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Bridge Of Avon
The Bridge of Avon is a bridge over the River Avon at Ballindalloch in Moray, Scotland, built between 1800 and 1801 by George Burn. The bridge is mainly rubble-built, with an abutment on the south bank, and a pier with a cutwater on the north bank, of tooled ashlar. It crosses the river in a single wide segmental arch, with a smaller flood arch on the north bank. The south spandrel bears two plaques. The upper plaque records the date of the bridge's construction and its architect's name, and the lower plaque records the height reached by the waters in the catastrophic floods of August 4, 1829, known as the Muckle Spate, which destroyed numerous other bridges in Moray. The bridge was designated a Category A listed building Category, plural categories, may refer to: Philosophy and general uses *Categorization, categories in cognitive science, information science and generally *Category of being *Categories (Aristotle), ''Categories'' (Aristotle) *Category (Kant) ... in 1972 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Burn
George Burn (1759 – c.1820) was an architect, civil engineer and contractor active in Scotland in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Burn was born in Yester in East Lothian in 1759. His career in bridge design started in 1797, when he worked with his elder brother James Burn on a bridge at Inverbervie. In 1798 he designed and built a two-span bridge at Bilsdean in East Lothian, and between 1800 and 1804 he built a number of bridges over rivers in Moray, including the Bridge of Avon at Ballindalloch, which is now a Category A listed building, as well as a number of ecclesiastical buildings, including two churches in Dingwall and Huntly, and a chapel in the Gordon Estate. He encountered financial difficulties connected with his work on the Spey Bridge at Fochabers, which led to his estate being sequestered in 1803. By 1806 he was living in Wick, Caithness, working mainly as a masonry contractor on a number of bridges designed by Thomas Telford. A spell of ill-health force ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ballindalloch
Ballindalloch ( gd, Baile na Dalach) is a small village on the River Spey in Scotland. It is known for its Scotch whisky, whisky distilleries and for Ballindalloch Castle. In Ballindalloch itself, there are two distilleries, Cragganmore distillery and Ballindalloch Castle#Distillery, Ballindalloch distillery. On the western edge of Ballindalloch is the Tormore distillery. Ballindalloch previously had a railway station, Ballindalloch railway station that opened on 1 July 1863 and was part of the Strathspey Railway (GNoSR) but it closed on 18 October 1965. References See also *Glenfarclas Single Malt *Tomintoul Villages in Moray {{Moray-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
River Avon, Strathspey
The River Avon (locally “Aan” /ɑːn/) is a river in the Strathspey area of the Scottish Highlands, and a tributary of the River Spey. It drains the north-eastern area of the Cairngorm Mountains and is largely contained within the Cairngorms National Park The source of the River Avon is conventionally said to be Loch Avon situated between Cairn Gorm and Ben Macdui ( Gaelic: ''Beinn MacDhuibh'').Royal Scottish Geographical Society, (2006), ''Scotland: an encyclopedia of places & landscapes'', page 39 Loch Avon itself collects headwaters from a number of burns on these two mountains. From Loch Avon, the river then continues east down Glen Avon to the north of Ben Avon, for 10 miles before turning north towards the village of Tomintoul and Strath Avon. There is a River Avon Fishing Association that promotes tourism in nearby towns and fishing along the river. Tributaries Over the first few miles flowing east through the Forest of Glenavon the Avon gathers to itself ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Category A Listed Building
Category, plural categories, may refer to: Philosophy and general uses *Categorization, categories in cognitive science, information science and generally *Category of being *Categories (Aristotle), ''Categories'' (Aristotle) *Category (Kant) *Categories (Peirce) *Category (Vaisheshika) *Stoic categories *Category mistake Mathematics * Category (mathematics), a structure consisting of objects and arrows * Category (topology), in the context of Baire spaces * Lusternik–Schnirelmann category, sometimes called ''LS-category'' or simply ''category'' * Categorical data, in statistics Linguistics *Lexical category, a part of speech such as ''noun'', ''preposition'', etc. *Syntactic category, a similar concept which can also include phrasal categories *Grammatical category, a grammatical feature such as ''tense'', ''gender'', etc. Other * Category (chess tournament) * Objective-C#Categories, Objective-C categories, a computer programming concept * Pregnancy category * Prisoner s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moray
Moray () gd, Moireibh or ') is one of the 32 local government council areas of Scotland. It lies in the north-east of the country, with a coastline on the Moray Firth, and borders the council areas of Aberdeenshire and Highland. Between 1975 and 1996 Moray, with similar boundaries, was a district of the then Grampian Region. History The name, first attested around 970 as ', and in Latinised form by 1124 as ', derives from the earlier Celtic forms *''mori'' 'sea' and *''treb'' 'settlement' (c.f. Welsh ''môr-tref''). During the Middle Ages, the Province of Moray was much larger than the modern council area, also covering much of what is now Highland and Aberdeenshire. During this period Moray may for a time have been either an independent kingdom or a highly autonomous vassal of Alba. In the early 12th century, Moray was defeated by David I of Scotland following a conflict with Óengus of Moray, and rule over the area was passed to William fitz Duncan. After that the title be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rubble
