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Bosnia-Hercegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina ( sh, / , ), abbreviated BiH () or B&H, sometimes called Bosnia–Herzegovina and often known informally as Bosnia, is a country at the crossroads of south and southeast Europe, located in the Balkans. Bosnia and Herzegovina borders Serbia to the east, Montenegro to the southeast, and Croatia to the north and southwest. In the south it has a narrow coast on the Adriatic Sea within the Mediterranean, which is about long and surrounds the town of Neum. Bosnia, which is the inland region of the country, has a moderate continental climate with hot summers and cold, snowy winters. In the central and eastern regions of the country, the geography is mountainous, in the northwest it is moderately hilly, and in the northeast it is predominantly flat. Herzegovina, which is the smaller, southern region of the country, has a Mediterranean climate and is mostly mountainous. Sarajevo is the capital and the largest city of the country followed by Banja Luka, Tu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Bosnia And Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina, sometimes referred to simply as Bosnia, is a country in Southeast Europe on the Balkan Peninsula. It has had permanent settlement since the Neolithic Age. By the early historical period it was inhabited by Illyrians and Celts. Christianity arrived in the 1st century, and by the 4th century the area became part of the Western Roman Empire. Germanic tribes invaded soon after, followed by Slavs in the 6th Century. In 1136, Béla II of Hungary invaded Bosnia and created the title "Ban of Bosnia" as an honorary title for his son Ladislaus II of Hungary. During this time, Bosnia became virtually autonomous, and was eventually proclaimed a kingdom in 1377. The Ottoman Empire followed in 1463 and lasted over 400 years. They wrought great changes to the political and administrative system, introduced land reforms, and class and religious distinctions. A series of uprisings began in 1831, which culminated in the Herzegovinian rebellion, a widespread peasant uprising ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Serbs Of Bosnia And Herzegovina
The Serbs of Bosnia and Herzegovina ( sr-Cyrl, Срби у Босни и Херцеговини, Srbi u Bosni i Hercegovini) are one of the three constitutive nations (state-forming nations) of the country, predominantly residing in the political-territorial entity of Republika Srpska. In the other entity, Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbs form the majority in Drvar, Glamoč, Bosansko Grahovo and Bosanski Petrovac. They are frequently referred to as Bosnian Serbs ( sr, босански Срби, Bosanski Srbi) in English, regardless of whether they are from Bosnia or Herzegovina. They are also known by regional names such as ''Krajišnici'' ("frontiersmen" of Bosanska Krajina), ''Semberci'' ( Semberians), ''Bosanci'' ( Bosnians), ''Birčani'' (''Bircians''), Romanijci (''Romanijans''), ''Posavci'' (Posavians), ''Hercegovci'' (Herzegovinians). Serbs have a long and continuous history of inhabiting the present-day territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and a long histo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Croats Of Bosnia And Herzegovina
The Croats of Bosnia and Herzegovina (), often referred to as Bosnian Croats () or Herzegovinian Croats () are the third most populous ethnic groups in Bosnia and Herzegovina, ethnic group in the country after Bosniaks and Serbs of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbs, and are one of the Constitutive nations of Bosnia and Herzegovina, constitutive nations of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Croats of Bosnia and Herzegovina have made significant contributions to the culture of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Most Croats declare themselves Catholic Church in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Catholics and speakers of Croatian language. From the 15th to the 19th century, Christianity in the Ottoman Empire, Catholics in Ottoman Bosnia and Herzegovina were often persecuted by the Ottoman Empire, causing many of them to flee the area. In the 20th century, political turmoil and poor economic conditions caused more to Emigration, emigrate. Ethnic cleansing in the Bosnian War, Ethnic cleansing within Bosnia and Herzegovi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bosnians
Bosnians (Bosnian language: / ; / , / ) are people identified with the country of Bosnia and Herzegovina or with the region of Bosnia. As a common demonym, the term ''Bosnians'' refers to all inhabitants/citizens of the country, regardless of any ethnic, cultural or religious affiliation. It can also be used as a designation for anyone who is descended from the region of Bosnia. Also, a Bosnian can be anyone who holds citizenship of the state of Bosnia and Herzegovina and thus is largely synonymous with the all-encompassing national demonym ''Bosnians and Herzegovinians''. This includes, but is not limited to, members of the constituent ethnic groups of Bosnia and Herzegovina: Bosniaks, Serbs, and Croats. As a common demonym, the term ''Bosnians'' should not be confused with somewhat similar, but not identical ethnonym ''Bosniaks'', designating ethnic Bosniaks. The main ethnic groups of Bosnia and Herzegovina include Bosniaks, Croats, and Serbs. Terminology In modern Engl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coat Of Arms Of Bosnia And Herzegovina
