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Battle Of Kirkhbulakh
The Battle of Kirkhbulakh or Battle of Kirbulakh ( ka, ყირხბულახის ბრძოლა) was fought in 1751 in the village of Kirkhbulakh between Georgian and Azad Khan Afghan armies commanded by Heraclius II and Azad-Khan respectively. Battle began with the advantage of the warlord Azad Khan, but with brilliant leadership of King Heraclius Georgians managed to rout the enemy. Background Azad-Khan Afghan, the Khan of Tabriz had ended up in far western Persia many hundreds of miles away from his native land during the reign of Nader Shah. Following the latter's death, he turned into a lone warlord, as well as a pretender to the Persian throne, looking forward to extend his dominion. He took advantage of the defeat of the Georgians against Haji Chalabi Khan. Putting his army under the command of a certain Mohammad Khan, evicted from Georgia earlier, the siege of Yerevan was ordered. Heraclius quickly assembled a small army and marched to lift the siege. Upon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgia (country)
Georgia (, ; ) is a transcontinental country at the intersection of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It is part of the Caucasus region, bounded by the Black Sea to the west, by Russia to the north and northeast, by Turkey to the southwest, by Armenia to the south, and by Azerbaijan to the southeast. The country covers an area of , and has a population of 3.7 million people. Tbilisi is its capital as well as its largest city, home to roughly a third of the Georgian population. During the classical era, several independent kingdoms became established in what is now Georgia, such as Colchis and Iberia. In the early 4th century, ethnic Georgians officially adopted Christianity, which contributed to the spiritual and political unification of the early Georgian states. In the Middle Ages, the unified Kingdom of Georgia emerged and reached its Golden Age during the reign of King David IV and Queen Tamar in the 12th and early 13th centuries. Thereafter, the kingdom decl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haji Chalabi Khan
Haji Chalabi Khan (; 1703 1755), was a statesman, warlord, ruler and founder of Shaki Khanate. Origin Born to a certain landlord Gurban beg during the reign of Sultan Husayn in 1703, he was of noble birth. Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary cites a legend calling him the grandson of an Armenian priest who converted to Islam. Biographer Haji Seyid Abdulhamid mentions him as a 7th generation descendant of Darvish Mohammad Khan, last khan of Shaki before Safavid Invasion of Shirvan. Petrushevsky also thought of him being either Udi or Armenian origin. There are also some indications that he may have been descended from Shirvanshahs. Rebellion against Nader Shah He was supported by locals in opposition to corrupt Afsharid appointed viceroy Malik Najaf. His name was frequently mentioned in annals regarding to Nader's Dagestan campaign. He was confirmed by Nader as an overseer to check corruption of Malik Najaf. However viceroy protested against it, causing locals to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battles Involving The Kingdom Of Kakheti
A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force commitment. An engagement with only limited commitment between the forces and without decisive results is sometimes called a skirmish. The word "battle" can also be used infrequently to refer to an entire operational campaign, although this usage greatly diverges from its conventional or customary meaning. Generally, the word "battle" is used for such campaigns if referring to a protracted combat encounter in which either one or both of the combatants had the same methods, resources, and strategic objectives throughout the encounter. Some prominent examples of this would be the Battle of the Atlantic, Battle of Britain, and Battle of Stalingrad, all in World War II. Wars and military campaigns are guided by military strategy, whereas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lekianoba
Lekianoba ( ka, ლეკიანობა) was the name given to sporadic forays by Northeast Caucasian people into Georgia (country), Georgia from the 16th to the 19th centuries. The term is derived from ''Leki'', by which the Georgians knew the Lezgins, Lezgin people, with the Suffix (linguistics), suffix –''anoba'', which designates attribution. The references to these raids appear in the epic poetry of the Avar Khanate, Avars; the names of rulers who lead the most devastating attacks, Umma-Khan, Nursal-Bek, and Mallachi, are mentioned in Georgian sources. The attacks began with the disintegration of the Kingdom of Georgia and the subsequent decline of its successor states in the incessant defence warfare against the Safavid Empire, Persian and Ottoman Empires. In the late 16th century, part of the Georgian marchlands in the Kingdom of Kakheti, later known as Saingilo, was given by the Persian shah Abbas I of Persia, Abbas I to his Dagestani allies, creating a base for subs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khanates Of The Caucasus
The khanates of the Caucasus, also known as the Azerbaijani khanates, Persian khanates, or Iranian khanates, were various provinces and principalities established by Persia (Iran) on their territories in the Caucasus (modern-day Azerbaijan Republic, Armenia, Georgia and Dagestan) from the late Safavid to the Qajar dynasty. The Khanates were mostly ruled by Khans of Turkic ( Azerbaijani) origin and were vassals and subjects of the Iranian Shah (English: ''King''). The khans neither had territorial or religious unity, nor an ethnic/national identity. They were mostly interested in perserving their positions and income. Persia permanently lost a part of these khanates to Russia as a result of the Russo-Persian Wars in the course of the 19th century, while the others were absorbed into Persia. List The khanates that soon emerged after the death of Nader Shah in 1747 were the following:; * Baku Khanate (1806 occupied and annexed to Russia) * Derbent Khanate (1806 occupied and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Etchmiadzin Cathedral
