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BreachForums
BreachForums is an English-language black hat hacking crime forum. The website acts as an alternative and successor to RaidForums following its shutdown and seizure in 2022. Like its predecessor, BreachForums allows for the discussion of various hacking topics and distributed data breaches, pornography, hacking tools and various other services. On March 21, 2023, BreachForums was shutdown following the arrest of the forum's owner, Conor Brian Fitzpatrick. The forum was later reopened under the ownership of the hacking group ShinyHunters and previous BreachForums administrator "Baphomet". History The forum was founded and owned in March 2022 by then-19 year old Conor Brian Fitzpatrick, known on the forum under the screen name "pompompurin". Fitzpatrick's identity on the internet had been based on the Japanese character by Sanrio of the same name. Fitzpatrick had, a year earlier, claimed responsibility for the 2021 FBI email hack. Controversy On December 10, 2022, a membe ...
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RaidForums
RaidForums was an English-language black hat hacking internet forum active from 2015 until 2022. The website facilitated the discussion of a variety of hacking topics and was a notable distributor of various data breaches, hacking tools, and pornography until its seizure in 2022. The website was monetized via advertisements and through a tiered membership program where members with higher tiers would receive elevated access to the forum and its contents. History RaidForums began in 2015 as a platform for Twitch raiders. Domain seizure The domain and its contents were seized by the Federal Bureau of Investigation on April 12, 2022 after a month of downtime, in collaboration with the United States Secret Service, the United States Department of Justice, and a variety of other national and international law enforcement agencies. Administration The website was allegedly founded by a 21-year old Portuguese national, Diogo Santos Coelho under the screen name "Omnipotent", w ...
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Health Insurance Marketplace
In the United States, health insurance marketplaces, also called health exchanges, are organizations in each state through which people can purchase health insurance. People can purchase health insurance that complies with the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA, known colloquially as "Obamacare") at ACA health exchanges, where they can choose from a range of government-regulated and standardized health care plans offered by the insurers participating in the exchange. ACA health exchanges were fully certified and operational by January 1, 2014, under federal law. Enrollment in the marketplaces started on October 1, 2013, and continued for six months. 8.02 million people had signed up through the health insurance marketplaces. An additional 4.8 million joined Medicaid. Enrollment for 2015 began on November 15, 2014 and ended on December 15, 2014. As of April 14, 2020, 11.41 million people had signed up through the health insurance marketplaces. Private non-ACA health ...
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Nulled
Nulled is an online cracking forum. In 2016, Nulled became known as a target of a data breach which helped law enforcement to obtain information about possible 'suspects', who were registered on Nulled. Data breach On 16 May 2016, Nulled was hacked and its database leaked. The leaked data contained 9.65GB of users' personal information. The leak included a complete MySQL database file which contained the website's entire data. This data breach included 4,053 user accounts, their PayPal PayPal Holdings, Inc. is an American multinational financial technology company operating an online payments system in the majority of countries that support online money transfers, and serves as an electronic alternative to traditional paper ... email addresses, along with cracked passwords, 800,593 user personal messages, 5,582 purchase records and 12,600 invoices. The data breach also exposed email addresses hosted on government domains. The identity of the crew that took down Null ...
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Hack Forums
Hack Forums (often shortened to 'HF') is an Internet forum dedicated to discussions related to hacker culture and computer security. The website ranks as the number one website in the " Hacking" category in terms of web-traffic by the analysis company Alexa Internet. The website has been widely reported as facilitating online criminal activity, such as the case of Zachary Shames, who was arrested for selling keylogging software on Hack Forums in 2013 which was used to steal personal information. Security breaches In June 2011, the hacktivist group LulzSec, as part of a campaign titled "50 days of lulz", breached Hack Forums and released the data they obtained. The leaked data included credentials and personal information of nearly 200,000 registered users. On 27 August 2014, Hack Forums was hacked with a defacement message by an Egyptian hacker, using the online handle "Eg-R1z". On 26 July 2016, Hack Forums administrator ("Omniscient") warned its users of a security breach. I ...
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Dark0de
dark0de, also known as Darkode, is a cybercrime forum and black marketplace described by Europol as "the most prolific English-speaking cybercriminal forum to date". This site which was launched in 2007, serves as a venue for the sale and trade of hacking services, botnets, malware, stolen personally identifiable information, credit card information, hacked server credentials, and other illicit goods and services. History In early 2013, it came under a large DDoS attack moving from bulletproof hosting provider Santrex to Off-shore, the latter being a participant of the Stophaus campaign against Spamhaus. The site has had an ongoing feud with security researcher Brian Krebs. In April 2014, various site users were attacked via the Heartbleed exploit, gaining access to private areas of the site. Take down The forum was the target of Operation Shrouded Horizon, an international law enforcement effort led by the Federal Bureau of Investigation which culminated in the site' ...
