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Bøverbru Station
Bøverbru is a village in Vestre Toten Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The village is located about to the southeast of the village of Reinsvoll and about to the northwest of the village of Kolbu in neighboring Østre Toten Municipality. The village of Eina lies about to the southwest of Bøverbru. The village has a population (2021) of 752 and a population density of . "Toten Kjøtt", a local meat producer, and Studio Studio Nyhagen, a music production company are both located in the village. Ås Church is located about to the northeast of the village centre. History The settlement grew up around the Bøverbru Station, a railway station along the Skreiabanen railway line starting in 1902. In the same year, Bøverbru was established as a postal address. The name Bøverbru comes from the name "Bøfr-Broen" (an older spelling) which was used for a local bridge over the river Bøvra. This name can be found in documents dating back to the 18th century. In the first ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norway
Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic countries, Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard also form part of the Kingdom of Norway. Bouvet Island, located in the Subantarctic, is a Dependencies of Norway, dependency, and not a part of the Kingdom; Norway also Territorial claims in Antarctica, claims the Antarctic territories of Peter I Island and Queen Maud Land. Norway has a population of 5.6 million. Its capital and largest city is Oslo. The country has a total area of . The country shares a long eastern border with Sweden, and is bordered by Finland and Russia to the northeast. Norway has an extensive coastline facing the Skagerrak strait, the North Atlantic Ocean, and the Barents Sea. The unified kingdom of Norway was established in 872 as a merger of Petty kingdoms of Norway, petty kingdoms and has existed continuously for years. From 1537 to 1814, Norway ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lime Burning
A lime kiln is a kiln used for the calcination of limestone (calcium carbonate) to produce the form of lime called ''quicklime'' (calcium oxide). The chemical equation for this reaction is: CaCO3 + heat → CaO + CO2 This reaction can take place at anywhere above , but is generally considered to occur at (at which temperature the partial pressure of CO2 is 1 atmosphere), but a temperature around (at which temperature the partial pressure of CO2 is 3.8 atmospheres) is usually used to make the reaction proceed quickly.Parkes, G.D. and Mellor, J.W. (1939). ''Mellor's Modern Inorganic Chemistry'' London: Longmans, Green and Co. Excessive temperature is avoided because it produces unreactive, "dead-burned" lime. Slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) can be formed by mixing quicklime with water. History Pre-pottery Neolithic In plaster, proto-pottery, and mortar Because it is so readily made by heating limestone, lime must have been known from the earliest times, and all th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quarrying
A quarry is a type of open-pit mine in which dimension stone, rock, construction aggregate, riprap, sand, gravel, or slate is excavated from the ground. The operation of quarries is regulated in some jurisdictions to manage their safety risks and reduce their environmental impact. The word ''quarry'' can also include the underground quarrying for stone, such as Bath stone. History For thousands of years, only hand tools had been used in quarries. In the eighteenth century, the use of drilling and blasting operations was mastered. Types of rock Types of rock extracted from quarries include: * Chalk *China clay * Cinder *Clay *Coal * Construction aggregate (sand and gravel) * Coquina * Diabase * Gabbro *Granite * Gritstone * Gypsum *Limestone *Marble * Ores * Phosphate rock *Quartz *Sandstone * Slate * Travertine Methods of quarrying The method of removal of stones from their natural bed by using different operations is called quarrying. Methods of quarry ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Skreiabanen
The Skreia Line () is an abandoned railway line between Reinsvoll and Skreia in Toten, Norway. The 21.97 kilometer long single track (rail), single track rail was a branch line from the Gjøvik Line. History The line was opened on 26 November 1902. All the stations and depots were drawn by Paul Due (architect), Paul Due, who used a number of different styles, including Art Nouveau for Lena and Kraby while Skreia was in Dragestil. Originally the idea was that Gjøvikbanen would follow part of the route of Skreiabanen, but this was changed because of major industrial interests in Raufoss and Hunndalen. Passenger traffic was terminated in 1963 while freight traffic continued until 1987. Rail trail In the mid 1990s the track was removed and converted to a Rail trail for pedestrian and bicycle traffic. {{Authority control Railway lines in Norway Railway lines in Innlandet Railway lines opened in 1902 1902 establishments in Norway Closed railway lines in Norway ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bøverbru Station
Bøverbru is a village in Vestre Toten Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The village is located about to the southeast of the village of Reinsvoll and about to the northwest of the village of Kolbu in neighboring Østre Toten Municipality. The village of Eina lies about to the southwest of Bøverbru. The village has a population (2021) of 752 and a population density of . "Toten Kjøtt", a local meat producer, and Studio Studio Nyhagen, a music production company are both located in the village. Ås Church is located about to the northeast of the village centre. History The settlement grew up around the Bøverbru Station, a railway station along the Skreiabanen railway line starting in 1902. In the same year, Bøverbru was established as a postal address. The name Bøverbru comes from the name "Bøfr-Broen" (an older spelling) which was used for a local bridge over the river Bøvra. This name can be found in documents dating back to the 18th century. In the first ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ã…s Church (Innlandet)
