Many species have stems with thickened nodes. The wood of the perennial stem has a typical "anomalous" secondary growth; only in subfamily Polycnemoideae is secondary growth normal. The leaves are simple and mostly alternate, sometimes opposite. They never possess stipules. They are flat or terete, and their shape is extremely variable, with entire or toothed margins. In some species, the leaves are reduced to minute scales. In most cases, neither basal nor terminal agg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suaeda
__NOTOC__ ''Suaeda'' is a genus of plants also known as seepweeds and sea-blites. Most species are confined to saline or alkaline soil habitats, such as coastal salt-flats and tidal wetlands. Many species have thick, succulent leaves, a characteristic seen in various plant genera that thrive in salty habitats (halophile plants). There are about 110 species in the genus ''Suaeda''. The most common species in northwestern Europe is ''S. maritima''. It grows along the coasts, especially in saltmarsh areas, and is known in Britain as "common sea-blite", but as "herbaceous seepweed" in the USA. It is also common along the east coast of North America from Virginia northward. One of its varieties is common in tropical Asia on the land-side edge of mangrove tidal swamps. Another variety of this polymorphic species is common in tidal zones all around Australia (''Suaeda maritima var. australis'' is also classed as ''S. australis''). On the coasts of the Mediterranean Sea a common ''Sua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Georg Von Bunge
Alexander Georg von Bunge (russian: Алекса́ндр Андре́евич Бу́нге; – ) was a Russian botanist. He is best remembered for scientific expeditions into Asia and especially Siberia. Early life and education Bunge was born under the name, Alexander Andreevič von Bunge on in Kyiv as second son of a family that belonged to the German minority in Tsarist Russia. HIs father, Andreas Theodor was a pharmacist who had emigrated from East Prussia to Russia with his grandfather in the 18th century and his mother, Elisabeth von Bunge, . They moved to Dorpat in 1815 after his father's death in 1814 and attended highschool from 1818 to 1821. He was educated at Dorpat and where he passed through the gymnasium during the period of 1821–1825. Then, he studied medicine and obtained his Doctorate of Medicine from University of Tartu on 1825. He also studied botany there under Carl Friedrich von Ledebour and completed his thesis entitled ''De relatione methodi plant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pierre Edmond Boissier
Pierre Edmond Boissier (25 May 1810 Geneva – 25 September 1885 Valeyres-sous-Rances) was a Swiss prominent botanist, explorer and mathematician. He was the son of Jacques Boissier (1784-1857) and Caroline Butini (1786-1836), daughter of Pierre Butini (1759-1838) a well-known physician and naturalist from Geneva. With his sister, Valérie Boissier (1813-1894), he received a strict education with lessons delivered in Italian and Latin. Edmond's interest in natural history stemmed from holidays in the company of his mother and his grandfather, Pierre Butini at Valeyres-sous-Rances. His hikes in the Jura and the Alps laid the foundation of his zest for later exploration and adventure. He attended a course at the Academy of Geneva given by Augustin Pyramus de Candolle. Edmond Boissier collected extensively in Europe, North Africa and western Asia, on occasion accompanied by his daughter, Caroline Barbey-Boissier (1847-1918) and her husband, William Barbey (1842-1914), who collect ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flowering Plant
Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel') and ('seed'), and refers to those plants that produce their seeds enclosed within a fruit. They are by far the most diverse group of land plants with 64 orders, 416 families, approximately 13,000 known genera and 300,000 known species. Angiosperms were formerly called Magnoliophyta (). Like gymnosperms, angiosperms are seed-producing plants. They are distinguished from gymnosperms by characteristics including flowers, endosperm within their seeds, and the production of fruits that contain the seeds. The ancestors of flowering plants diverged from the common ancestor of all living gymnosperms before the end of the Carboniferous, over 300 million years ago. The closest fossil relatives of flowering plants are uncertain and contentious. The earliest angiosperm fossils ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Family (taxonomy)
Family ( la, familia, plural ') is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between order and genus. A family may be divided into subfamilies, which are intermediate ranks between the ranks of family and genus. The official family names are Latin in origin; however, popular names are often used: for example, walnut trees and hickory trees belong to the family Juglandaceae, but that family is commonly referred to as the "walnut family". What belongs to a family—or if a described family should be recognized at all—are proposed and determined by practicing taxonomists. There are no hard rules for describing or recognizing a family, but in plants, they can be characterized on the basis of both vegetative and reproductive features of plant species. Taxonomists often take different positions about descriptions, and there may be no broad consensus across the scientific community for some time. The publishing of new data and opini ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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