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Bouncy Castle (cryptography)
Bouncy Castle is a collection of APIs used in cryptography. It includes APIs for both the Java and the C# programming languages. The APIs are supported by a registered Australian charitable organization: Legion of the Bouncy Castle Inc. Bouncy Castle is Australian in origin and therefore American restrictions on the export of cryptography from the United States do not apply to it. History Bouncy Castle started when two colleagues were tired of having to re-invent a set of cryptography libraries each time they changed jobs working in server-side Java SE. One of the developers was active in Java ME (J2ME at that time) development as a hobby and a design consideration was to include the greatest range of Java VMs for the library, including those on J2ME. This design consideration led to the architecture that exists in Bouncy Castle. The project, founded in May 2000, was originally written in Java only, but added a C# API in 2004. The original Java API consisted of approximatel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
C Sharp (programming Language)
C# (pronounced ) is a general-purpose, high-level multi-paradigm programming language. C# encompasses static typing, strong typing, lexically scoped, imperative, declarative, functional, generic, object-oriented (class-based), and component-oriented programming disciplines. The C# programming language was designed by Anders Hejlsberg from Microsoft in 2000 and was later approved as an international standard by Ecma (ECMA-334) in 2002 and ISO/IEC (ISO/IEC 23270) in 2003. Microsoft introduced C# along with .NET Framework and Visual Studio, both of which were closed-source. At the time, Microsoft had no open-source products. Four years later, in 2004, a free and open-source project called Mono began, providing a cross-platform compiler and runtime environment for the C# programming language. A decade later, Microsoft released Visual Studio Code (code editor), Roslyn (compiler), and the unified .NET platform (software framework), all of which support C# and are free, open ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
OpenPGP
Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) is an encryption program that provides cryptographic privacy and authentication for data communication. PGP is used for signing, encrypting, and decrypting texts, e-mails, files, directories, and whole disk partitions and to increase the security of e-mail communications. Phil Zimmermann developed PGP in 1991. PGP and similar software follow the OpenPGP, an open standard of PGP encryption software, standard (RFC 4880) for encrypting and decrypting data. Design PGP encryption uses a serial combination of hashing, data compression, symmetric-key cryptography, and finally public-key cryptography; each step uses one of several supported algorithms. Each public key is bound to a username or an e-mail address. The first version of this system was generally known as a web of trust to contrast with the X.509 system, which uses a hierarchical approach based on certificate authority and which was added to PGP implementations later. Current versions of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
EJBCA
EJBCA (formerly: ''Enterprise JavaBeans Certificate Authority'') is a free software public key infrastructure (PKI) certificate authority software package maintained and sponsored by the Swedish for-profit company PrimeKey Solutions AB, which holds the copyright to most of the codebase. The project's source code is available under the terms of the Lesser GNU General Public License (LGPL). The EJBCA software package is used to install a privately operated certificate authority. This is in contrast to commercial certificate authorities that are operated by a trusted third party. Since its inception EJBCA has been used as certificate authority software for different use cases, including eGovernment, endpoint management, research, energy, eIDAS eIDAS (electronic IDentification, Authentication and trust Services) is an EU regulation on electronic identification and trust services for electronic transactions in the European Single Market. It was established in EU Regulation 9 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Java Applet
Java applets were small applications written in the Java programming language, or another programming language that compiles to Java bytecode, and delivered to users in the form of Java bytecode. The user launched the Java applet from a web page, and the applet was then executed within a Java virtual machine (JVM) in a process separate from the web browser itself. A Java applet could appear in a frame of the web page, a new application window, Sun's AppletViewer, or a stand-alone tool for testing applets. Java applets were introduced in the first version of the Java language, which was released in 1995. Beginning in 2013, major web browsers began to phase out support for the underlying technology applets used to run, with applets becoming completely unable to be run by 2015–2017. Java applets were deprecated by Java 9 in 2017. Java applets were usually written in Java, but other languages such as Jython, JRuby, Pascal, Scala, NetRexx, or Eiffel (via SmartEiff ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pretty Good Privacy
Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) is an encryption program that provides cryptographic privacy and authentication for data communication. PGP is used for signing, encrypting, and decrypting texts, e-mails, files, directories, and whole disk partitions and to increase the security of e-mail communications. Phil Zimmermann developed PGP in 1991. PGP and similar software follow the OpenPGP, an open standard of PGP encryption software, standard (RFC 4880) for encrypting and decrypting data. Design PGP encryption uses a serial combination of hashing, data compression, symmetric-key cryptography, and finally public-key cryptography; each step uses one of several supported algorithms. Each public key is bound to a username or an e-mail address. The first version of this system was generally known as a web of trust to contrast with the X.509 system, which uses a hierarchical approach based on certificate authority and which was added to PGP implementations later. Current versions of P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Consumer Affairs Victoria