Ås Church ( or historically, ) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Vestre Toten Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the village of Bøverbru. It is the church for the Ås parish which is part of the Toten prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Hamar. The white, stone church was built in a cruciform design in 1921 using plans drawn up by the architect Henry Bucher. The church seats about 500 people. History The earliest existing historical records of the church date back to the year 1337, but the church was not built that year. The first church in Ås was a wooden stave church that was likely built during the 13th century. According to an inscription on a wooden plate on the back of the altarpiece, the church must have been closed down and deserted from around 1570 until around 1665. Around 1665, the old church was torn down and a new church was built on the same site. The local parish priest Knud Sevaldsen Bang oversaw the construction of the new wo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Population Density
Population density (in agriculture: Standing stock (other), standing stock or plant density) is a measurement of population per unit land area. It is mostly applied to humans, but sometimes to other living organisms too. It is a key geographical term.Matt RosenberPopulation Density Geography.about.com. March 2, 2011. Retrieved on December 10, 2011. Biological population densities Population density is population divided by total land area, sometimes including seas and oceans, as appropriate. Low densities may cause an extinction vortex and further reduce fertility. This is called the Allee effect after the scientist who identified it. Examples of the causes of reduced fertility in low population densities are: * Increased problems with locating sexual mates * Increased inbreeding Human densities Population density is the number of people per unit of area, usually transcribed as "per square kilometre" or square mile, and which may include or exclude, for example, ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kunnskapsforlaget
Kunnskapsforlaget () is a Norwegian publishing company based in Oslo. Kunnskapsforlaget was established in 1975, as a partnership between H. Aschehoug & Co. (W. Nygaard) and Gyldendal Norsk Forlag. The purpose was to co-operate on publishing encyclopaedias and dictionaries. The first volume of Store norske leksikon The ''Great Norwegian Encyclopedia'' (, abbreviated ''SNL'') is a Norwegian-language online encyclopedia. It has several subdivisions, including the Norsk biografisk leksikon. The online encyclopedia is among the most-read Norwegian publishe ... (SNL) was published in 1978. A total of four editions was published (the last one in 2004), before the online version was transferred to Institusjonen Fritt Ord og Sparebankstiftelsen DnB in 2011. Kunnskapsforlaget is the largest dictionary publisher in Norway. They publish both printed books, and digital dictionaries that are available through the online service Ordnett (launched in 2004). Their main languages a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Store Norske Leksikon
The ''Great Norwegian Encyclopedia'' (, abbreviated ''SNL'') is a Norwegian-language online encyclopedia. It has several subdivisions, including the Norsk biografisk leksikon. The online encyclopedia is among the most-read Norwegian published sites, with up to 3.5 million unique visitors per month. Paper editions (1978–2007) The ''SNL'' was created in 1978, when the two publishing houses Aschehoug and Gyldendal merged their encyclopedias and created the company Kunnskapsforlaget. Up until 1978 the two publishing houses of Aschehoug and Gyldendal, Norway's two largest, had published ' and ', respectively. The respective first editions were published in 1906–1913 (Aschehoug) and 1933–1934 (Gyldendal). The slump in sales of paper-based encyclopedias around the turn of the 21st century hit Kunnskapsforlaget hard, but a fourth edition of the paper encyclopedia was secured by a grant of ten million Norwegian kroner from the foundation Fritt Ord in 2003. The f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eina
Eina is a village in Vestre Toten Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The village is located along the Gjøvikbanen railway line, between the villages of Jaren and Raufoss. The village of Eina is located south of the municipal centre of Raufoss, on the north shore of the lake Einavatnet. The river Hunnselva runs north through the village from the lake Einavatnet to the large lake Mjøsa. The village has a population (2021) of 704 and a population density of . About 1,500 people inhabit the rural area surrounding the lake, outside of the village of Eina. History The area has been populated since before the early 11th century, but did not see significant growth until the Norwegian industrialization. This was due to the Gjøvikbanen railway line being built, which brought passengers and freight to and through the village. In 1902, the local railroad station opened and it was named Eina, after the nearby lake Einavatnet. In 1908, the village of Eina and its surroundings beca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kolbu
Kolbu is a village in Østre Toten Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The village is located in the Districts of Norway, traditional region of Toten, about to the southwest of the village of Lena, Norway, Lena, the administrative centre of the municipality. The village lies in the western part of the municipality in an agricultural area, not far from the municipal border with Vestre Toten. Kolbu Church is a cruciform church from 1730 that is located just outside the village centre. The village has a population (2021) of 648 and a population density of . History Kolbu was the administrative centre of Kolbu (municipality), Kolbu Municipality which existed for 56 years (from 1908 when it was split off from Vestre Toten until 1964 when it was merged into Østre Toten). Name The village was named after the old ''Kolbu'' farm () since this is where the local church was built. The first element of the name ''Kol-'' means "coal" and the last element ''bú'' means "house" or "d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
