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Burmanniales
Burmanniales Mart. (Burmanniales Blume, Burmanniales Heintze) was an order of monocotyledons, subsequently discontinued. Description Small perennial or annual mycorrhizal herbs that are achlorophyllous (lacking chlorophyll) and mycotrophic or less often autotrophic. Systematics and taxonomy Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius listed the ''ordo'' (that is, family) Burmanniaceae in 1835 and consequently has been cited as an authority, although he acknowledged earlier descriptions by Carl Ludwig Blume (1827) and John Lindley (1830). In 1927 Heintze elevated the Burmanniaceae family to the rank of the Burmanniales order. Subsequent authors have followed this, including Lawrence 1951, Hutchinson 1973, Dahlgren 1980) and Thorne 1992. Johri ''et al.'' treat the 17 families of order Liliiflorae as distributed over 5 suborders, including Burmanniineae Engl.. The latter suborder was then considered to contain two families, Burmanniaceae and Corsiaceae. As circumscribed by Da ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liliiflorae
Lilianae (also known as Liliiflorae) is a botanical name for a superorder (that is, a rank higher than that of order) of flowering plants. Such a superorder of necessity includes the type family Liliaceae (and usually the type order Liliales). Terminations at the rank of superorder are not standardized by the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN), although the suffix ''-anae'' has been proposed. Lilianae, introduced in 1966 as a name for a superorder, progressively replaced the older term Liliiflorae, introduced in 1825 as a name for an order. Taxonomy History Early history - Liliiflorae Liliiflorae was a term introduced by Carl Adolph Agardh in 1825 as a higher order to include the Liliaceae (which he called Coronariae) and related families. Argadh, together with De Candolle developed the concept of ordered botanical ranks, in this case grouping together De Jussieu's (1789) recently defined collections of genera (families) into hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
August Heintze
(Sven) August Heintze (1881–1941) (sometimes spelled Heinze) was a Swedish botanist. Life Heintze was born on 26 September 1881 to Fredrik and Kerstin (née Svensson) Heintze in Skurup, Skåne. He had a younger sister, Anna Maria (b. 1889). He enrolled as a student at Lund University in 1901. He graduated in 1906, and earned his doctorate in 1913. His first position was as a teacher at Uddevalla kommunalgymnasium. Heintze died on 6 May 1941 in Stockholm, and is buried in the Skurups Norra Kyrkogård ("Skurup's Northern Cemetery"). He is known for his work on the classification of cormophytes, particularly the family Ranuculaceae. Selected publications Publications include: * (''Cormofyt. Fylog.'') (Abstract in German.) * Heintze, August. (1932–1935) Handbuch der Verbreitungsökologie der Pflanzen. Stockholm, Selbstverlag * Heintze, August. (1908) Växtgeografiska anteckningar från ett par färder genom Skibottendalen i Tromsö amt. ''Arkiv Bot.'' v 7 no 11 * He ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mart
Mart may refer to: * Mart, or marketplace, a location where people regularly gather for the purchase and sale of provisions, livestock, and other goods * Mart (broadcaster), a local broadcasting station in Amsterdam * Mart (given name) * Mart (Syriac), Syriac title for women saints * Mart, Texas, a community in the United States * Data mart, an approach to handling big data Abbreviations * Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art of Trento and Rovereto, a museum in Italy * Mississippi Aerial River Transit, a demolished gondola lift in New Orleans, Louisiana * Montachusett Regional Transit Authority * Multiple Additive Regression Trees, a commercial name of gradient boosting See also * Kmart * Walmart * Mard (other) {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Autotrophic
An autotroph or primary producer is an organism that produces complex organic compounds (such as carbohydrates, fats, and proteins) using carbon from simple substances such as carbon dioxide,Morris, J. et al. (2019). "Biology: How Life Works", 3rd edition, W. H. Freeman. generally using energy from light (photosynthesis) or inorganic chemical reactions (chemosynthesis). They convert an abiotic source of energy (e.g. light) into energy stored in organic compounds, which can be used by other organisms (e.g. heterotrophs). Autotrophs do not need a living source of carbon or energy and are the producers in a food chain, such as plants on land or algae in water (in contrast to heterotrophs as consumers of autotrophs or other heterotrophs). Autotrophs can reduce carbon dioxide to make organic compounds for biosynthesis and as stored chemical fuel. Most autotrophs use water as the reducing agent, but some can use other hydrogen compounds such as hydrogen sulfide. The primary produc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Superorder
Order ( la, ordo) is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between family and class. In biological classification, the order is a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms and recognized by the nomenclature codes. An immediately higher rank, superorder, is sometimes added directly above order, with suborder directly beneath order. An order can also be defined as a group of related families. What does and does not belong to each order is determined by a taxonomist, as is whether a particular order should be recognized at all. Often there is no exact agreement, with different taxonomists each taking a different position. There are no hard rules that a taxonomist needs to follow in describing or recognizing an order. Some taxa are accepted almost universally, while others are recognized only rarely. The name of an order is usually written with a capital letter. For some groups of organisms, their orders may follow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sensu
''Sensu'' is a Latin word meaning "in the sense of". It is used in a number of fields including biology, geology, linguistics, semiotics, and law. Commonly it refers to how strictly or loosely an expression is used in describing any particular concept, but it also appears in expressions that indicate the convention or context of the usage. Common qualifiers ''Sensu'' is the ablative case of the noun ''sensus'', here meaning "sense". It is often accompanied by an adjective (in the same case). Three such phrases are: *''sensu stricto'' – "in the strict sense", abbreviation ''s.s.'' or ''s.str.''; *''sensu lato'' – "in the broad sense", abbreviation ''s.l.''; *''sensu amplo'' – "in a relaxed, generous (or 'ample') sense", a similar meaning to ''sensu lato''. Søren Kierkegaard uses the phrase ''sensu eminenti'' to mean "in the pre-eminent r most important or significantsense". When appropriate, comparative and superlative adjectives may also be used to convey the meaning ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Circumscription (taxonomy)
