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Bété Languages
The Bété languages are a language cluster A dialect continuum or dialect chain is a series of language varieties spoken across some geographical area such that neighboring varieties are mutually intelligible, but the differences accumulate over distance so that widely separated varie ... of Kru languages spoken in central-western Ivory Coast. There are many dialects but they can be grouped as follows: *Western **Bété of Gagnoa **Kuya language, Kouya *Eastern **Bété of Guiberoua **Bété of Daloa **Godié language, Godié Bibliography * Zogbo, Raymond Gnoléba ''Parlons bété: Une langue de Côte d'Ivoire'' (L'Harmattan) 2004 * Zogbo, Raymond Gnoléba, ''Dictionnaire bété-français'', Abidjan : Éditions du CERAP, 2005. * Lowe, Ivan, Edwin Arthur, and Philip Saunders. 2003. "Eventivity in Kouya." In Mary Ruth Wise, Thomas N. Headland and Ruth M. Brend (eds.), ''Language and life: essays in memory of Kenneth L. Pike'', 429-448. SIL International and The Universi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ivory Coast
Ivory Coast, also known as Côte d'Ivoire, officially the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a country on the southern coast of West Africa. Its capital is Yamoussoukro, in the centre of the country, while its largest city and economic centre is the port city of Abidjan. It borders Guinea to the northwest, Liberia to the west, Mali to the northwest, Burkina Faso to the northeast, Ghana to the east, and the Gulf of Guinea (Atlantic Ocean) to the south. Its official language is French, and indigenous languages are also widely used, including Bété, Baoulé, Dioula, Dan, Anyin, and Cebaara Senufo. In total, there are around 78 different languages spoken in Ivory Coast. The country has a religiously diverse population, including numerous followers of Christianity, Islam, and indigenous faiths. Before its colonization by Europeans, Ivory Coast was home to several states, including Gyaaman, the Kong Empire, and Baoulé. The area became a protectorate of France in 1843 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bété People
The Bété are an Ivory Coast group with strong cultural and artistic links to the Dan, the We ( Gwere) and the Guro, among others. The Bete together with many other ethnolinguistic groups makeup the Kru ethnic group. There are 93 distinct groups within the Bété polity. Culture They are only united in that they are subsistence farmers, but base most of their culture around hunting. Social control was exercised by the leading member of individual lineages (several in each village) who exercises judicial and financial power within the community. Bété are known for their focus on individual rights. A male "chief" is chosen by the people based on the criterion of wisdom. This leader stays in power until his death or any wrongdoing. Bete women are known for being outspoken. Religion Historically, spiritual authority was wielded with an array of paraphernalia, notably including the “gre” mask, a horned and decorated creation (originating with the We) designed to instil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Atlantic–Congo Languages
The Atlantic–Congo languages are the largest demonstrated family of languages in Africa. They have characteristic noun class systems and form the core of the Niger–Congo family hypothesis. They comprise all of Niger–Congo apart from Mande, Dogon, Ijoid, Siamou, Kru, the Katla and Rashad languages (previously classified as Kordofanian), and perhaps some or all of the Ubangian languages. Mukarovsky's West-Nigritic corresponded roughly to modern Atlantic–Congo. In the infobox, the languages which appear to be the most divergent are placed at the top.Roger BlenchNiger-Congo: an alternative view/ref> The Atlantic branch is defined in the narrow sense, while the former Atlantic branches Mel and the isolates Sua, Gola and Limba, are split out as primary branches; they are mentioned next to each other because there is no published evidence to move them; Volta–Congo is intact apart from Senufo and Kru. In addition, Güldemann (2018) lists Nalu and Rio Nunez as unclassi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kru Languages
The Kru languages are spoken by the Kru people from the southeast of Liberia to the west of Ivory Coast. Classification According to Güldemann (2018), Kru lacks sufficient lexical resemblances and noun class resemblances to conclude a relationship with Niger-Congo. Glottolog considers Kru an independent language family. Etymology The term "Kru" is of unknown origin. According to Westermann (1952) it was used by Europeans to denote a number of tribes speaking related dialects. Marchese (1989) notes the fact that many of these peoples were recruited as "crew" by European seafarers; "the homonymy with crew is obvious, and is at least one source of the confusion among Europeans that there was a Kru/crew tribe". History Andrew Dalby noted the historical importance of the Kru languages for their position at the crossroads of African-European interaction. He wrote that "Kru and associated languages were among the first to be encountered by European voyagers on what was then known ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dialect Continuum
