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Buandig
The Bungandidj people are an Aboriginal Australian people from the Mount Gambier region in south-eastern South Australia, and also in western Victoria. Their language is the Bungandidj language. Bungandidj was historically frequently rendered as Boandik, Buandig, or Booandik. History Prehistory The territory of not only the Bunganndidj but also their neighbours the Meintangk, has been revealed, by archaeological explorations, to have been inhabited for some 30,000 years. Coastal occupation around the Robe and Cape Banks attests that habitation from, at a low estimate, 5,800 BP. Their name comes from ''Bung-an-ditj'', meaning "people of the reeds", which indicates their connection to land and water. First contact First contact between the Bungandidj and Europeans occurred in the early 1820s. Panchy from the Bungandidj recounted to Christina Smith the story of the first sighting of ships at Rivoli Bay in either 1822 or 1823, and his mother's abduction for three months before ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christina Smith (missionary)
Christina Smith (1809–1893), generally referred to as Mrs James Smith, was a teacher and Christian missionary who documented the lives, customs, legends, and language of the Buandig Indigenous Australians (historically spelled Booandik) who live in south-eastern South Australia and western Victoria, Australia, Victoria. Biography Born in Glenyon, Perthshire, Scotland around 25 July 1809, she was raised a devout Presbyterianism, Presbyterian. She emigrated to Australia with her son Duncan Stewart (1833–1913) and two brothers after the death of her first husband, reaching Melbourne on 27 October 1839. Her second marriage was to James Smith, a Presbyterian teacher at the Collins Street Congregational Church. Christina had eight children in this marriage. The Smiths moved to Rivoli Bay south (Greytown) in 1845 where Christina acted with Christian compassion for the Buandig people concerned at their treatment by other European settlers and engaged in education and Christian missio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Indigenous Australian Group Names
This list of Australian Aboriginal group names includes names and collective designations which have been applied, either currently or in the past, to groups of Aboriginal Australians. The list does not include Torres Strait Islander peoples, who are ethnically, culturally and linguistically distinct from Australian Aboriginal peoples, although also an Indigenous Australian people. Typically, Aboriginal Australian mobs are differentiated by language groups. Most Aboriginal people could name a number of groups of which they are members, each group being defined in terms of different criteria and often with much overlap. Many of the names listed below are properly understood as language or dialect names; some are simply the word meaning ''man'' or ''person'' in the associated language; some are endonyms (the name as used by the people themselves) and some exonyms (names used by one group for another, and not by that group itself), while others are demonyms (terms for people from sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bungandidj Language
Bungandidj is a language of Australia, spoken by the Bungandidj people, Indigenous Australians who lived in an area which is now in south-eastern South Australia and in south-western Victoria. According to Christina Smith and her book on the Buandig people, the Bungandidj called their language ''drualat-ngolonung'' (speech of man), or ''Booandik-ngolo'' (speech of the Booandik).Christina Smith, The Booandik Tribe of South Australian Aborigines: A Sketch of Their Habits, Customs, Legends, and Language', Spiller, 1880 As of 2017, there is a revival and maintenance programme under way for the language. Historical variants of the name include: ''Bunganditj'', ''Bungandaetch'', ''Bunga(n)daetcha'', ''Bungandity'', ''Bungandit'', ''Buganditch'', ''Bungaditj'', ''Pungantitj'', ''Pungatitj'', ''Booganitch'', ''Buanditj'', ''Buandik'', ''Booandik'', ''Boandiks'', ''Bangandidj'', ''Bungandidjk'', ''Pungandik'', ''Bak-on-date'', ''Barconedeet'', ''Booandik-ngolo'', ''Borandikngolo'', ''Bun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dhauwurd Wurrung
