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Burelage
Burelage (french: burelage), also burelé, is a French term referring to an intricate network of fine lines, dots or other designs printed over or as the background of some postage or revenue stamps to prevent counterfeiting. In English the word is sometimes spelled with an accent on the first "e" as burélage, although the accent does not appear in the French spelling and its origin is unclear. Burelage most commonly appears as a form of underprinting. Early uses of burelage on postage stamps include the first issue of the stamps of Denmark from 1851, and stamps issued by the City of Hanover beginning in 1855. Stamp varieties may be distinguished in catalogs based on the presence or absence of burelage as well as variations in the burelage itself, such as the size of network, orientation on the stamp, color, or method of printing.Scott Catalogue, Denmark, nos. 1-2 note (first printing from copper plate ecess printed later printing typographed). Although burelage is usually unob ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burelage
Burelage (french: burelage), also burelé, is a French term referring to an intricate network of fine lines, dots or other designs printed over or as the background of some postage or revenue stamps to prevent counterfeiting. In English the word is sometimes spelled with an accent on the first "e" as burélage, although the accent does not appear in the French spelling and its origin is unclear. Burelage most commonly appears as a form of underprinting. Early uses of burelage on postage stamps include the first issue of the stamps of Denmark from 1851, and stamps issued by the City of Hanover beginning in 1855. Stamp varieties may be distinguished in catalogs based on the presence or absence of burelage as well as variations in the burelage itself, such as the size of network, orientation on the stamp, color, or method of printing.Scott Catalogue, Denmark, nos. 1-2 note (first printing from copper plate ecess printed later printing typographed). Although burelage is usually unob ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Postage Stamps And Postal History Of The Danish West Indies
St Thomas was a hub of the West Indies Package delivery, packet service from 1851 to 1885. Initially mail was transported by a Spanish packet to and from Puerto Rico; but in July 1867 the British picked up the mail contract, and packet letters are known using British stamps as late as 1879. First stamps The first postage stamp of the Danish West Indies was issued in 1856. It had the same square coat of arms design as the contemporary stamps of Denmark, but it was denominated 3 cents and of a dark carmine color on yellowish paper. A yellow burelage of wavy lines covered the stamp. (In the illustration at right, it is most easily seen along the bottom edge of the larger version.) An 1866 printing was on white paper, with the direction of the burelage lines changed, and in 1872 the stamps were perforation, perforated. In 1873 a 4c value in dull blue was issued. 1874 saw the first Danish numeral issue, numeral issues of the same sort as used in Denmark. Values ranged from 1c to 50c; a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Security Paper
Security paper is a paper used in security printing that incorporates features that can be used to identify or authenticate a document as original, e.g., watermarks or invisible fibres in paper, or features that demonstrate tamper evidence when fraud is attempted, e.g., to remove or alter print such as amounts or signatures on a cheque. Examples of this kind of papers are used for banknotes and used for identification such as passports and certificates, such as birth certificates and different types of academic and qualification certificates, as well as government documents, e.g., voting ballots and tax strips. This also extends to personal and business checks, stock certificates, certificates issued by financial institutions and sensitive government-issued documents. The main use of security paper is to stop people from counterfeiting. History An initial patent for the manufacturing process for security paper was granted to Robert E. Menzies and John E. Aitken in the early 20 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grill (philately)
A grill on a postage stamp is an embossed pattern of small indentations intended to discourage postage stamp reuse. Used in the United States in the 1860s and 1870s, they were designed to allow the ink of the cancellation to be absorbed more readily by the fibres of the stamp paper, making it harder to wash off the cancellation.Bennett, Russell and Watson, James; ''Philatelic Terms Illustrated'', Stanley Gibbons Publications, London (1978). In the United States The best-known (indeed only major) examples of grilling are the United States issues of the late 1860s and early 1870s, when grilling was standard for all US stamps. "Grilling" therefore remains a specialist interest only for American philatelists. While many types of grilled stamps are common, certain of the grill patterns were little-used, and define some of the great rarities of philately. In particular, the 1-cent stamp with the "Z" grill is generally cited as the rarest of all US stamps (only two copies are known) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Overprint
An overprint is an additional layer of text or graphics added to the face of a postage or revenue stamp, postal stationery, banknote or ticket after it has been printed. Post offices most often use overprints for internal administrative purposes such as accounting but they are also employed in public mail. Well-recognized varieties include commemorative overprints which are produced for their public appeal and command significant interest in the field of philately. Surcharges The term "surcharge" in philately describes any type of overprint that alters the price of a stamp.Williams & Williams, p. 258. Surcharges raise or lower the face value of existing stamps when prices have changed too quickly to produce an appropriate new issue, or simply to use up surplus stocks. Any overprint which restates a stamp's face value in a new currency is also described as a surcharge. Some postal systems have resorted to surcharge overprints when converting to a new national monetary syst ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Postage Stamps And Postal History Of Yugoslavia
