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Benteng Chinese
Benteng people (Indonesian: Orang Cina Benteng or Orang Tionghoa Benteng) are a Chinese Indonesian community of 'Peranakan' or mixed descent, native to the historic Tangerang area in the modern-day Indonesian provinces of Jakarta, Banten and West Java. Etymology The name 'Benteng' is derived from the Malay word for 'fortress', used formerly to refer to the historic Tangerang area. It refers to a colonial fortress on the banks of the Cisadane River, built by the Dutch East India Company in the seventeenth century as part of their defence system against the neighbouring Sultanate of Banten. History Origin According to a Sundanese manuscript ''Tina Layang Parahyang'' (''Notes from Parahyangan''), the Chinese community of Batavia and Tangerang has existed since at least 1407 CE. This manuscript recounts the arrival of among the earliest Chinese migrants to the area, led by a certain Tjen Tjie Lung, also dubbed 'Halung'. They landed at the mouth of the Cisadane river, now called ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cina Benteng Wedding
Cina, Cinà or CINA may refer to: People *Chinas or Chīnaḥ (Sanskrit चीन (cīna)), a people mentioned in ancient Indian literature from the first millennium BC *Kapitan Cina, a high-ranking government position in the civil administration of colonial Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Borneo and the Philippines Given name * Cina Lawson, Togolese politician * Cina Munch (born 1971), Fijian swimmer * Cina Soul, Ghanaian singer-songwriter and recording artist Surname * Frederick A. Cina (1908-1984), American lawyer and politician * Jan Cina (born 1988), Czech artist dancer, actor and vocalist of Romani descent * Michele Cinà (born 1956), Italian long-distance runner Media *CINA Media Group, an owner of Canadian radio stations **CINA (AM), based in Mississauga, Ontario, Canada **CINA-FM, based in Windsor, Ontario, Canada ** CKIN-FM, also known as Radio CINA, based in Montreal, Quebec, Canada Abbreviations * Canadian Indigenous Nurses Association Others *Former Buginese lost ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cisadane River
The Cisadane River is a long river in northern West Java, Indonesia. The river has its source at Mount Pangrango, and passes through Bogor and Tangerang before flowing to the Java Sea. The rivers in Banten, the westernmost province of Java, run roughly parallel to each other. The main ones are the Peteh, called the Banten on the lower reaches near the city of Kota Banten, the Ujung, which enters the sea at Pontang, the Durian, which enters the sea at Tanara, the Manceuri, and the Sadane. The Ci Sadane rises in the mountainous region of Priyangan and in 1682 formed the border between the Dutch East India Company (VOC) territory and Batavia (modern Jakarta). The Durian, Manceuri and Sadane rivers flow through the Tangerang Plain. In 1911 the colonial government started to prepare an irrigation plan, and in 1914 determined that various tracts in the plain should be subject to compulsory purchase for this purpose. In 1919 a plan was issued where the north of the plain would be i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rosihan Anwar
Rosihan Anwar (10 May 1922 – 14 April 2011) was a renowned Indonesian journalist and author. Rosihan Anwar was born in Kubang Nan Dua, West Sumatra. Rosihan received his early education at HIS and MULO in Padang. He continued his studies at Algemene Middelbare School (AMS) in Yogyakarta and often participated in journalism workshops at Columbia University, New York. His career began as reporter in ''Asia Raja'' newspaper during the Japanese Invasion of Indonesia. In 1947, he founded ''Siasat'' magazine. He was also the founder and editor of ''Pedoman'' newspaper, which was twice forcibly closed by Sukarno regime (1961) and Suharto's New Order administration (1974), because of its vocal criticism of the authoritarian regime. Rosihan also acted in several movies such as Lagi-lagi Krisis (Crisis Again), Karmila, and Tjoet Nja’ Dien Rosihan Anwar was not interested in power, but was more a man of conscience and culture. He wrote critiques in local and foreign media. He was on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Overseas Chinese
