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Buellia Capensis
''Buellia capensis'' is a species of crustose lichen in the family Caliciaceae. Found in South Africa, it was formally described as new species in 2021 by John Elix and Helmut Mayrhofer. The type specimen was collected south of Langebaan (Seeberg, Cape Province) at an altitude ranging from ; here it was found growing on granite from a south-exposed slope. It is only known from the type collection. The contains several secondary compounds, including lichexanthone and secalonic acid A as major metabolites, and trace amounts of fumarprotocetraric acid and succinprotocetraric acid. The specific epithet In taxonomy, binomial nomenclature ("two-term naming system"), also called nomenclature ("two-name naming system") or binary nomenclature, is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, bot ... ''capensis'' refers to the region of the type locality. See also * List of ''Buellia'' species References capensis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Alan Elix
John Alan (Jack) Elix (born 1941) emeritus professor in chemistry at the Australian National University, is an organic chemist who has contributed in many fields: lichenology, lichen chemotaxonomy, plant physiology and biodiversity and natural product chemistry. He has authored 2282 species names, and 67 genera in the field of mycology. Education His first degree, B.Sc., and his Ph.D were both in organic chemistry from the University of Adelaide. This was followed by post-doctoral years at the University of Cambridge and then a D.Sc. in natural products chemistry from the Australian National University. Career Elix spent a post doctoral year in 1966 at Cambridge, returning to Australia in 1967 to a lectureship in chemistry at the ANU. He retired as professor of chemistry in 2002, becoming professor emeritus. By 1975 he had already published several papers on the organic chemistry of lichens, and ultimately leading to work on the evolution, taxonomy and phylogeny of liche ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lichens Described In 2021
A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.Introduction to Lichens – An Alliance between Kingdoms . University of California Museum of Paleontology. Lichens have properties different from those of their component organisms. They come in many colors, sizes, and forms and are sometimes plant-like, but are not s. They may have tiny, leafless branches (); flat leaf-like structures ( |
Lichen Species
A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.Introduction to Lichens – An Alliance between Kingdoms . University of California Museum of Paleontology. Lichens have properties different from those of their component organisms. They come in many colors, sizes, and forms and are sometimes plant-like, but are not s. They may have tiny, leafless branches (); flat leaf-like structures ( |
Buellia
''Buellia'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Caliciaceae. The fungi are usually part of a crustose lichen. In this case, the lichen species is given the same name as the fungus. But members may also grow as parasites on lichens (lichenicolous). The algae in the lichen (the photobiont partner) is always a member of the genus ''Trebouxia''. Lichens in the genus are commonly called disc lichens, or button lichens.Field Guide to California Lichens, Stephen Sharnoff, Yale University Press, 2014, The genus has a widespread distribution and contains about 450 species. Genetic studies indicate that the genus ''Amandinea'' and ''Buellia'' may be the same,Scheidegger, C. 2009. Amandinea Choisy ex Scheid. & H. Mayrhofer (1993). In: C. W. Smith, A. Aptroot, B. J. Coppins, A. Fletcher, O. L. Gilbert, P. W. James and P. A. Wosley (eds.) The Lichens of Great Britain and Ireland. The British Lichen Society, Natural History Museum Publications, United Kingdom, pp. 142– ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Buellia Species
This is a list of species in the predominantly crustose lichen genus ''Buellia''. They are commonly known as "button lichens" due to the characteristic shape of their apothecia. A 2020 estimate placed about 300 species in the genus. , Species Fungorum accepts 201 species (including 9 varieties) in ''Buellia''. A *'' Buellia adjuncta'' *'' Buellia aequata'' *'' Buellia aeruginascens'' *'' Buellia aeruginosa'' – Australia *'' Buellia aethalea'' *'' Buellia akatorensis'' – New Zealand *'' Buellia albulella'' – Australia *'' Buellia alectorialica'' – New Zealand *''Buellia amandineiformis'' – Australia *'' Buellia amblyogona'' *'' Buellia arborea'' *'' Buellia arenaria'' *''Buellia arnoldii'' *''Buellia asterella'' *''Buellia atroflavella'' *''Buellia austera'' – Australia *''Buellia austroabstracta'' – Australia *''Buellia austroalpina'' – Australia B *''Buellia badia'' *''Buellia billewersii'' – New Zealand *''Buellia bogongensis'' – A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type Locality (biology)