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BlackHatWorld
BlackHatWorld (BHW) is an internet forum, or platform, focused on black-hat search engine optimization (SEO) techniques and services, often known as spamdexing. Site services are varied, including copywriting, graphic design, web design, SEO, social media marketing, and app development. Other site services include bulk account registration, unconventional money-making methods, social media botting, and developments in the SEO space. It features a marketplace where companies and individuals can advertise their products. But only after BlackHatWorld employees have verified the success and dependability of the organization. Damien Trevatt, also known online as ''Diamond Damien'', is known as the current owner of BlackHatWorld. Many have investigated the viability of platforms in the context of a self-governing common resource. Many of these platforms show the small world effect. Other similar platforms include Carders, BadHackerZ, L33TCrew, and AntiChat. Platforms that are successfu ...
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Search And Seizure
Search and seizure is a procedure used in many civil law and common law legal systems by which police or other authorities and their agents, who, suspecting that a crime has been committed, commence a search of a person's property and confiscate any relevant evidence found in connection to the crime. Some countries have certain provisions in their constitutions that provide the public with the right to be free from "unreasonable searches and seizures". This right is generally based on the premise that everyone is entitled to a reasonable right to privacy. Though specific interpretation may vary, this right can often require law enforcement to obtain a search warrant or consent of the owner before engaging in any form of search and seizure. In cases where evidence is seized in a search, that evidence might be rejected by court procedures, such as with a motion to suppress the evidence under the exclusionary rule. Italy In Italy protection from search and seizure is enshrined i ...
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Clearnet (networking)
Clearnet is a term that typically refers to the publicly accessible Internet. Sometimes "clearnet" is used as a synonym for " surface web"—excluding both the darknet and the deep web. The World Wide Web is one of the most popular distributed services on the Internet, and the surface web is composed of the web pages and databases that are indexed by traditional search engines. "Clearnet" can be seen as the opposite of the term "darknet", which typically describes the services built on Tor or other anonymity networks, the connection to which is encrypted and anonymized. Because the darknet is not publicly accessible, it is part of the deep web. The deep web, which is not indexed, is still publicly accessible. It includes web portals to databases that require text searches, and interactive web sites that require more user input than simply clicking hyperlinks. Characteristics Without the use of anonymity services like Tor, browsing the clearnet is typically not anonymous; most ...
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Bail
Bail is a set of pre-trial restrictions that are imposed on a suspect to ensure that they will not hamper the judicial process. Bail is the conditional release of a defendant with the promise to appear in court when required. In some countries, especially the United States, bail usually implies a bail bond, a deposit of money or some form of property to the court by the suspect in return for the release from pre-trial detention. If the suspect does not return to court, the bail is forfeited and the suspect may possibly be brought up on charges of the crime of failure to appear. If the suspect returns to make all their required appearances, bail is returned after the trial is concluded. In other countries, such as the United Kingdom, bail is more likely to consist of a set of restrictions that the suspect will have to abide by for a set period of time. Under this usage, bail can be given both before and after charge. For minor crimes, a defendant may be summoned to court witho ...
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Suicide
Suicide is the act of intentionally causing one's own death. Mental disorders (including depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, personality disorders, anxiety disorders), physical disorders (such as chronic fatigue syndrome), and substance abuse (including alcoholism and the use of and withdrawal from benzodiazepines) are risk factors. Some suicides are impulsive acts due to stress (such as from financial or academic difficulties), relationship problems (such as breakups or divorces), or harassment and bullying. Those who have previously attempted suicide are at a higher risk for future attempts. Effective suicide prevention efforts include limiting access to methods of suicide such as firearms, drugs, and poisons; treating mental disorders and substance abuse; careful media reporting about suicide; and improving economic conditions. Although crisis hotlines are common resources, their effectiveness has not been well studied. The most commonly adopted metho ...
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Malwarebytes
Malwarebytes Inc. is an American Internet security company that specializes in protecting home computers, smartphones, and companies from malware and other threats. It has offices in Santa Clara, California; Clearwater, Florida; Tallinn, Estonia; Bastia Umbra, Italy; and Cork, Ireland. History Early history and background Malwarebytes Inc. was informally established in 2004. CEO and founder Marcin Kleczynski, originally from Poland, was still a teenager attending high school in Bensenville, Illinois at the time, and was working as a technician in a computer repair shop in Chicago. He noticed that whenever infected computers arrived, the shop would typically reformat the computer entirely, rather than combat the virus, even if the infection was only minor. Kleczynski later discovered that, when his mother's computer became infected, neither McAfee nor Symantec would remove the malware from his system. He later recalled "I've never been as angry as when I got my computer infecte ...
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United States District Court For The Eastern District Of Virginia
The United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia (in case citations, E.D. Va.) is one of two United States district courts serving the Commonwealth of Virginia. It has jurisdiction over the Northern Virginia, Hampton Roads, and Richmond metro areas and surrounding locations with courthouses located in Alexandria, Norfolk, Richmond and Newport News (whose judges are shared with Norfolk). Appeals from the Eastern District of Virginia are taken to the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit (except for patent claims and claims against the U.S. government under the Tucker Act, which are appealed to the Federal Circuit). History The United States District Court for the District of Virginia was one of the original 13 courts established by the Judiciary Act of 1789, , on September 24, 1789.Asbury Dickens, ''A Synoptical Index to the Laws and Treaties of the United States of America'' (1852), p. 388.
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