Rubble is broken stone, of irregular size, shape and texture; undressed especially as a filling-in. Rubble naturally found in the soil is known also as 'brash' (compare cornbrash)."Rubble" def. 2., "Brash n. 2. def. 1. ''Oxford English Dictionary'' Second Edition on CD-ROM (v. 4.0) © Oxford University Press 2009 Where present, it becomes more noticeable when the land is ploughed or worked. Building "Rubble-work" is a name applied to several types of masonry. One kind, where the stones are loosely thrown together in a wall between boards and grouted with mortar almost like concrete, is called in Italian "muraglia di getto" and in French "bocage". In Pakistan, walls made of rubble and concrete, cast in a formwork, are called 'situ', which probably derives from Sanskrit (similar to the Latin 'in situ' meaning 'made on the spot'). Work executed with more or less large stones put together without any attempt at courses is called rubble walling. Where similar work is laid in cour ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abutment
An abutment is the substructure at the ends of a bridge span or dam supporting its superstructure. Single-span bridges have abutments at each end which provide vertical and lateral support for the span, as well as acting as retaining walls to resist lateral movement of the earthen fill of the bridge approach. Multi-span bridges require piers to support ends of spans unsupported by abutments. Dam abutments are generally the sides of a valley or gorge, but may be artificial in order to support arch dams such as Kurobe Dam in Japan. The civil engineering term may also refer to the structure supporting one side of an arch, or masonry used to resist the lateral forces of a vault.Pevsner, N. (1970) ''Cornwall''; 2nd ed. Harmondsworth: Penguin; p. 245 The impost or abacus of a column in classical architecture may also serve as an abutment to an arch. The word derives from the verb "abut", meaning to "touch by means of a mutual border". Use in engineering An abutment may be us ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pier (architecture)
A pier, in architecture, is an upright support for a structure or superstructure such as an arch or bridge. Sections of structural walls between openings (bays) can function as piers. External or free-standing walls may have piers at the ends or on corners. Description The simplest cross section of the pier is square, or rectangular, but other shapes are also common. In medieval architecture, massive circular supports called drum piers, cruciform (cross-shaped) piers, and compound piers are common architectural elements. Columns are a similar upright support, but stand on a round base. In buildings with a sequence of bays between piers, each opening (window or door) between two piers is considered a single bay. Bridge piers Single-span bridges have abutments at each end that support the weight of the bridge and serve as retaining walls to resist lateral movement of the earthen fill of the bridge approach. Multi-span bridges require piers to support the ends of spans betwe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Starling (structure)
In architecture, a starling (or sterling) is a defensive bulwark, usually built with pilings or bricks, surrounding the supports (or piers) of a bridge or similar construction. Starlings may be shaped to ease the flow of the water around the bridge, reducing the damage caused by erosion or collisions with flood-borne debris, and may also form an important part of the structure of the bridge, spreading the weight of the piers. The term cutwater is used for such a structure shaped with water flow in mind, as a pier or starling with a diamond point. A starkwater is a bulwark against ice floes. Depending on their shape and location, some starlings may accumulate river debris, mud and other objects, potentially creating navigational hazards or hindering downstream water flow. Shape Starlings may form part of a buttress for the vertical load of the bridge piers, and for that purpose would typically be symmetrical. Examples such as at the Old Wye Bridge, Chepstow are on lower stretc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ashlar
Ashlar () is finely dressed (cut, worked) stone, either an individual stone that has been worked until squared, or a structure built from such stones. Ashlar is the finest stone masonry unit, generally rectangular cuboid, mentioned by Vitruvius as opus isodomum, or less frequently trapezoidal. Precisely cut "on all faces adjacent to those of other stones", ashlar is capable of very thin joints between blocks, and the visible face of the stone may be quarry-faced or feature a variety of treatments: tooled, smoothly polished or rendered with another material for decorative effect. One such decorative treatment consists of small grooves achieved by the application of a metal comb. Generally used only on softer stone ashlar, this decoration is known as "mason's drag". Ashlar is in contrast to rubble masonry, which employs irregularly shaped stones, sometimes minimally worked or selected for similar size, or both. Ashlar is related but distinct from other stone masonry that is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Segmental Arch
A segmental arch is a type of arch with a circular arc of less than 180 degrees. It is sometimes also called a scheme arch. The segmental arch is one of the strongest arches because it is able to resist thrust. To prevent failure, a segmental arch must have a rise that is equal to at least one-eighth the width of the span. Segmental arches with a rise that is less than one-eighth of the span width must have a permanent support or frame beneath the arch to prevent failure. As far as is known, the ancient Romans were the first to develop the segmental arch. The closed-spandrel Pont-Saint-Martin bridge in the Aosta Valley in Italy dates to 25 BC. The first open-spandrel segmental arch bridge is the Anji Bridge over the Xiao River in Hebei Province in China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flood Arch
A flood arch is a small supplemental arch bridge provided alongside a main bridge. It provides extra capacity for floodwater. The space beneath a flood arch is normally dry and often carries a towpath A towpath is a road or trail on the bank of a river, canal, or other inland waterway. The purpose of a towpath is to allow a land vehicle, beasts of burden, or a team of human pullers to tow a boat, often a barge. This mode of transport w ... or similar. In some cases it borders on the shallow edge of a river, but this does not carry substantial flow in normal conditions. A bridge with multiple arches across a flowing river would instead be termed a viaduct. For some bridges, flood arches were added after the first bridge had been constructed, often after initial flooding. References Arches and vaults Bridge components {{bridge-type-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