Etchmiadzin Cathedral) or simply Etchmiadzin. Alternatively spelled as Echmiadzin, Ejmiatsin, and Edjmiadsin. ( hy, Էջմիածնի մայր տաճար, Ēǰmiatsni mayr tačar) is the mother church of the Armenian Apostolic Church, located in the city dually known as Etchmiadzin (Ejmiatsin) or Vagharshapat, Armenia. It is usually considered the first cathedral built in ancient Armenia, and is often considered the oldest cathedral in the world. The original church was built in the early fourth century—between 301 and 303 according to tradition—by Armenia's patron saint Gregory the Illuminator, following the adoption of Christianity as a state religion by King Tiridates III. It was built over a pagan temple, symbolizing the conversion from paganism to Christianity. The core of the current building was built in 483/4 by Vahan Mamikonian after the cathedral was severely damaged in a Persian invasion. From its foundation until the second half of the fifth century, Etchmia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erivan Fortress
Erivan Fortress ( hy, Երևանի բերդը; ''Yerevani berdë''; fa, قلعه ایروان, ''Ghaleh-ye Iravân''; russian: Эриванская крепость ''E'rivanskaya krepost' '') was a 16th-century fortress in Yerevan. History The fortress was built during the Ottoman rule in 1582–83 by Serdar Ferhat Pasha. The fortress was destroyed by an earthquake in 1679. After the earthquake, the Safavid governor of Erivan, Zal Khan, asked the Shah for help to rebuild Erivan, including the fortress and the Palace of the Sardars. On 12 July 1679, the Safavid vice-regent of Azerbaijan (historic Azerbaijan, also known as ''Iranian Azerbaijan''), Mirza Ibrahim, visited Erivan. He was directed to recover the fortress, the seat of the governor of Erivan. Many villagers from Ganja, Agulis and Dasht (Nakhchivan) were moved to Erivan to rebuild the fortress. The forced labor continued until winter. Later, the Shah allowed everyone to return to their homes. The reconstruction o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tabriz Khanate
The Tabriz Khanate ( fa, خانات تبریز, Azerbaijani language, Azerbaijani: تبریز خانلیغی) was a Khanates of the Caucasus, Caucasian Khanate from 1757 to 1799, centered around Tabriz and led by members of the Turkification, Turkified Kurds, Kurdish Donboli (tribe), Donboli tribe. History Founding Until the end of the Safavid dynasty, the city of Tabriz and the surrounding regions belonged to Iran and was the capital of the province (beglarbegi) of Azerbaijan. The first khan of Tabriz, Najaf Qoli Khan, had entered the service of Nader Shah after he took Khoy from the Ottomans in 1734. He would accompany many of Nader Shah's later expeditions. After the death of Nader Shah Afshar, his empire was divided among his heirs, former Afsharid generals, and local militias and tribes. With the war of succession between the Qajar and Zand dynasty, Zand princes for the throne of Iran, the Donboli lords of Khoy and Salmas established their rule in Tabriz and extended their ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yerevan
Yerevan ( , , hy, Երևան , sometimes spelled Erevan) is the capital and largest city of Armenia and one of the world's List of oldest continuously inhabited cities, oldest continuously inhabited cities. Situated along the Hrazdan River, Yerevan is the administrative, cultural, and industrial center of the country, as its primate city. It has been the Historical capitals of Armenia, capital since 1918, the Historical capitals of Armenia, fourteenth in the history of Armenia and the seventh located in or around the Ararat Plain. The city also serves as the seat of the Araratian Pontifical Diocese, which is the largest diocese of the Armenian Apostolic Church and one of the oldest dioceses in the world. The history of Yerevan dates back to the 8th century BCE, with the founding of the fortress of Erebuni Fortress, Erebuni in 782 BCE by King Argishti I of Urartu, Argishti I of Urartu at the western extreme of the Ararat Plain. Erebuni was "designed as a great administrative an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Azad-Khan Afghan
Azād Khān Afghān (Persian, ps, آزاد خان افغان), or Azād Shāh Afghān () (died 1781), was a Pashtun military commander and a major contender for supremacy in western Iran after the death of Nader Shah Afshar in 1747.Perry, J. R. (1987), "Āzād Khan Afḡān", in: ''Encyclopædia Iranica'', Vol. III, Fasc. 2, pp. 173-174Online(Accessed February 20, 2012). Azad rose to power between 1752 and 1757, and had his power base in the Azarbaijan region (at various points in his career occupying parts of Central and Western Iran, as well as Kurdistan and Gilan). Azad was a contemporary of Ahmad Shah Durrani, the founder of the Durrani Empire. Early life career Azad was born in Andar town in the east of Ghazni, Afghanistan, into the Andar clan of the Ghilji Pashtun confederacy. He was reportedly a descendant of Mirwais Hotak. He joined Nader Shah's army around 1738 and took part in his campaigns in India and Iran. At the time of Nader's murder, he was second-in-command to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Azad Khan Afghan
Azād Khān Afghān (Persian, ps, آزاد خان افغان), or Azād Shāh Afghān () (died 1781), was a Pashtun military commander and a major contender for supremacy in western Iran after the death of Nader Shah Afshar in 1747.Perry, J. R. (1987), "Āzād Khan Afḡān", in: ''Encyclopædia Iranica'', Vol. III, Fasc. 2, pp. 173-174Online(Accessed February 20, 2012). Azad rose to power between 1752 and 1757, and had his power base in the Azarbaijan region (at various points in his career occupying parts of Central and Western Iran, as well as Kurdistan and Gilan). Azad was a contemporary of Ahmad Shah Durrani, the founder of the Durrani Empire. Early life career Azad was born in Andar town in the east of Ghazni, Afghanistan, into the Andar clan of the Ghilji Pashtun confederacy. He was reportedly a descendant of Mirwais Hotak. He joined Nader Shah's army around 1738 and took part in his campaigns in India and Iran. At the time of Nader's murder, he was second-in-command to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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