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Barciany
Barciany (; german: Barten) is a village in Kętrzyn County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Barciany. It lies approximately north of Kętrzyn and north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn. Its name originates from the name of an Old Prussian tribe, the Bartians. An Ordensburg was erected in 1325, but stone was not used until 1377. The village has a population of 1,100. Notable people * Hermann Gemmel (1813 in Barten – 1868 in Königsberg) was a German architect, painter, and art teacher at the Kunstakademie Königsberg The Kunstakademie at its original Königstraße location The Kunstakademie at its original Königstraße location The Kunstakademie Königsberg was a visual arts school in Königsberg, Germany. It focused on genre works, landscape art, and marine .... References * Villages in Kętrzyn County Castles of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gmina Barciany
__NOTOC__ Gmina Barciany is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kętrzyn County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, on the border with Russia. Its seat is the village of Barciany, which lies approximately north of Kętrzyn and north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,735. Villages Gmina Barciany contains the villages and settlements of: * Aptynty * Arklity * Asuny * Barciany * Błędowo * Bobrowo * Cacki * Czaczek * Dębiany * Dobrzykowo * Drogosze * Duje * Frączkowo * Garbnik * Garbno * Gęsie Góry * Gęsiki * Gęsiniec Wielki * Glinka * Główczyno * Górki * Gradowo * Gumniska * Kiemławki Małe * Kiemławki Wielkie * Kolwiny * Kotki * Krelikiejmy * Krymławki * Krzeczewo * Kudwiny * Maciejki * Markławka * Markuzy * Michałkowo * Modgarby * Mołtajny * Momajny * Moruny * Niedziałki * Niedziały * O ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barciany Castle
Barciany Castle (german: Ordensburg Barten), is a 14th-century Teutonic Castle in Barciany village in Kętrzyn County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. History Barciany Castle was first mentioned in 1325 as a wooden structure. In the late 14th century the Grand Master of the Teutonic Order Winrich von Kniprode decided to place the seat of a Komtur. The construction of a brick castle started in 1377, ending around 1400, with later additions in the 15th century. The castle remained under the rule of the Order until the moment of its secularization, when it became the seat of the steward of a local estate. The castle was a private property from the 19th century until 1945. After World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ... it was turned into ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kętrzyn County
__NOTOC__ Kętrzyn County ( pl, powiat kętrzyński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland, on the border with Russia. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Kętrzyn (former Rastembork), which lies north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn. The county also contains the towns of Reszel, lying west of Kętrzyn, and Korsze, north-west of Kętrzyn. The county covers an area of . As of 2006 its total population is 66,165, out of which the population of Kętrzyn is 28,000, that of Reszel is 5,098, that of Korsze is 4,632, and the rural population is 28,435. Neighbouring counties Kętrzyn County is bordered by Węgorzewo County and Giżycko County to the east, Mrągowo County to the south, and Olsztyn County and Bartoszyce County to the west. It also borders Russia (Kaliningrad Oblast) to the no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hermann Gemmel
Hermann Johann Ernst Gemmel (28 November 1813 – 22 March 1868) was a German architect, painter, and art teacher at the Kunstakademie Königsberg. Hermann Gemmel was born in Barten, East Prussia (now Barciany, Poland) in 1813. He studied painting with Karl Eduard Biermann, Wilhelm Schirmer, and Franz Krüger at the Academy of Arts, Berlin, and specialized in architecture painting, mainly sights from Germany and Italy. He became in 1855 the professor of perspective and architecture at the Kunstakademie Königsberg, and died in Königsberg Königsberg (, ) was the historic Prussian city that is now Kaliningrad, Russia. Königsberg was founded in 1255 on the site of the ancient Old Prussian settlement ''Twangste'' by the Teutonic Knights during the Northern Crusades, and was name ... in 1868. Notes 1813 births 1868 deaths People from Kętrzyn County People from East Prussia German art educators 19th-century German painters 19th-century German male artist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ordensburg
''Ordensburg'' (plural ''Ordensburgen'') is a German term meaning "castles/fortresses of (military) orders", and is used specifically for such fortified structures built by crusading German military orders during the Middle Ages. Medieval Ordensburgen The Ordensburgs were originally constructed by the Livonian Brothers of the Sword and later the Teutonic Knights to fortify territory in Prussia and Livonia captured from the native populations - Old Prussians, Lithuanians and native peoples of what is now Latvia and Estonia. Later, Ordensburgs were used to attack Lithuania. Since they were built and used by religious military orders, the Ordensburgs often resembled cloisters. While they were considerably larger than those in the Holy Roman Empire, they were much scarcer in the Monastic state of the Teutonic Knights. While a normal castle in the Reich would control about 38 km2, a castle would control 370 km2 in Prussia and 789 km2 in Livonia, Courland and Estonia. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gmina
The gmina (Polish: , plural ''gminy'' , from German ''Gemeinde'' meaning ''commune'') is the principal unit of the administrative division of Poland, similar to a municipality. , there were 2,477 gminas throughout the country, encompassing over 43,000 villages. 940 gminas include cities and towns, with 302 among them constituting an independent urban gmina ( pl, gmina miejska) consisting solely of a standalone town or one of the 107 cities, the latter governed by a city mayor (''prezydent miasta''). The gmina has been the basic unit of territorial division in Poland since 1974, when it replaced the smaller gromada (cluster). Three or more gminas make up a higher level unit called powiat, except for those holding the status of a city with powiat rights. Each and every powiat has the seat in a city or town, in the latter case either an urban gmina or a part of an urban-rural one. Types There are three types of gmina: #302 urban gmina ( pl, gmina miejska) constituted either by a sta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kunstakademie Königsberg