Overseas Chinese () refers to people of Chinese birth or ethnicity who reside outside Mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan. As of 2011, there were over 40.3 million overseas Chinese. Terminology () or ''Hoan-kheh'' () in Hokkien, refers to people of Chinese citizenship residing outside of either the PRC or ROC (Taiwan). The government of China realized that the overseas Chinese could be an asset, a source of foreign investment and a bridge to overseas knowledge; thus, it began to recognize the use of the term Huaqiao. Ching-Sue Kuik renders in English as "the Chinese sojourner" and writes that the term is "used to disseminate, reinforce, and perpetuate a monolithic and essentialist Chinese identity" by both the PRC and the ROC. The modern informal internet term () refers to returned overseas Chinese and ''guīqiáo qiáojuàn'' () to their returning relatives. () refers to people of Chinese origin residing outside of China, regardless of citizenship. Another ofte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Royal Netherlands East Indies Army
The Royal Netherlands East Indies Army ( nl, Koninklijk Nederlands Indisch Leger; KNIL, ) was the military force maintained by the Kingdom of the Netherlands in its colony of the Dutch East Indies, in areas that are now part of Indonesia. The KNIL's air arm was the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army Air Force. Elements of the Royal Netherlands Navy and Government Navy were also stationed in the Netherlands East Indies. History 1814–1942 The KNIL was formed by royal decree on 14 September 1814. It was not part of the Royal Netherlands Army, but a separate military arm specifically formed for service in the Netherlands East Indies. Its establishment coincided with the Dutch drive to expand colonial rule from the 17th century area of control to the far larger territories constituting the Dutch East Indies seventy years later. The KNIL was involved in many campaigns against indigenous groups in the area including the Padri War (1821–1845), the Java War (1825–1830), crushin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ancestor Veneration In China
Chinese ancestor veneration, also called Chinese ancestor worship, is an aspect of the Chinese traditional religion which revolves around the ritual celebration of the deified ancestors and tutelary deities of people with the same surname organised into lineage societies in ancestral shrines. Ancestors, their ghosts, or spirits, and gods are considered part of "this world". They are neither supernatural (in the sense of being outside nature) nor transcendent in the sense of being beyond nature. The ancestors are humans who have become godly beings, beings who keep their individual identities. For this reason, Chinese religion is founded on veneration of ancestors. Ancestors are believed to be a means of connection to the supreme power of Tian as they are considered embodiments or reproducers of the creative order of Heaven. It is a major aspect of Han Chinese religion, but the custom has also spread to ethnic minority groups. Ancestor veneration is largely focused on male ance ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indonesian Revolution
The Indonesian National Revolution, or the Indonesian War of Independence, was an armed conflict and diplomatic struggle between the Republic of Indonesia and the Dutch Empire and an internal social revolution during postwar and postcolonial Indonesia. It took place between Indonesia's declaration of independence in 1945 and the Netherlands' transfer of sovereignty over the Dutch East Indies to the Republic of the United States of Indonesia at the end of 1949. The four-year struggle involved sporadic but bloody armed conflict, internal Indonesian political and communal upheavals, and two major international diplomatic interventions. Dutch military forces (and, for a while, the forces of the World War II allies) were able to control the major towns, cities and industrial assets in Republican heartlands on Java and Sumatra but could not control the countryside. By 1949, international pressure on the Netherlands, the United States threatening to cut off all economic aid for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mona Lohanda
Mona Lohanda (4 November 1947 – 16 January 2021) was an Indonesian historian, archivist and academic, as well as a curator of the National Archives of Indonesia. She was a leading authority on the history of Batavia, as well as its Chinese-Indonesian community. Early life On 4 November 1947, Lohanda was born in Tangerang, Indonesia. Lohanda comes from a Benteng Chinese family. Lohanda grew up in Tangerang, Indonesia. Education In 1975, Lohanda graduated with a B.A. degree from the Faculty of Literature, University of Indonesia. Lohanda was encouraged by the Indonesian historian Harsja Bachtiar to focus on Chinese-Indonesian history. In 1994, Lohanda earned a M.A. from the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. Career In 1972, Lohanda commenced work at the National Archives of Indonesia, where she later specialized on the Dutch East India Company (VOC) period of colonial Indonesia, especially the period between 1683 and 1806. She compiled an index ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kapitan Cina