In biological taxonomy, circumscription is the content of a taxon, that is, the delimitation of which subordinate taxa are parts of that taxon. If we determine that species X, Y, and Z belong in Genus A, and species T, U, V, and W belong in Genus B, those are our circumscriptions of those two genera. Another systematist might determine that T, U, V, W, X, Y, and Z all belong in genus A. Agreement on circumscriptions is not governed by the Codes of Zoological or Botanical Nomenclature, and must be reached by scientific consensus. A goal of biological taxonomy is to achieve a stable circumscription for every taxon. This goal conflicts, at times, with the goal of achieving a natural classification that reflects the evolutionary history of divergence of groups of organisms. Balancing these two goals is a work in progress, and the circumscriptions of many taxa that had been regarded as stable for decades are in upheaval in the light of rapid developments in molecular phylogenetics ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corsiaceae
Corsiaceae is a family of monocotyledonous flowering plants. The APG II system (2003) treats the family in the order Liliales, in the clade monocots. This is a slight change from the APG system, of 1998, which left the family unplaced as to order, but did assign it also to the monocots. Taxonomy The family is usually taken to include three genera, ''Corsia'', ''Corsiopsis'', and ''Arachnitis'' with a total of 27 known species. As the members of this family are achlorophyllous non-autotrophic herbs (i.e. they are not green, and do not photosynthesize) they have sometimes been included in the family Burmanniaceae which, however, according to APG II is not even in the same order. ThAPG companion sitecites a reference which suggests the family should consist of ''Corsia'' only, with ''Arachnitis'' better placed nearer to family Burmanniaceae. ''Corsiopsis'', like ''Arachnitis'' a monotypic genus, has been described recently. Genera and species *''Arachnitis'' Phil., 1864 **''Arachn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adolf Engler
Heinrich Gustav Adolf Engler (25 March 1844 – 10 October 1930) was a German botanist. He is notable for his work on plant taxonomy and phytogeography, such as ''Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien'' (''The Natural Plant Families''), edited with Karl A. E. von Prantl. Even now, his system of plant classification, the Engler system, is still used by many herbaria and is followed by writers of many manuals and floras. It is still the only system that treats all 'plants' (in the wider sense, algae to flowering plants) in such depth. Engler published a prodigious number of taxonomic works. He used various artists to illustrate his books, notably Joseph Pohl (1864–1939), an illustrator who had served an apprenticeship as a wood-engraver. Pohl's skill drew Engler's attention, starting a collaboration of some 40 years. Pohl produced more than 33 000 drawings in 6 000 plates for ''Die naturlichen Pflanzenfamilien''. He also illustrated ''Das Pflanzenreich'' (1900–1953), ''Die Pflan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suborders
Order ( la, ordo) is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between family and class. In biological classification, the order is a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms and recognized by the nomenclature codes. An immediately higher rank, superorder, is sometimes added directly above order, with suborder directly beneath order. An order can also be defined as a group of related families. What does and does not belong to each order is determined by a taxonomist, as is whether a particular order should be recognized at all. Often there is no exact agreement, with different taxonomists each taking a different position. There are no hard rules that a taxonomist needs to follow in describing or recognizing an order. Some taxa are accepted almost universally, while others are recognized only rarely. The name of an order is usually written with a capital letter. For some groups of organisms, their orders may follow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert F Thorne
Robert F. Thorne (July 13, 1920 – March 24, 2015) was an American botanist. He was taxonomist and curator emeritus at Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden and professor emeritus at Claremont Graduate University in Claremont, California. His research has contributed to the understanding of the evolution of flowering plants. Life Thorne was born on July 13, 1920, at Spring Lake, New Jersey. He was educated through high school in Gulfport, Florida, Gulfport and St. Petersburg, Florida.Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden Library. "Finding Aid for the Robert Folger Thorne Papers 1905-1988" (2009), p. 1. He graduated summa cum laude in 1941 with a major in botany from Dartmouth College and earned his M.S. degree in economic botany in 1942 at Cornell University.Hamilton, Clement W. "Robert F. Thorne - Recipient of the 2001 Asa Gray Award", ''Systematic Botany''(2002), 27(1): p. 2. He spent about three years serving in the armed forces during World War II, first at Hondo, Texas, Hondo Navigatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rolf Dahlgren
Rolf Martin Theodor Dahlgren (7 July 1932 – 14 February 1987) was a Swedish-Danish botanist and professor at the University of Copenhagen from 1973 to his death. Life Dahlgren was born in Örebro on 7 July 1932 to apothecary Rudolf Dahlgren and wife Greta née Dahlstrand. He took his MSc degree in Biology in (1955) and PhD degree in Botany in (1963) at Lund University. He was killed in a car crash in Scania, Sweden on 14 February 1987. Career He continued working on South African plants during expeditions in 1956-57 and 1965–66, while affiliated with the ''Botanical Museum'' in Lund as ''docent''. In 1973, he became professor of botany at the University of Copenhagen. Here, he developed his system of Angiosperm classification, based on many more characters simultaneously than previous systems, most notably many chemical plant traits (see also chemotaxonomy). Although the system was first presented in Danish, it rapidly gained widespread acceptance, particularly due to t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
