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Baju Rantai
The Baju Rantai (also known as ''Badjoe-Rante'', ''Baju Besi'', ''Baju Rante'', ''Wadjoe-Rante'', and ''Waju Rante'') is a type of armor from Nusantara archipelago (Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, and Philippines). Etymology The name originates from old Javanese words, ''baju'' comes from ''waju'' meaning jacket, clothing or apparel, meanwhile ''rantai'' comes from ''rante'', ''rantay'', or ''ranti'' which mean chain, string, or wreath. Description The Baju Rantai is a chain armor that is worked in the form of a shirt. It consists of small iron rings. It has no collar and sleeves that reach about to the elbow. The lower end is approximately at the height of the thighs. It is used by various ethnic groups in Indonesia. History One of the earliest mention of Baju Rantai is in Kidung Ranggalawe, a javanese ''kidung'' text that tells about the rebellion of Ranggalawe against Majapahit in 1295 A.D.. The name in the text is ''waju rante'', which means apparel consisting of iron ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malay War Dress Baju Rantai Or Baju Besi
Malay may refer to: Languages * Malay language or Bahasa Melayu, a major Austronesian language spoken in Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei and Singapore ** History of the Malay language#Old Malay, History of the Malay language, the Malay language from the 4th to the 14th century ** Indonesian language, the official form of the Malay language in Indonesia ** Malaysian Malay, the official form of the Malay language in Malaysia * Malayic languages, a group of closely related languages in the Malay Archipelago * Malay trade and creole languages, a set of pidgin languages throughout the Sumatra, Malay Peninsula and the entire Malay archipelago * Brunei Malay, an unofficial national language of Brunei distinct from standard Malay * Kedah Malay, a variety of the Malaya languages spoken in Malaysia and Thailand * Sri Lanka Malay language, spoken by the Malay race minority in Sri Lanka * Songkhla Malay, variety of Malay spoken in Songkhla province, Thailand Race and ethnic groups * Malay rac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alloy
An alloy is a mixture of chemical elements of which at least one is a metal. Unlike chemical compounds with metallic bases, an alloy will retain all the properties of a metal in the resulting material, such as electrical conductivity, ductility, opacity, and luster, but may have properties that differ from those of the pure metals, such as increased strength or hardness. In some cases, an alloy may reduce the overall cost of the material while preserving important properties. In other cases, the mixture imparts synergistic properties to the constituent metal elements such as corrosion resistance or mechanical strength. Alloys are defined by a metallic bonding character. The alloy constituents are usually measured by mass percentage for practical applications, and in atomic fraction for basic science studies. Alloys are usually classified as substitutional or interstitial alloys, depending on the atomic arrangement that forms the alloy. They can be further classified as hom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karambalangan
Karambalangan is a type of personal armor from Java. It is a metal coating worn in front of the chest or breastplate. History Karambalangan was recorded in the ''Kidung'' ''Panji Wijayakrama-Rangga Lawe'' (written as early as 1334 AD), which mentioned that Ranggalawe wore ''karambalangan manik'' (jeweled karambalangan) when he rebelled against Majapahit (1295 AD).Berg, C.C. (1930). Rangga Lawe: Middeljavaansche Historische Roman: Critisch uitgegeven'. Batavia: Kon. Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen (''Bibliotheca Javanica'', 1). Emperor Raden Wijaya in that kidung was recorded using golden ''karambalangan manik''. In the ''Kidung Sundayana'', it is written that Gajah Mada before the Bubat tragedy wore a karambalangan (a metal plate on the front of the chest—breastplate) decorated with gold emboss, armed with a gold-plated spear, and a shield decorated with diamonds. See also * Baju rantai * Baju lamina * Baju empurau * Baru Oroba * Baru lema'a * Siping ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baru Lema'a
The Baru Lema'a is a traditional armor from Indonesia. Description The Baru Lema'a is made in the form of a vest. It consists of the braided, coarse fibers of the Iluk plant. The fibers are braided and the strands are connected again side by side. It has neither sleeves nor a collar. In the neck area a surface is protruding which is similar to two connected circles. This serves to protect the neck from blows. The vest is heavy and inflexible. It is used by ethnic groups from Indonesia.Albert G. van Zonneveld: ''Traditional weapons of the Indonesian archipelago.'' C. Zwartenkot Art Books, Leiden 2001, . See also * Baju lamina * Baju empurau * Baju rantai * Baru Oroba * Karambalangan * Kawaca * Siping-siping Siping-siping, simping-simping, or sisimping, is a type of armor used in Java. It is a short sleeveless jacket made of scale-shaped metal plates. Description Unlike the kawaca which was only worn by high-ranking warriors, this battle outfit was ... References F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baru Öröba
Baru Öröba is a traditional armor of the Nias people in Indonesia. The earliest examples of this type of armor were made out of crocodile skin. After crocodile can no longer be found on Nias, the material is replaced with hammered metal. Description Oroba is a native vest-shaped armor from Nias island. The older ones that were made by crocodile skin are called öroba uli mbuaya. They are made from 11 pieces of crocodile skin that are connected with the ösumö technique. A piece of crocodile's back skin with dermal frills becomes the main part because it is used as the backside material of the vest and its size is bigger than other pieces of skin. Two pieces of skin that are large enough becomes the cover of chest to the waist, two pieces of curved skin turned into a shoulder cover. Another pair of the crocodile skin, each were used to cover the vest starting from the side of the body, armpits, and backside of the neck. Through a certain process, the crocodile's skin becomes s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baju Empurau