Consumer Affairs Victoria (CAV) is a government agency that protects and promotes the interests of consumers and is based in the Australian state of Victoria. It is responsible for reviewing and advising the Victorian Government on consumer legislation and industry codes; advising and educating consumers, tenants, traders and landlords on their rights, responsibilities and changes to the law; registering and licensing businesses and occupations; conciliating disputes between consumers and traders, tenants and landlords; and enforcing and ensuring compliance with consumer laws. It is a business unit of the Department of Justice and Community Safety. Consumer Affairs Victoria provides information and advice on issues including renting, buying and selling property, building, shopping, motor car trading, small businesses and clubs and not-for-profits. It licenses or registers (in conjunction with the Business Licensing Authority) and regulates a range of occupations, including conveyan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Australian Charities And Not-For-Profits Commission
The Australian Charities and Not-for-profits Commission (ACNC) is the regulatory authority for charities and not-for-profit organisations within Australia. The Commission was established in December 2012 as part of the ''Australian Charities and Not-for-profits Commission Act 2012'' passed by the federal parliament, and is responsible for registering charities and non-profit organisations, ensuring their compliance with Australian law, and for keeping a public register of registered organisations. Purpose and responsibilities The ACNC was created to achieve three fundamental goals towards improving charities and not-for-profits: * maintain, protect, and enhance public trust and confidence in the Australian not-for-profit sector * support and sustain a robust, vibrant, independent, and innovative not-for-profit sector * promote the reduction of unnecessary regulatory obligations on the sector. As part of this, the ACNC is responsible for managing charity and not-for-profit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Enrollment Over Secure Transport
The Enrollment over Secure Transport, or EST is a cryptographic protocol (computing), protocol that describes an X.509 certificate management protocol targeting public key infrastructure (PKI) clients that need to acquire client certificates and associated certificate authority (CA) certificates. EST is described in . EST has been put forward as a replacement for Simple Certificate Enrollment Protocol, SCEP, being easier to implement on devices already having an HTTPS stack. EST uses HTTPS as transport and leverages Transport Layer Security, TLS for many of its security attributes. EST has described standardized URLs and uses the List of /.well-known/ services offered by webservers, well-known Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs) definition codified in . Operations EST has a following set of operations: Usage example The basic functions of EST were designed to be easy to use and although not a Representational state transfer, REST API, it can be used in a REST-like manner using ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DNS-based Authentication Of Named Entities
DNS-based Authentication of Named Entities (DANE) is an Internet security protocol to allow X.509 digital certificates, commonly used for Transport Layer Security (TLS), to be bound to domain names using Domain Name System Security Extensions (DNSSEC). It is proposed in as a way to authenticate TLS client and server entities without a certificate authority ( CA). It is updated with operational and deployment guidance in . Application specific usage of DANE is defined in for SMTP and for using DANE with Service (SRV) records. Rationale TLS/SSL encryption is currently based on certificates issued by certificate authorities (CAs). Within the last few years, a number of CA providers suffered serious security breaches, allowing the issuance of certificates for well-known domains to those who don't own those domains. Trusting a large number of CAs might be a problem because any breached CA could issue a certificate for any domain name. DANE enables the administrator of a domain ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Data Validation And Certification Server
In the pursuit of knowledge, data (; ) is a collection of discrete values that convey information, describing quantity, quality, fact, statistics, other basic units of meaning, or simply sequences of symbols that may be further interpreted. A datum is an individual value in a collection of data. Data is usually organized into structures such as tables that provide additional context and meaning, and which may themselves be used as data in larger structures. Data may be used as variables in a computational process. Data may represent abstract ideas or concrete measurements. Data is commonly used in scientific research, economics, and in virtually every other form of human organizational activity. Examples of data sets include price indices (such as consumer price index), unemployment rates, literacy rates, and census data. In this context, data represents the raw facts and figures which can be used in such a manner in order to capture the useful information out of it. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Certificate Management Protocol
The Certificate Management Protocol (CMP) is an Internet protocol standardized by the IETF used for obtaining X.509 digital certificates in a public key infrastructure (PKI). CMP is a very feature-rich and flexible protocol, supporting any types of cryptography. CMP messages are self-contained, which, as opposed to EST, makes the protocol independent of the transport mechanism and provides end-to-end security. CMP messages are encoded in ASN.1, using the DER method. CMP is described in . Enrollment request messages employ the Certificate Request Message Format (CRMF), described in . The only other protocol so far using CRMF is Certificate Management over CMS (CMC), described in . History An obsolete version of CMP is described in , the respective CRMF version in . CMP Updateis in preparation as well as Lightweight CMP Profilefocusing on industrial use. PKI Entities In a public key infrastructure (PKI), so-called end entities (EEs) act as CMP client, requesting one or more c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