A dialect continuum or dialect chain is a series of Variety (linguistics), language varieties spoken across some geographical area such that neighboring varieties are Mutual intelligibility, mutually intelligible, but the differences accumulate over distance so that widely separated varieties may not be. This is a typical occurrence with widely spread languages and language families around the world, when these languages did not spread recently. Some prominent examples include the Indo-Aryan languages across large parts of India, varieties of Arabic across north Africa and southwest Asia, the Turkic languages, the Varieties of Chinese, Chinese languages or dialects, and subgroups of the Romance languages, Romance, Germanic languages, Germanic and Slavic languages, Slavic families in Europe. Leonard Bloomfield used the name dialect area. Charles F. Hockett used the term L-complex. Dialect continua typically occur in long-settled agrarian populations, as innovations spread from t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bété Of Gagnoa
Bété may refer to: *Bété people The Bété are an Ivory Coast group with strong cultural and artistic links to the Dan, the We ( Gwere) and the Guro, among others. The Bete together with many other ethnolinguistic groups makeup the Kru ethnic group. There are 93 distinct grou ... of Côte d'Ivoire * Bété language or languages spoken by them * Bété alphabet * Bété (fruit), a small citrus fruit grown in southern Nigeria. Closely related to the lime. {{disambig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kuya Language
Kuya (Kouya, Kowya) is a Kru language of Ivory Coast Ivory Coast, also known as Côte d'Ivoire, officially the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a country on the southern coast of West Africa. Its capital is Yamoussoukro, in the centre of the country, while its largest city and economic centre is .... The language was first put in written form in the 1980s. References Bété languages Languages of Ivory Coast {{IvoryCoast-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bété Of Guiberoua
Bété may refer to: *Bété people The Bété are an Ivory Coast group with strong cultural and artistic links to the Dan, the We ( Gwere) and the Guro, among others. The Bete together with many other ethnolinguistic groups makeup the Kru ethnic group. There are 93 distinct grou ... of Côte d'Ivoire * Bété language or languages spoken by them * Bété alphabet * Bété (fruit), a small citrus fruit grown in southern Nigeria. Closely related to the lime. {{disambig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bété Of Daloa
Bété may refer to: *Bété people The Bété are an Ivory Coast group with strong cultural and artistic links to the Dan, the We ( Gwere) and the Guro, among others. The Bete together with many other ethnolinguistic groups makeup the Kru ethnic group. There are 93 distinct grou ... of Côte d'Ivoire * Bété language or languages spoken by them * Bété alphabet * Bété (fruit), a small citrus fruit grown in southern Nigeria. Closely related to the lime. {{disambig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Godié Language
The Godié language is a Kru language spoken by the Godié people in the south-west and central-west of Ivory Coast. It is one of the dialects of the Bété language, In 1993, the language had 26,400 native speakers. Writing Godié spelling is based on the rules of The Orthographic Conventions for Ivorian Languages created by the ''Institut de linguistique appliquée'' (ILA) of the Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny The Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny (UFHB) (formerly known as University of Cocody-Abidjan, fr.: Université de Cocody or Université de Cocody-Abidjan) is an institution of higher education located in the Cocody section of Abidjan and t .... This convention has had revisions. The tone is indicated with an apostrophe for the high tone and the minus sign for the low tone before the syllable. References Linguistic literature *Marchese, Lynell. "On the role of conditionals in Godie procedural discourse." ''Coherence and Grounding in Discourse'' ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bété Syllabary
The Bété syllabary was created for the Bété language of Ivory Coast (in West Africa) in the 1950s by artist Frédéric Bruly Bouabré. It consists of about 440 pictographic characters, which represent scenes from life and stand for syllables in Bété. Bouabré created it to help Bété people learn to read in their language. File:Bete-syllable bhɛ.png, bhɛ File:Bete-syllable dje.png, dje File:Bete-syllable dji.png, dji File:Bete-syllable kpɛ.png, kpɛ History Bété language 6,000, 000 Bétés live in the Ivory Coast, and their language is not taught in schools. There was no writing system for Bété before this one; all education is in French. There are five main dialects of Bété. Syllabaries are generally used for languages with simple rules of syllabic combination; English, for example, would not work well for a syllabary because there are over ten-thousand different possibilities for individual syllables. Frédéric Bruly Bouabré Bouabré was among the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frédéric Bruly Bouabré
Frédéric Bruly Bouabré, also known as Cheik Nadro (11 March 1923 – 28 January 2014), was an Ivorian artist. Life and career Bouabré was born in Zépréguhé, Ivory Coast, and was among the first Ivorians to be educated by the French colonial government. On 11 March 1948, he received a vision, which directly influenced much of his later works. Bouabré created many of his hundreds of small drawings while working as a clerk in various government offices. These drawings depicted many different subjects, mostly drawn from local folklore; some also described his own visions. All the drawings are part of a larger cycle, titled ''World Knowledge''. Bouabré also created a 448-letter, universal Bété syllabary, which he used to transcribe the oral tradition of his people, the Bétés. His visual language is portrayed on some 1,000 small cards using ballpoint pens and crayons, with symbolic imagery surrounded by text, each carrying a unique divinatory message and comments on lif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
