Banka Language
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Banka Language
Banka, or Bankagooma, is a minor Mande language of Mali. There is a reasonable degree of mutual intelligibility In linguistics, mutual intelligibility is a relationship between languages or dialects in which speakers of different but related varieties can readily understand each other without prior familiarity or special effort. It is sometimes used as an ... with Duun. References Samogo languages Languages of Mali {{Mande-lang-stub ...
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Mali
Mali (; ), officially the Republic of Mali,, , ff, šž¤ˆšž¤«šž¤²šž„†šž¤£šž¤¢šž„„šž¤²šž¤£šž¤­ šž¤ƒšž¤¢šž„„šž¤¤šž¤­, Renndaandi Maali, italics=no, ar, Ų¬Ł…Ł‡ŁˆŲ±ŁŠŲ© Ł…Ų§Ł„ŁŠ, JumhÅ«riyyāt MālÄ« is a landlocked country in West Africa. Mali is the eighth-largest country in Africa, with an area of over . The population of Mali is  million. 67% of its population was estimated to be under the age of 25 in 2017. Its capital and largest city is Bamako. The sovereign state of Mali consists of eight regions and its borders on the north reach deep into the middle of the Sahara Desert. The country's southern part is in the Sudanian savanna, where the majority of inhabitants live, and both the Niger and Senegal rivers pass through. The country's economy centres on agriculture and mining. One of Mali's most prominent natural resources is gold, and the country is the third largest producer of gold on the African continent. It also exports salt. Present-day Mali was once part of t ...
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Nigerā€“Congo Languages
Nigerā€“Congo is a hypothetical language family spoken over the majority of sub-Saharan Africa. It unites the Mande languages, the Atlantic-Congo languages (which share a characteristic noun class system), and possibly several smaller groups of languages that are difficult to classify. If valid, Niger-Congo would be the world's largest in terms of member languages, the third-largest in terms of speakers, and Africa's largest in terms of geographical area.Irene Thompson"Niger-Congo Language Family" "aboutworldlanguages", March 2015 It is generally considered to be the world's largest language family in terms of the number of distinct languages, just ahead of Austronesian, although this is complicated by the ambiguity about what constitutes a distinct language; the number of named Nigerā€“Congo languages listed by ''Ethnologue'' is 1,540. If valid, it would be the third-largest language family in the world by number of native speakers, comprising around 700 million people as of ...
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Mande Languages
The Mande languages are spoken in several countries in West Africa by the MandĆ© peoples and include Maninka, Mandinka, Soninke, Bambara, Kpelle, Dioula, Bozo, Mende, Susu, and Vai. There are "60 to 75 languages spoken by 30 to 40 million people", chiefly in Burkina Faso, Mali, Senegal, the Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Sierra Leone, Liberia, and Ivory Coast, and also in northwestern Nigeria and northern Benin. The Mande languages show lexical similarities with the Atlanticā€“Congo language family, and the two have been classified together as a Nigerā€“Congo language family since the 1950s. However, the Mande languages lack the noun-class morphology that is the primary identifying feature of the Atlanticā€“Congo languages. Without the help of that feature, a demonstration of the validity of Nigerā€“Congo will require reconstructing both Proto-Mande and Proto-Atlanticā€“Congo. Until that work is done, linguists have increasingly decided to treat Mande and Atlanticā€“Cong ...
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Samogo Languages
The Samogo languages are a small group of Mande languages of Mali and Burkina Faso. * Seenku (Seeku, Sembla, Seemogo) *Duun ** Dzuun (East Duun). Dialects: Kpango (Kpan, Samoro-guan), DzĆ¹Ć¹ngoo (Samogo-iri). ** Duun (West Duun, Du, Duungooma, Samogo-sien) ** Banka (Bankagooma) * Jowulu (Jɔ) Jowulu is divergent. The name ''Samogo'' or ''Samogho'' is a Jula and Bambara term for several Mande languages which do not necessarily form a clade, including the Samo languages Samo (Sane, San, Sa), also known as Mande Samo, is a dialect cluster of Niger-Congo languages spoken in Burkina Faso and Mali. Varieties Intelligibility between Samo varieties is low. The following have been coded as separate languages: *Matya .... References Mande languages {{Mande-lang-stub ...
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Mutual Intelligibility
In linguistics, mutual intelligibility is a relationship between languages or dialects in which speakers of different but related varieties can readily understand each other without prior familiarity or special effort. It is sometimes used as an important criterion for distinguishing languages from dialects, although sociolinguistic factors are often also used. Intelligibility between languages can be asymmetric, with speakers of one understanding more of the other than speakers of the other understanding the first. When it is relatively symmetric, it is characterized as "mutual". It exists in differing degrees among many related or geographically proximate languages of the world, often in the context of a dialect continuum. Intelligibility Factors An individual's achievement of moderate proficiency or understanding in a language (called L2) other than their first language (L1) typically requires considerable time and effort through study and practical application if the two l ...
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Duun Language
Duun is a Mande language of Mali. There are three varieties of Duun, West Duun, or ''Duungooma'' (also known as Du, Samogho-sien) and Banka or Bankagooma, in Mali, and East Duun, or ''DzĆ¹Ć¹n(goo)'', in Burkina Faso. These are clearly distinct but have a reasonable degree of mutual intelligibility with each other. Dialects of East Duun, Kpan (''Kpango,'' Samoro-guan) and ''DzĆ¹Ć¹ngoo'' (Samogo-iri), are easily intelligible. Phonology The phonology of the Dunn languages contains 26 consonants and 12 vowels A vowel is a syllabic speech sound pronounced without any stricture in the vocal tract. Vowels are one of the two principal classes of speech sounds, the other being the consonant. Vowels vary in quality, in loudness and also in quantity (len .... The following phonemes are in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). References Samogo languages Languages of Mali {{Mande-lang-stub ...
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