The Kunstakademie at its original Königstraße location The Kunstakademie at its original Königstraße location The Kunstakademie Königsberg was a visual arts school in Königsberg, Germany. It focused on genre works, landscape art, and marine art, especially of East Prussia, as well as sculpture and architecture. It regularly consisted of 8 teachers and 40–50 students.Albinus, p. 188 History The Kunst- und Zeichenschule (art and drawing school), or Kunstschule (art school), was founded at Königsberg Castle in 1790. In 1833 the Governor of Prussia, Theodor von Schön, desired to open a public hall to exhibit works for the city's municipal art gallery, university, and art school.Bötticher, p. 145 On 10 March 1838 King Frederick William III of Prussia granted the Kleiner Jägerhof palace on Königstraße in eastern Königsberg for this purpose. The Kleiner Jägerhof was dismantled and a new structure was built from 1838 to 1841 in the classical style.Gause II, p. 479 Sch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bartians
The Bartians (also ''Barthi'', ''Barthoni'', ''Bartens'', or ''Barti'') were an Old Prussian tribe who were among the last natives following a pre-Christian religion before the Northern Crusades forced their conversion to Christianity at the cost of a high percentage of the native population. They lived in Bartia (also ''Bartenland'' or ''Barthonia''), a territory that stretched from the middle and lower flow of Łyna river, by the Liwna river, and Lake Mamry, up to the Galindian woods. The territory is quite precisely known from description in ''Chronicon terrae Prussiae'', dated 1326. The same description mentions two provinces, the Major Barta and the Minor Barta. The territory was quite densely populated, as confirmed by abundant archeological findings. Before the wars with the Teutonic Knights, the population was estimated to be at 17,000. The Bartians, along with the other Prussians, were conquered by the Teutonic Knights, who Christianized them under duress, brought in se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Old Prussians
Old Prussians, Baltic Prussians or simply Prussians (Old Prussian: ''prūsai''; german: Pruzzen or ''Prußen''; la, Pruteni; lv, prūši; lt, prūsai; pl, Prusowie; csb, Prësowié) were an indigenous tribe among the Baltic peoples that inhabited the region of Prussia, at the south-eastern shore of the Baltic Sea between the Vistula Lagoon to the west and the Curonian Lagoon to the east. The Old Prussians, who spoke an Indo-European language now known as Old Prussian and worshipped pre-Christian deities, lent their name, despite very few commonalities, to the later, predominantly Low German-speaking inhabitants of the region. The duchy of the Polans under Mieszko I, which was the predecessor of the Kingdom of Poland, first attempted to conquer and baptize the Baltic tribes during the 10th century, but repeatedly encountered strong resistance. Not until the 13th century were the Old Prussians subjugated and their lands conquered by the Teutonic Order. The remaining Old Prus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Olsztyn
Olsztyn ( , ; german: Allenstein ; Old Prussian: ''Alnāsteini'' * Latin: ''Allenstenium'', ''Holstin'') is a city on the Łyna River in northern Poland. It is the capital of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, and is a city with county rights. The population of the city was estimated at 169,793 residents in 2021. Olsztyn is the largest city in Warmia, and has been the capital of the voivodeship since 1999. In the same year, the University of Warmia and Masuria was founded from the fusion of three other local universities. Today, the Castle of Warmian Cathedral Chapter houses a museum and is a venue for concerts, art exhibitions, film shows and other cultural events, which make Olsztyn a popular tourist destination. The city is the seat of the Archbishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Warmia The most important sights of the city include the medieval Old Town and the St. James Pro-cathedral (former St. James Parish Church), which dates back more than 600 years. The ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kętrzyn
Kętrzyn (, until 1946 ''Rastembork''; german: link=yes, Rastenburg ) is a town in northeastern Poland with 27,478 inhabitants (2019). Situated in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship (since 1999), Kętrzyn was previously in Olsztyn Voivodeship (1975–1998). It is the capital of Kętrzyn County. The town was named after historian Wojciech Kętrzyński in 1946. The first settlement was established in 1329 and Rastenburg was granted town rights and privileges in 1357. Over the centuries it was part of the Teutonic State, Poland and East Prussia in Germany. The town is known for the surrounding Masurian Lakeland and numerous monuments of historical value such as the Wolf's Lair in nearby Gierłoż, where an assassination attempt against Hitler was made in 1944. History The original inhabitants of the region were the Balt tribe of the Aesti, mentioned by Tacitus in his ''Germania'' (AD 98). The town, known in German as ''Rastenburg'' and in Polish as ''Rastembork'', was establish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kaliningrad Oblast
Kaliningrad Oblast (russian: Калинингра́дская о́бласть, translit=Kaliningradskaya oblast') is the westernmost federal subject of Russia. It is a semi-exclave situated on the Baltic Sea. The largest city and administrative centre of the province (oblast) is the city of Kaliningrad, formerly known as Königsberg. The port city of Baltiysk is Russia's only port on the Baltic Sea that remains ice-free in winter. Kaliningrad Oblast had a population of roughly 1 million in the Russian Census of 2010. The oblast is bordered by Poland to the south, Lithuania to the north and east and the Baltic Sea to the north-west. The territory was formerly the northern part of the Prussian province of East Prussia; the remaining southern part of the province is today part of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship in Poland. With the defeat of Nazi Germany in World War II, the territory was annexed to the Russian SFSR by the Soviet Union. Following the post-war migrat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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