Kapitan Cina, also spelled Kapitan China or Capitan China ( en, Captain of the Chinese; ; nl, Kapitein der Chinezen), was a high-ranking government position in the civil administration of colonial Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Borneo and the Philippines. Office holders exercised varying degrees of power and influence: from near-sovereign political and legal jurisdiction over local Chinese communities, to ceremonial precedence for community leaders. Corresponding posts existed for other ethnic groups, such as Kapitan Arab and Kapitan Keling for the local Arab and Indian communities respectively. Pre-colonial origin The origin of the office, under various different native titles, goes back to court positions in the precolonial states of Southeast Asia, such as the Sultanates of Malacca in the Malay peninsula, the Sultanate of Banten in Java, and the Kingdom of Siam in mainland Southeast Asia.Ooi, Keat Gin. ''Southeast Asia: A Historical Encyclopedia, From Angkor Wat to Eas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1740 Batavia Massacre
The 1740 Batavia massacre ( nl, Chinezenmoord, lit=Murder of the Chinese; id, Geger Pacinan, lit=Chinatown tumult) was a massacre and pogrom in which European soldiers of the Dutch East India Company and Javanese collaborators killed ethnic Chinese residents of the port city of Batavia (present-day Jakarta) in the Dutch East Indies. The violence in the city lasted from 9 October 1740, until 22 October, with minor skirmishes outside the walls continuing late into November that year. Historians have estimated that at least 10,000 ethnic Chinese were massacred; just 600 to 3,000 are believed to have survived. In September 1740, as unrest rose among the Chinese population, spurred by government repression and declining sugar prices, Governor-General Adriaan Valckenier declared that any uprising would be met with deadly force. On 7 October, hundreds of ethnic Chinese, many of them sugar mill workers, killed 50 Dutch soldiers, leading Dutch troops to confiscate all weapons fro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boen Tek Bio
Boen Tek Bio (Chinese: 文德廟, English: Temple of Literature and Virtue) is the oldest Chinese temple in Tangerang, Indonesia. It is located at the corner of Jalan Bhakti and Jalan Cilame in the heart of Pasar Lama, Tangerang's old market district. Founded in 1684, Boen Tek Bio is an intrinsic part of the history of Tangerang, in particular the history of Chinese settlement in the area (see: Benteng Chinese). The oldest part of the present structure dates back to 1775. The temple underwent significant renovation in 1844 with its right and left wings added in 1875, and an inner courtyard in 1904. Boen Tek Bio has a long history of association with the colonial Chinese bureaucracy ('Kapitan Cina') of Tangerang. The donors for the temple's burial grounds in 1878 include all of the sitting Chinese officers of Tangerang: * Lim Tjong Hien, Kapitein der Chinezen * Lim Mo Gie, Luitenant der Chinezen * Oey Khe Tay, Luitenant der Chinezen * Tan Tiang Po, Luitenant der Chinezen The t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parahyangan
Parahyangan ( su, ᮕᮛᮠᮡᮀᮠᮔ᮪; Bantenese: Priangan; Dutch: Preanger) is a cultural and mountainous region in West Java province on the Indonesian island of Java. Covering a little less than one sixth of Java, it is the heartland of Sundanese people and their culture. It is bordered to the West by Banten province, to the North by the northern coast region of Subang, Cirebon and Indramayu (former residencies of Batavia and Cheribon), to the east by Central Java province (former residencies of Banyumas and Pekalongan), and to the south by the Indian Ocean. Etymology The name "Parahyangan" has its origins from Sundanese words that mean "the abode of hyangs (gods)". Parahyangan is a mountainous region, and ancient Indonesians believed that the gods resided in the mountain tops. A Sundanese legend of Sangkuriang contains the memory of the prehistoric ancient lake in Bandung basin highland, which suggests that the Sundanese had already inhabited the region since the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
