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Burgher (Church History)
In the Scottish church of the 18th and 19th centuries, a burgher was a member of that party amongst the seceders which asserted the lawfulness of the burgess oath. The burgess oath was that oath a town burgess was required to swear on taking office. The secession church in Scotland split in 1747 into the Burghers and the Anti-Burghers over the lawfulness of the forms of the oath then current in Scotland, the contentious clause being that in which the burgess professed the true religion professed within the realm. According to Dale Jorgenson, "...The Patronage Act, enacted under the reign of Queen Anne (1702-14), gave lay patrons the right to present ministers to parishes. This act of patronage was an affront to classic Presbyterianism, and resulted in a division between Burghers who accepted the Burghers' Oath and its consequent patronage, and the Anti-Burghers who would not accept the oath." Notable Burghers *Robert Balmer ('New Licht' - subsequently Professor of Theology of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Secession
The First Secession was an exodus of ministers and members from the Church of Scotland in 1733. Those who took part formed the Associate Presbytery and later the United Secession Church. They were often referred to as seceders. The underlying principles of the split focused upon issues of ecclesiology and ecclesiastical polity, especially in the perceived threat lay patronage represented to the right of a congregation to choose its own minister. These issues had their roots in seventeenth century controversies between presbyterian and episcopal factions in the Church of Scotland. This was complicated by the fact that most ministers, by tradition, were the younger sons from the aristocratic families, and those same families were usually the local landowners. The local landowner therefore would often act as a "patron" to the church, not only through gifting of money, but through supply of their own relatives to fill the role of minister. There were of course some ministers from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James Fisher (Secession Minister)
James Fisher (1697–1775) was one of the founders of the Scottish Secession church. He was born at Barr, on 23 January 1697, the second son of Thomas Fisher, minister of Rhynd. He was educated at University of Glasgow. He was licensed by the Presbytery of Perth on 31 October 1722 and subsequently called (5 October) and ordained on 23 December 1725. He dissented and joined with his father-in-law Ebenezer Erskine in his appeal and complaint to the Assembly of 1733. He was one of the four original members of the Associate Presbytery founded at Gairney Bridge on 6 December 1733. He was deposed by the General Assembly on 15 May 1740, but continued to preach in the parish church till 13 August 1741, when he was forcibly ejected on a sheriff's warrant. He then preached in a tent on Kinclaven brae during the time he remained in the district. On 8 October 1741 he became minister of Shuttle Street Associate Congregation, Glasgow (later Greyfriars United Free Church). He was deposed b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
18th-century Calvinism
The 18th century lasted from January 1, 1701 ( MDCCI) to December 31, 1800 ( MDCCC). During the 18th century, elements of Enlightenment thinking culminated in the American, French, and Haitian Revolutions. During the century, slave trading and human trafficking expanded across the shores of the Atlantic, while declining in Russia, China, and Korea. Revolutions began to challenge the legitimacy of monarchical and aristocratic power structures, including the structures and beliefs that supported slavery. The Industrial Revolution began during mid-century, leading to radical changes in human society and the environment. Western historians have occasionally defined the 18th century otherwise for the purposes of their work. For example, the "short" 18th century may be defined as 1715–1789, denoting the period of time between the death of Louis XIV of France and the start of the French Revolution, with an emphasis on directly interconnected events. To historians who expand ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
19th Century In Scotland
19 (nineteen) is the natural number following 18 and preceding 20. It is a prime number. Mathematics 19 is the eighth prime number, and forms a sexy prime with 13, a twin prime with 17, and a cousin prime with 23. It is the third full reptend prime, the fifth central trinomial coefficient, and the seventh Mersenne prime exponent. It is also the second Keith number, and more specifically the first Keith prime. * 19 is the maximum number of fourth powers needed to sum up to any natural number, and in the context of Waring's problem, 19 is the fourth value of g(k). * The sum of the squares of the first 19 primes is divisible by 19. *19 is the sixth Heegner number. 67 and 163, respectively the 19th and 38th prime numbers, are the two largest Heegner numbers, of nine total. * 19 is the third centered triangular number as well as the third centered hexagonal number. : The 19th triangular number is 190, equivalently the sum of the first 19 non-zero integers, that is also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
18th Century In Scotland
The recorded begins with the arrival of the Roman Empire in the 1st century, when the Roman province, province of Roman Britain, Britannia reached as far north as the Antonine Wall. North of this was Caledonia, inhabited by the ''Picti'', whose uprisings forced Rome's legions back to Hadrian's Wall. As Rome finally Roman withdrawal from Britain, withdrew from Britain, Gaels, Gaelic raiders called the ''Scoti'' began colonising Western Scotland and Wales. Prior to Roman times, prehistoric Scotland entered the Neolithic Era about 4000 BC, the Bronze Age about 2000 BC, and the Iron Age around 700 BC. The Gaelic kingdom of Dál Riata was founded on the west coast of Scotland in the 6th century. In the following century, History of Christianity in Ireland, Irish missionaries introduced the previously Pictish religion, pagan Picts to Celtic church, Celtic Christianity. Following Saxon England, England's Gregorian mission, the Pictish king Nechtan mac Der-Ilei, Ne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of The Church Of Scotland
