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Bruniquel
Bruniquel (; Languedocien: ''Borniquèl'') is a commune in the Tarn-et-Garonne department in the Occitanie region in southern France. Geography The tiny fortified village of 561 inhabitants is at an altitude of by the river Aveyron. The river Vère flows northward through the commune, then flows into the Aveyron, which forms most of the commune's northern border. Sights The village is a picturesque mixture of old pink stone and red tile with a dramatic belfry, medieval gateways and defensive walls. Two feudal medieval castles dominate the village and the valley, one of which is the Château de Bruniquel. The 'old' castle was built in the 12th century on the ruins of an earlier fortress said to have been founded by Queen Brunehaut in the 6th century and remained occupied until the 20th century. It was the home of William of Tudela who wrote the first part of ''La Chanson de la Croisade Albigeoise'', an account of the Albigensian Crusade against the Cathars. The castle is n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bruniquel Cave
Bruniquel Cave is an archeological site near Bruniquel, in an area that has many paleolithic sites, east of Montauban in southwestern France. Annular (ring) and accumulation (pile) structures made of broken stalagmites have been found 336 metres from the cave entrance. Traces of fire were also found. The constructions have been dated to around 176,000 years ago. In a letter to ''Nature'' reporting the discovery in 2016, Jacques Jaubert and his co-authors state that the structures are of anthropogenic origin, and as early Neanderthals were the only humans in the area at that time, they must have been the builders, a conclusion which is accepted by Chris Stringer of the Natural History Museum in London. The discovery shows that early Neanderthals were capable of building more elaborate structures than previously realised, and that they had a more complex social organisation than previously thought. The modern human Aurignacian culture, over 100,000 years later, is not known to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Château De Bruniquel
The Château de Bruniquel is a castle in the French ''commune'' of Bruniquel, in the Tarn-et-Garonne ''département'' of the Occitanie region of France. Name The castle is often called ''Châteaux'' de Bruniquel (i.e. castles, plural). This is because, two centuries after its construction, the castle was shared between two branches of the Comminges house, hence "''château vieux''" (old castle) and "''château jeune''" (young castle). Legend According to Gregory of Tours, the Merovingian Queen Brunehaut or Brunhilda built the first castle, "''château vieux''" or "''castel Biel'' in the 6th century on the site of a Roman ''castrum''. Architecture Of the early 12th century castle, the only remains are partial foundations, parts of walls and the keep, the so-called Tour de Brunehaut. The site has been altered at various times, notably in the 13th, 15th, 17th and 19th centuries. The ''"château vieux"'' still has its keep from the 12th century, an era when the castle was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neanderthal
Neanderthals (, also ''Homo neanderthalensis'' and erroneously ''Homo sapiens neanderthalensis''), also written as Neandertals, are an extinct species or subspecies of archaic humans who lived in Eurasia until about 40,000 years ago. While the "causes of Neanderthal disappearance about 40,000 years ago remain highly contested," demographic factors such as small population size, inbreeding and genetic drift, are considered probable factors. Other scholars have proposed competitive replacement, assimilation into the modern human genome (bred into extinction), great climatic change, disease, or a combination of these factors. It is unclear when the line of Neanderthals split from that of modern humans; studies have produced various intervals ranging from 315,000 to more than 800,000 years ago. The date of divergence of Neanderthals from their ancestor ''H. heidelbergensis'' is also unclear. The oldest potential Neanderthal bones date to 430,000 years ago, but the classification ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tarn-et-Garonne
Tarn-et-Garonne (; oc, Tarn e Garona ) is a department in the Occitania region in Southern France. It is traversed by the rivers Tarn and Garonne, from which it takes its name. The area was originally part of the former provinces of Quercy and Languedoc. The department was created in 1808 under Napoleon, with territory taken from the neighbouring Lot, Haute-Garonne, Lot-et-Garonne, Gers and Aveyron departments. The department is mostly rural with fertile agricultural land in the broad river valley, but there are hilly areas to the south, east and north. The departmental prefecture is Montauban; the sole subprefecture is Castelsarrasin. In 2019, it had a population of 260,669.Populations légales 2019: 82 Tarn-et-Garonne INSEE History History of the regi ...