The story of the postage stamps and postal history of Yugoslavia officially begins with the formation of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes on 1 December 1918. Formation Prior to the formation of the Kingdom, each of the constituent territories had their own postal systems and history. Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia-Slavonia actually issued stamps for the new regime in November, before it was formally created. In the former case the Austrian-issued pictorial stamps of 1910 were overprinted, some in Latin characters reading "DRZAVA S.H.S. / 1918 1918 / Bosna j Hercegovina" and others in their Cyrillic equivalent. In Croatia-Slavonia, stamps of Hungary overprinted with "HRVATSKA / SHS" went on sale 18 November. In Slovenia, design work began at this time, with the first stamps of the Verigar issue going on sale 3 January 1919. Croatia-Slavonia issued their own designs of stamps in 1919 as well, using various allegorical designs. Slovenia issued additional allegori ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Postage Stamps And Postal History Of Serbia
This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Serbia. History The Principality of Serbia began to issue its own stamps in 1866. Serbia was elevated to the status of a Kingdom in 1881. World War I During the First World War, the territory of Serbia was under Austro-Hungarian occupation. Stamps of Bosnia and Herzegovina overprinted "Serbien" were issued for Serbia. File:StampAustriaSerbia1916Michel42.jpg, Postage stamp for Serbia under Austro-Hungarian occupation , 1916 Kingdom of Yugoslavia In 1920, its postal system was merged with the postal system of the former Austro-Hungarian territories with which it formed the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, later the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. World War II After the Germans established the Government of National Salvation in 1941, it issued its own stamps until 1944. Initially, Yugoslavian stamps were simply overprinted in German with the word ''Serbien''. Later regular issues were inscribed both ''Serbien'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Consular Assistance
Consular assistance is help and advice provided by the diplomatic agents of a country to citizens of that country who are living or traveling overseas. The diplomats may be honorary consuls, or members of the country's diplomatic service. Such assistance may take the form of: * provision of replacement travel documents * advice and support in the case of an accident, serious illness, or death * advice and support to victims of serious crime overseas, and arranging for next-of-kin to be informed * visitation contact with incarcerated nationals * liaison with local police officials in the case of nationals abducted or missing overseas * loans to distressed travellers * help during crises, such as civil unrest and natural disasters * facilitating the overseas payment of social welfare benefits * registering citizen births abroad * providing a list of local doctors and lawyers for medical and/or legal issues * supervising their flag vessels in foreign harbours Such assistance common ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Postage Stamps And Postal History Of Russia
A Russian Empire postman. This a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union and the modern Russian Federation. Postal history Early history Records mention a system of messengers in the 10th century. Early letters were carried in the form of a roll, with a wax or lead seal; the earliest known of these seals dates from 1079, and mentions a governor Ratibor of Tmutarakan. The earliest surviving cover was sent in 1391 from La Tana (now Azov) to Venice. By the 16th century, the postal system included 1,600 locations, and mail took 3 days to travel from Moscow to Novgorod. In 1634, a peace treaty between Russia and Poland established a route to Warsaw, becoming Russia's first regular international service. Russian Empire Peter the Great enacted reforms making the postal system more uniform in its operations, and in 1714 the first general post offices opened in Saint Petersburg and Moscow. “Regular post-service” was establi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Postage Stamps And Postal History Of Mexico
The Mexican postal system has its roots in the Aztec system of messengers which the Spanish adopted after the Conquest. A postal service was established in 1580, mainly to communicate between the viceroyalty of New Spain with the motherland Spain. During the 18th century, Spain established a formal postal system with regular routes. In 1856, Mexico issued its first adhesive postage stamps, with "district overprints", a unique feature among postal systems worldwide, employed to protect from theft of postage stamps. In 1891, the postal and stamp issuing authority was created as an administrative division of the Secretaría de Comunicaciones ( Secretariat of Communications). It was called Servicio Postal Mexicano (Sepomex). In 1901, the Dirección General de Correos (General Direction of Mail) was made a separate government agency. The Palacio de Correos de Mexico is used since 1907 as main post office. The Mexican Revolution and ensuing Civil Wars (1910–1920) resulted in numerous p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dallay
Dallay is a French philatelic editor established in Paris. Dallay has published stamp catalogs since 2001. The catalogs list postage stamps issued by France and other francophone areas: metropolitan France, French overseas territories, French post in Andorra and Monaco. In late 2005, Dallay published a catalog for the French former colonial empire. The catalogs provide detailed information about the stamps, such as, stamp designers' names, postal use at the time of issue, etc. In 2004, Dallay was convicted by a court of justice of forgery and unfair competition for the use of Yvert numbering system which was first used in 1895. In March 2005, after arbitration by the French ''Conseil de la Concurrence'' (Competition Commission), Yvert et Tellier Yvert et Tellier is a postage stamp dealer and a philatelic publishing company founded in 1895 in the northern French city of Amiens, where the head office is still located. The logo is a circle divided into a snowflake and a smiling ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