History (derived ) is the systematic study and the documentation of the human activity. The time period of event before the invention of writing systems is considered prehistory. "History" is an umbrella term comprising past events as well as the memory, discovery, collection, organization, presentation, and interpretation of these events. Historians seek knowledge of the past using historical sources such as written documents, oral accounts, art and material artifacts, and ecological markers. History is not complete and still has debatable mysteries. History is also an academic discipline which uses narrative to describe, examine, question, and analyze past events, and investigate their patterns of cause and effect. Historians often debate which narrative best explains an event, as well as the significance of different causes and effects. Historians also debate the nature of history as an end in itself, as well as its usefulness to give perspective on the problems of the p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schisms In Christianity
A schism ( , , or, less commonly, ) is a division between people, usually belonging to an organization, movement, or religious denomination. The word is most frequently applied to a split in what had previously been a single religious body, such as the Great East–West Schism or the Western Schism. It is also used of a split within a non-religious organization or movement or, more broadly, of a separation between two or more people, be it brothers, friends, lovers, etc. A schismatic is a person who creates or incites schism in an organization or who is a member of a splinter group. Schismatic as an adjective means pertaining to a schism or schisms, or to those ideas, policies, etc. that are thought to lead towards or promote schism. In religion, the charge of schism is distinguished from that of heresy, since the offence of schism concerns not differences of belief or doctrine but promotion of, or the state of division, especially among groups with differing pastoral jurisdic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Presbyterianism In Scotland
Presbyterianism is a part of the Reformed tradition within Protestantism that broke from the Roman Catholic Church in Scotland by John Knox, who was a priest at St. Giles Cathedral (Church of Scotland). Presbyterian churches derive their name from the presbyterian form of church government by representative assemblies of elders. Many Reformed churches are organised this way, but the word ''Presbyterian'', when capitalized, is often applied to churches that trace their roots to the Church of Scotland or to English Dissenter groups that formed during the English Civil War. Presbyterian theology typically emphasizes the sovereignty of God, the authority of the Scriptures, and the necessity of grace through faith in Christ. Presbyterian church government was ensured in Scotland by the Acts of Union in 1707, which created the Kingdom of Great Britain. In fact, most Presbyterians found in England can trace a Scottish connection, and the Presbyterian denomination was also taken ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Willis (minister)
Michael Willis (1799-1879) was a Scottish minister of the Free Church of Scotland who emigrated to Canada and became Principal of Knox College, Toronto. A prominent campaigner for the abolition of slavery he was involved in the Canadian end of the Underground Railway. He was Moderator of the General Assembly for the Presbyterian Church of Canada in 1870. Early life Willis was born in Greenock in western central Scotland in 1798 or 1799. He was the son of Rev William Willis of Stirling (died 1827), a minister of the Old Light Burghers, a Secessionist church. He grew up and was educated in Stirling. He studied at Glasgow University and the Divinity Hall in Glasgow, with further training as a Secessionist minister at the Burgher Synod. Ministry in Scotland In 1821 he was ordained at the Secessionist Church at Albion Street in the Merchant City in Glasgow. From 1835 he took on the additional role as Professor of Theology at Divinity Hall. In 1839, as part of a wider absorption o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michael Willis (minister)
Michael Willis (1799-1879) was a Scottish minister of the Free Church of Scotland who emigrated to Canada and became Principal of Knox College, Toronto. A prominent campaigner for the abolition of slavery he was involved in the Canadian end of the Underground Railway. He was Moderator of the General Assembly for the Presbyterian Church of Canada in 1870. Early life Willis was born in Greenock in western central Scotland in 1798 or 1799. He was the son of Rev William Willis of Stirling (died 1827), a minister of the Old Light Burghers, a Secessionist church. He grew up and was educated in Stirling. He studied at Glasgow University and the Divinity Hall in Glasgow, with further training as a Secessionist minister at the Burgher Synod. Ministry in Scotland In 1821 he was ordained at the Secessionist Church at Albion Street in the Merchant City in Glasgow. From 1835 he took on the additional role as Professor of Theology at Divinity Hall. In 1839, as part of a wider absorption o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Lawson (minister)
George Lawson may refer to: * George Lawson (MP for York) (1493–1543), English member of parliament * George Lawson (English clergyman) (1598–1678), English divine and writer * George Lawson (Scottish minister) (1749–1820), Scottish minister and biblical scholar * George Lawson (botanist) (1827–1895), Canadian botanist * George Anderson Lawson (1832–1904), British sculptor * George Mervyn Lawson (1865–1945), South African clergyman * George Lawson (Australian politician) (1880–1966), Australian politician * George Lawson (RAF officer) (1899–1922), South African World War I flying ace * George Lawson (MP for Motherwell) (1906–1978), Scottish member of parliament, 1954–1974 * George Lawson (judge), judge in Ceylon * George Lawson, American singer from the vocal group Deep River Boys The Deep River Boys were an American gospel music group active from the mid-1930s and into the 1980s. The group performed spirituals, gospel, and R&B. Members The original gr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ralph Erskine (minister)
Ralph Erskine (18 March 1685 – 6 November 1752) was a Scottish churchman. Ralph Erskine was the son of Henry Erskine. He was also the younger brother of another prominent churchman, Ebenezer Erskine. He was chaplain and tutor to the 'Black' Col. John Erskine from 1705 to 1709. After studying at the University of Edinburgh, Ralph was ordained assistant minister at Dunfermline in 1711. He ratified the protests which his brother laid on the table of the assembly after being rebuked for his synod sermon, but he did not formally withdraw from the establishment till 1737. He was also present at, though not a member of, the first meeting of the "associate presbytery". When the severance took place over the oath administered to burgesses, he adhered, along with his brother, to the burgher section. His works consist of sermons, poetical paraphrases and gospel sonnets. ''The Gospel Sonnets'' have frequently appeared separately. His ''Life and Diary'', edited by the Rev. D Fraser, was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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