The Gunditjmara or Gunditjamara, also known as Dhauwurd Wurrung, are an Aboriginal Australian people of southwestern Victoria. They are the traditional owners of the areas now encompassing Warrnambool, Port Fairy, Woolsthorpe and Portland. Their land includes much of the Budj Bim heritage areas. The Kerrup Jmara (Kerrupjmara, Kerrup-Jmara) are a clan of the Gunditjmara, whose traditional lands are around Lake Condah. The Koroitgundidj (Koroit gundidj) are another clan group, whose lands are around Tower Hill. The Djargurd Wurrung, Girai wurrung, and Gadubanud are also Aboriginal Victorian groups who all spoke languages in the dialect continuum known as the Dhauwurd Wurrung language ("Gunditjmara language"). Name Gunditjmara is formed from two morphemes: ''Gunditj'', a suffix denoting belonging to a particular group or locality, and the noun ''mara'', meaning "man". Language The Dhauwurd wurrung language is a term used for a group of languages spoken by various groups of the Gu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mount Gambier, South Australia
Mount Gambier is the second most populated city in South Australia, with an estimated urban population of 33,233 . The city is located on the slopes of Mount Gambier, a volcano in the south east of the state, about south-east of the capital Adelaide and just from the Victorian border. The traditional owners of the area are the Bungandidj (or Boandik) people. Mount Gambier is the most important settlement in the Limestone Coast region and the seat of government for both the City of Mount Gambier and the District Council of Grant. The city is well known for its geographical features, particularly its volcanic and limestone features, most notably Blue Lake / Warwar, and its parks, gardens, caves and sinkholes. History Before British colonisation of South Australia, the Bungandidj (or Boandik) people were the original Aboriginal inhabitants of the area. They referred to the peak of the volcanic mountain as 'ereng balam' or 'egree belum', meaning 'home of the eagle hawk', but th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edward Henty
Edward Henty (28 March 1810 – 14 August 1878), was a pioneer British colonist and is regarded as the first permanent settler in the Port Phillip district (later known as the colony of Victoria), Australia. Early life and family background Edward was born in Tarring, West Sussex, England, the fourth surviving son of Thomas Henty, who came of a well-known Sussex banking family, and his wife Frances Elizabeth Hopkins of Poling, West Sussex. His father inherited £30,000 and bought the property generally called the Church Farm at West Tarring, and bred high value Merino sheep, some of which were purchased by capitalist entrepreneurs in the Australian colonies such as John Macarthur. After an economic downturn hit England in the mid 1820s, Edward's eldest brother James Henty thought that better opportunities for the family existed in Australia. In 1829 James travelled to the Swan River Colony with two other brothers, Stephen and John. Edward remained Sussex, studying and assistin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Portland, Victoria
Portland is a city in Victoria, Australia, and is the oldest European settlement in the state. It is also the main urban centre in the Shire of Glenelg and is located on Portland Bay. As of the 2021 census the population was 10,016, increasing from a population of 9,712 taken at the 2016 census. History Early history The Gunditjmara, an Aboriginal Australian people, are the traditional owners of much of south-west Victoria, including what is now Portland, having lived there for thousands of years. They are today renowned for their early aquaculture development at nearby Lake Condah. Physical remains such as the weirs and fish traps are to be found in the Budj Bim heritage areas. The Gunditjmara were a settled people, living in small circular weather-proof stone huts about high, grouped as villages, often around eel traps and aquaculture ponds. On just one hectare of Allambie Farm, archaeologists have discovered the remains of 160 house sites. 19th century European settlement ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mass Poisonings Of Aboriginal Australians
Several recorded instances of mass poisonings of Aboriginal Australians occurred during the European colonisation of Australia. Aboriginal resistance to colonisation led settlers to look for ways to kill or drive them off their land. While the settlers would typically attempt to eliminate Aboriginal resistance through massacres, occasionally they would attempt to secretly poison them as well. Typically, poisoned food and drink would be given to Aboriginal people or left out in the open where they could find it. Whilst Aboriginal raids on new settlers' homes may have led to the consumption of poisonous products which had been mistaken for food, there is some evidence that tainted consumables may have either been knowingly given out to groups of Aboriginal people, or purposely left in accessible places where they were taken away and eaten collectively by the local clans. As a result, numerous incidents of deaths of Aboriginal people due to the consumption of poisonous substanc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Damper (food)