The Baju Empurau (also known in English language as "war jacket") is an armour from Indonesia. Description The Baju Empurau is a kind of armor that is made of materials found in nature. It consists of fish scales and tree bark. The larger fish scales are attached to the lower vest with split rattan fibers, the smaller ones with a fixed string made from plant fibers. The lower vest consists of interwoven layers of tree bark. The vest has no sleeves, no collar and is provided with a semicircular shape in the neck area, which serves to protect the neck from blows. It is used by the Sea Dayak ethnic group.Albert G. van Zonneveld: ''Traditional weapons of the Indonesian archipelago.'' C. Zwartenkot Art Books, Leiden 2001, , p. 28. See also * Baju lamina * Baju rantai * Baru Öröba * Baru lema'a *Karambalangan *Kawaca *Siping-siping Siping-siping, simping-simping, or sisimping, is a type of armor used in Java. It is a short sleeveless jacket made of scale-shaped metal plates. Des ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baju Lamina
The baju lamina (also known as lamena by Bugis, sa 'dan by Toraja, lamina or laminah by Malays) is a mail and plate armor from the Nusantara archipelago (Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, and Philippines). Description The baju lamina is a chain armor that is worked in the form of a vest. The back portion consist of small rectangular brass plates, the front of brass rings. Several rectangular brass plates are attached to the brass rings, which extend from the height of the collarbone to about the lower edge of the last costal arch. The brass plates serve to reinforce the chain armor at the level of the more vulnerable chest and pelvis. The baju lamina has neither sleeves nor a collar.Albert G. van Zonneveld: ''Traditional weapons of the Indonesian archipelago.'' C. Zwartenkot Art Books, Leiden 2001, , p. 28. One of the earliest references to this armor is after the conquest of Malacca by Portuguese (1511). The son of Afonso de Albuquerque mentioned the armament of Malacca: Around the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Musket
A musket is a muzzle-loaded long gun that appeared as a smoothbore weapon in the early 16th century, at first as a heavier variant of the arquebus, capable of penetrating plate armour. By the mid-16th century, this type of musket gradually disappeared as the use of heavy armour declined, but ''musket'' continued as the generic term for smoothbore long guns until the mid-19th century. In turn, this style of musket was retired in the 19th century when rifled muskets (simply called rifles in modern terminology) using the Minié ball (invented by Claude-Étienne Minié in 1849) became common. The development of breech-loading firearms using self-contained cartridges (introduced by Casimir Lefaucheux in 1835) and the first reliable repeating rifles produced by Winchester Repeating Arms Company in 1860 also led to their demise. By the time that repeating rifles became common, they were known as simply "rifles", ending the era of the musket. Etymology According to the Online Ety ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Makassar People
The Makassar or Makassarese people are an ethnic group that inhabits the southern part of the South Peninsula, Sulawesi (formerly Celebes) in Indonesia. They live around Makassar, the capital city of the province of South Sulawesi, as well as the Konjo highlands, the coastal areas, and the Selayar and Spermonde islands. They speak Makassarese, which is closely related to Buginese and also a Malay creole called Makassar Malay. History The Makassar are an ethnic group originally from the southern coast of the island of Sulawesi. Their exploratory spirits have led to successful overseas explorations. This is exemplified by the Kingdom of Gowa (14-17th century), which succeeded in forming a vast Islamic empire with a large and strong naval force. Its territory included almost the entire island of Sulawesi, eastern Kalimantan, East Nusa Tenggara, part of West Nusa Tenggara, part of Maluku and some small surrounding islands. The Makassar people made treaties with Bali and coope ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bugis
The Bugis people (pronounced ), also known as Buginese, are an ethnicity—the most numerous of the three major linguistic and ethnic groups of South Sulawesi (the others being Makassar and Toraja), in the south-western province of Sulawesi, third-largest island of Indonesia. The Bugis in 1605 converted to Islam from Animism. The main religion embraced by the Bugis is Islam, with a small minority adhering to Christianity or a pre-Islamic indigenous belief called ''Tolotang''. Despite the population numbering only around six million, the Bugis are influential in the politics in modern Indonesia, and historically influential on the Malay peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo, Lesser Sunda Islands and other parts of the archipelago where they have migrated, starting in the late seventeenth century. The third president of Indonesia, B. J. Habibie, and a former vice president of Indonesia, Jusuf Kalla, are Bugis. In Malaysia, the former prime minister Muhyiddin Yassin has Bugis ancestry. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South Sulawesi
South Sulawesi ( id, Sulawesi Selatan) is a province in the southern peninsula of Sulawesi. The Selayar Islands archipelago to the south of Sulawesi is also part of the province. The capital is Makassar. The province is bordered by Central Sulawesi and West Sulawesi to the north, the Gulf of Bone and Southeast Sulawesi to the east, Makassar Strait to the west, and Flores Sea to the south. The 2010 census estimated the population as 8,032,551 which makes South Sulawesi the most populous province on the island (46% of the population of Sulawesi is in South Sulawesi), and the sixth most populous province in Indonesia. At the 2020 Census this had risen to 9,073,509,Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. and the official estimate as at mid 2021 was 9,139,531. The main ethnic groups in South Sulawesi are the Buginese, Makassarese, Toraja, and Mandar. The economy of the province is based on agriculture, fishing, and mining of gold, magnesium, iron and other metals. The pinisi, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rampokan
Rampokan was a traditional Javan big cat fight. Panthers or tigers were released from wooden boxes and surrounded by warriors with lances trying to prevent them from breaking out of the circle. The rampokan would take place towards the end of Ramadan. It symbolized purification and the overcoming of evil. If the tigers and panthers succeeded in breaking through the circle, it was seen as an omen of disaster as famine. The ritual died out in the early 20th century. Ole Bruun, University of Hawaii Press, 2003 pages 242, 243 A battle between a tiger and buffalo was the first part of the event ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
_last_quarter_of_the_10th–first_half_of_the_11th_century.jpg "Click for more on -> Karambalangan")