In biology, a type is a particular specimen (or in some cases a group of specimens) of an organism to which the scientific name of that organism is formally attached. In other words, a type is an example that serves to anchor or centralizes the defining features of that particular taxon. In older usage (pre-1900 in botany), a type was a taxon rather than a specimen. A taxon is a scientifically named grouping of organisms with other like organisms, a set that includes some organisms and excludes others, based on a detailed published description (for example a species description) and on the provision of type material, which is usually available to scientists for examination in a major museum research collection, or similar institution. Type specimen According to a precise set of rules laid down in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) and the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN), the scientific name of every taxon is almost a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Botanical Name
A botanical name is a formal scientific name conforming to the '' International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants'' (ICN) and, if it concerns a plant cultigen, the additional cultivar or Group epithets must conform to the ''International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants'' (ICNCP). The code of nomenclature covers "all organisms traditionally treated as algae, fungi, or plants, whether fossil or non-fossil, including blue-green algae ( Cyanobacteria), chytrids, oomycetes, slime moulds and photosynthetic protists with their taxonomically related non-photosynthetic groups (but excluding Microsporidia)." The purpose of a formal name is to have a single name that is accepted and used worldwide for a particular plant or plant group. For example, the botanical name ''Bellis perennis'' denotes a plant species which is native to most of the countries of Europe and the Middle East, where it has accumulated various names in many languages. Later, the plant was intro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Succinprotocetraric Acid
Succinprotocetraric acid is an organic chemical compound with the formula C22H18O12. It is the ester of succinic acid and protocetraric acid and it is classified as a depsidone. Succinprotocetraric acid is produced by certain lichens. Known sources * ''Buellia capensis'' * '' Chondropsis semiviridis'' * '' Menegazzia petraea'' * '' Parmelia reptans'' * '' Cladonia metacorallifera'' * '' Cladonia rangiferina'' * ''Cladonia arbuscula'' * ''Cetraria islandica'', though only of a specific chemotype A chemotype (sometimes chemovar) is a chemically distinct entity in a plant or microorganism, with differences in the composition of the secondary metabolites. Minor genetic and epigenetic changes with little or no effect on morphology or anatomy m ...{{cite journal , last1=Xu , first1=Maonian , last2=Heidmarsson , first2=Starri , last3=Thorsteinsdottir , first3=Margret , last4=Kreuzer , first4=Marco , last5=Hawkins , first5=Julie , last6=Omarsdottir , first6=Sesselja , last7=Olaf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lichexanthone
Lichexanthone is an organic compound in the structural class of chemicals known as xanthones. Lichexanthone was first isolated and identified by Japanese chemists from a species of leafy lichen in the 1940s. The compound is known to occur in many lichens, and it is important in the taxonomy of species in several genera, such as ''Pertusaria'' and ''Pyxine''. More than a dozen lichen species have a variation of the word lichexanthone incorporated as part of their binomial name. The presence of lichexanthone in lichens causes them to fluoresce a greenish-yellow colour under long-wavelength UV light; this feature is used to help identify some species. Lichexanthone is also found in several plants (many are from the families Annonaceae and Rutaceae), and some species of fungi that do not form lichens. In lichens, the biosynthesis of lichexanthone occurs through a set of enzymatic reactions that start with the molecule acetyl-CoA and sequentially add successive units, forming a longe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crustose Lichen
Crustose lichens are lichens that form a crust which strongly adheres to the Substrate (biology), substrate (soil, rock, tree bark, etc.), making separation from the substrate impossible without destruction. The basic structure of crustose lichens consists of a cortex (botany), cortex layer, an algal layer, and a medulla. The upper cortex layer is differentiated and is usually pigmented. The algal layer lies beneath the cortex. The medulla fastens the lichen to the substrate and is made up of Fungus, fungal hyphae. The surface of crustose lichens is characterized by branching cracks that periodically close in response to climatic variations such as alternate wetting and drying regimes. Subtypes * Powdery – considered as the simplest subtype due to the absence of an organized thallus. :The thallus appears powdery. :E.g. Genera ''Lepraria'', ''Vezdaea'' * Endolithic – grows inside the rock, usually in interstitial spaces between mineral grains. The :upper cortex is usually d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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