Damper is a thick homemade soda bread traditionally prepared by early European settlers in Australia. The bread is different from bush bread, which has been made by Indigenous Australians for thousands of years and was traditionally made by crushing a variety of native seeds, nuts and roots, mixing them into a dough, and then baking the dough in the coals of a fire. There is ongoing investigation into whether this technique of various Aboriginal peoples influenced the development of colonial-era damper, similarly cooked in the ashes of a camp fire. Damper is a bread made from wheat-based dough. Flour, salt and water, with some butter if available, is lightly kneaded and baked in the coals of a campfire, either directly or within a camp oven. When cooked as smaller, individually-sized portions, these damper "bush scones" are often called " johnny cakes". It is uncertain if this name was influenced by the term for North American cornmeal bread. However, Australian johnny cakes, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mount Schank
Mount Schank is a high dormant volcano in the southeast corner of South Australia, near Mount Gambier. It was sighted by James Grant on 3 December 1800 and named after Admiral John Schank, designer of Grant's ship, HMS '' Lady Nelson''. Mount Schank is part of the Newer Volcanics Province, which is the youngest volcanic field in Australia. Mount Schank erupted about 5,000 years ago, around the same time as Mount Gambier.Sheard, M.J. (1995) Quaternary volcanic activity and volcanic hazards. pp.265-268 in Drexel, JF., and Preiss, WV., ''The Geology of South Australia'', Geological Survey of South Australia, Bulletin 54. It is a very basic ash cone and the base of the crater does not extend below the water table, so there is no crater lake as with those at Mount Gambier. There are two small subsidiary craters adjacent to the main cone and some lava flows resulting from the eruption. The northern crater is circular, in diameter and deep, the older southern crater is in di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry Arthur
Henry Arthur (1801 – 9 June 1848) was nephew to the fourth Lieutenant-governor of Van Diemen's Land, George Arthur. He was an original investor in the Port Phillip Association and was the first European to settle in the area now known as Arthurs Creek, Victoria. He was born at Plymouth, England and arrived in Van Diemen's Land with his younger brother Charles aged 22, in the retinue of their uncle George Arthur newly appointed Lieutenant-Governor of Van Diemen's Land at Hobart on the 'Adrian' on 12 May 1824. In 1830 he was appointed a justice of the peace and collector of customs with a staff of four officers at Launceston. He resigned in February 1836 and went next month to Port Phillip (now Melbourne) as an investor in the Port Phillip Association with several hundred sheep. By February 1836 he and Michael Connolly were reported to have a flock of over 100 sheep at Arthurs Creek, Victoria a sheep run 40 km north of Melbourne he had been granted. He was a founder of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Woakwine Range
The Woakwine Range is a low range of hills parallel to the coast in the southeast of South Australia. It extends from the coast at Cape Jaffa southeast to the Kongorong area. The Woakwine range consists of calcrete beach and dune deposits from the Pleistocene Epoch. The Woakwine Conservation Park is near the northwestern end of the range, east of Robe. The Woakwine Range blocked natural rainfall from draining to the coast, resulting in swamp and marshland inland of the range, which drained very slowly. In the first part of the 20th century, farmers desired to drain the swamps to increase the available farmland. The Woakwine Cutting was created in 1957 as a drainage cut through the range, draining into Lake George near Beachport. The Lake Bonney Wind Farm and Canunda Wind Farm are on the ridge of the Woakwine Range in the vicinity of Tantanoola and Millicent. Infigen Energy Infigen Energy (Infigen), operating under this name since 29 April 2009, is a developer, owner and o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