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Cave Of Mayrières Supérieure
The Cave of Mayrières supérieure (french: Grotte de Mayrières supérieure, en, Upper Mayriere Cave) is an archaeological site near Bruniquel, Tarn-et-Garonne, France, which contained two prehistoric cave paintings of bison until they were erased during an attempt to remove modern graffiti by members of the Eclaireurs de France, a French scouting association. The act earned them the 1992 Ig Nobel Prize The Ig Nobel Prize ( ) is a satiric prize awarded annually since 1991 to celebrate ten unusual or trivial achievements in scientific research. Its aim is to "honor achievements that first make people laugh, and then make them think." The name o ... in Archaeology. References External links Paintings before removal Landforms of Tarn-et-Garonne Mayrieres superieure Archaeological sites in France {{europe-archaeology-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swimming Reindeer
The ''Swimming Reindeer'' is a 13,000-year-old Magdalenian sculpture of two swimming reindeer conserved in the British Museum. The sculpture was made in what is now modern-day France by an unknown sculptor who carved the artwork from the tip of a mammoth tusk. The sculpture was found in two pieces in 1866, but it was not until 1904 that Abbé Henri Breuil realised that the two pieces fit together to form a single artwork of two reindeer swimming nose-to-tail. Discovery The pieces of the sculpture were discovered by a French engineer, Peccadeau de l’Isle, in 1866 while he was trying to find evidence of early man on the banks of the River Aveyron, although contemporary accounts attributed the find to Victor Brun, a local antiquarian. At the time, de l'Isle was employed in the construction of a railway line from Montauban to Rodez, and while digging for artefacts in his spare time he found some prehistoric flint tools and several examples of late Ice Age prehistoric art in a r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aveyron (river)
The Aveyron (; oc, Avairon) is a 291 km long river in southern France, right tributary of the Tarn. It rises in the southern Massif Central, near Sévérac-le-Château. In 1855 evidence of prehistoric man was found near Bruniquel under a hill called Montastruc. The hill was 98 foot high. The account said the overhang extended for about 46 feet along the river and the area enclosed was 298 square yards. Within this cave was found the 13,000-year-old sculpture called Swimming Reindeer. Louis Fulier, p.88, accessed 4 August 2010 Tributaries include * * |
Vère
The Vère (; oc, Vera) is a river in the Tarn and Tarn-et-Garonne departments in southern France. Its source is at Taïx. It flows generally west-northwest. It is a left tributary of the Aveyron, into which it flows at Bruniquel. Departments and communes along its course This list is ordered from source to mouth: *Tarn: Taïx, Cagnac-les-Mines, Mailhoc, Villeneuve-sur-Vère, Noailles, Cestayrols, Cahuzac-sur-Vère, Vieux, Le Verdier, Castelnau-de-Montmiral Castelnau-de-Montmiral (; oc, Castèlnòu de Montmiralh) is a commune in the Tarn department in southern France. Demography Geography The Vère flows westward through the commune. History While traces of activities dating back to the B ..., Sainte-Cécile-du-Cayrou, Puycelci, Larroque *Tarn-et-Garonne: Bruniquel References Rivers of France Rivers of Occitania (administrative region) Rivers of Tarn (department) Rivers of Tarn-et-Garonne {{France-river-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Graffiti
Graffiti (plural; singular ''graffiti'' or ''graffito'', the latter rarely used except in archeology) is art that is written, painted or drawn on a wall or other surface, usually without permission and within public view. Graffiti ranges from simple written words to elaborate wall paintings, and has existed Graffito (archaeology), since ancient times, with examples dating back to ancient Egypt, ancient Greece, and the Roman Empire. Graffiti is a controversial subject. In most countries, marking or painting property without permission is considered by property owners and civic authorities as defacement and vandalism, which is a punishable crime, citing the use of graffiti by street gangs to mark territory or to serve as an indicator of gang-related activities. Graffiti has become visualized as a growing urban "problem" for many cities in industrialized nations, spreading from the New York City Subway nomenclature, New York City subway system and Philadelphia in the early 1970s to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Of Tudela
William of Tudela (in Occitan, Guilhem de Tudela; in French, Guillaume de Tudèle; fl. 1199-1214) was the author of the first part of the '' Canso de la Crozada'' or ''Song of the Albigensian Crusade'', an epic poem in Old Occitan giving a contemporary account of the crusade against the Cathars. According to his own account in the first lines of his poem, William was born in Tudela in the Kingdom of Navarre (Spain). He refers to himself as ''maestre'' and ''clerc'', indicating that his studies entitled him to the title of Master and that he had taken minor orders. He specifically states that he studied geomancy. In or around 1199, William of Tudela went to Montauban (France) and lived there for 11 years. He claims that his knowledge of the future through geomancy impelled him to move in 1210 to Bruniquel, which had then just been bestowed on Baldwin, estranged brother of Count Raymond VI of Toulouse. The result of this move (and possibly one of its aims) was that William enter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mammoth Spear Thrower
The Mammoth spear thrower is a spear thrower in the form of a mammoth, discovered at the "Montastruc rock shelter" in Bruniquel, France. It is from the late Magdalenian period and around 12,500 years old. It now forms part of the Henry Christy, Christy Collection in the British Museum (Palart 551), and is normally on display in Room 2.Spear thrower carved as a mammoth. British Museum 2011. Retrieved 14 September 2011. Between 7 February – 26 May 2013 it was displayed in the exhibition at the British Museum ''Ice Age Art: Arrival of the Modern Mind''. /re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brunhilda Of Austrasia
Brunhilda (c. 543–613) was queen consort of Austrasia, part of Francia, by marriage to the Merovingian king Sigebert I of Austrasia, and regent for her son, grandson and great-grandson. In her long and complicated career she ruled the eastern Frankish kingdoms of Austrasia and Burgundy for three periods as regent for her son Childebert II from 575 until 583; her grandsons Theudebert II and Theuderic II from 595 until 599; and her great-grandson Sigebert II in 613. The period was marked by tension between the royal house and the powerful nobles vying for power. Brunhilda was apparently an efficient ruler, but this and her forceful personality brought her into conflict with her nobles, the church and the other Merovingians. Her bitter feud with Fredegund, mistress of Chilperic I of Neustria, who murdered Brunhilda's sister, Queen Galswintha (c. 568) in order to replace her as queen, lasted until Fredegund's death in 597. Fredegund had Brunhilda's husband murdered and Brunhilda im ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