The coat of arms of Bosnia and Herzegovina was adopted in 1998, replacing the previous design that had been in use since 1992 when Bosnia and Herzegovina gained independence. It follows the design of the national flag. The three pointed shield is used to symbolize the three major ethnic groups of Bosnia, as well as allude to the shape of the country. Historic arms One of the early representations of coats of arms attributed to Bosnia come from the Fojnica Armorial, which was completed in 17th century. The Fojnica arms are shown upon a gold shield, two black ragged staffs are crossed in saltire with two Moor's heads surmounting the upper portion of each staff. Overall is a red escutcheon that was charged with an eight-pointed star and crescent. In the past centuries, European sources have attributed arms to Bosnia that were close or full analogue to this depiction. The coat of arms of the Kings of Bosnia, who ruled from 1377 until 1463 over the area that is present day Bosnia-H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Željko Komšić
Željko Komšić (; born 20 January 1964) is a Bosnian politician and diplomat who is the 6th and current Croat member of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina. He is also its current chairman, since 2021. Previously, he was a member of the national House of Representatives from 2014 to 2018. Komšić already served as a member of the Presidency from 2006 until 2014, and was elected to the same office for a third term at the 2018 general election, thus becoming the second Presidency member overall, after Bosniak Alija Izetbegović, and the first, and so far only Croat member to serve more than two terms. He was sworn in on 20 November 2018, along with fellow newly elected Presidency members Šefik Džaferović (Bosniak) and Milorad Dodik (Serb). Komšić was a prominent figure of the Social Democratic Party, until he left it in 2012 to establish the Democratic Front a year later. Although elected to the post of Croat member of the tri-partitive Presidency, many Bosnian C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chairman Of The Presidency Of Bosnia And Herzegovina
The chairman of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina is the presiding member of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina, which collectively serves as head of state of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Željka Cvijanović has been the incumbent officeholder, since 16 November 2022. She is the first female occupant of the office. Constitution of Bosnia and Herzegovina According to the Article V of the Constitution of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Presidency comprises three members, representing the Ethnic groups in Bosnia and Herzegovina, constituent nations of Bosnia and Herzegovina: one Bosniaks, Bosniak, one Serbs of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serb, and one Croats of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croat. The Bosniak and Croat members are elected from a joint constituency in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, whilst the Serb member is elected from voters in Republika Srpska. The three members elected at any one election serve a collective four-year term. Individuals are able to serve no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Željka Cvijanović
Željka Cvijanović (; sr-cyr, Жељка Цвијановић, ; born 2 August 1967) is a Bosnian Serb politician who is the 9th and current President of Republika Srpska. She was the 11th Prime Minister of Republika Srpska from 12 March 2013 until 19 November 2018. On 7 October 2018, she was elected to be President of Republika Srpska, assuming office on 19 November 2018. Cvijanović is a member of the Alliance of Independent Social Democrats (SNSD). Early life and education Born Željka Grabovac in Teslić in central Bosnia in 1967. Before going into full-time politics, Cvijanović was an English teacher. She studied at the Faculty of Philosophy in Sarajevo, the Faculty of Philosophy in Banja Luka and the Faculty of Law in Banja Luka. She is a professor of English language and literature and also holds a master's degree in diplomatic and consular law from The Banja Luka Law School on "The International and legal status of the EU". Career Cvijanović worked as a teacher of E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Presidency Of Bosnia And Herzegovina
The presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, Predsjedništvo Bosne i Hercegovine, separator=" / ", Предсједништво Босне и Херцеговине) is a three-member body which collectively serves as head of state of Bosnia and Herzegovina. According to Article V of the Constitution of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the presidency comprises three members: one Bosniak, one Serb, and one Croat. The Bosniak and Croat members are elected from a joint constituency in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, whilst the Serb member is elected from voters in Republika Srpska. The three members elected at any one election serve a collective four-year term. Individuals are able to serve no more than two consecutive four-year terms, although there are no overall term limits. Although the unsubdivided body is the collective head of state, one member is designated as chairperson. The position of chairperson rotates twice around the three members every eight months, wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zoran Tegeltija
Zoran Tegeltija (; born 29 September 1961) is a Bosnian Serb politician serving as the 10th Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina since December 2019. He was Minister of Finance of Republika Srpska from 2010 to 2018 and mayor of Mrkonjić Grad from 2004 until 2010. Tegeltija is a member of the Alliance of Independent Social Democrats. He graduated from the School of Economics and Business at the University of Sarajevo in 1986, and later worked in customs services. Tegeltija was elected to the National Assembly of Republika Srpska in 2000. In 2004, he was elected mayor of Mrkonjić Grad and re-elected in 2008. In 2010, Aleksandar Džombić appointed him Minister of Finance of Republika Srpska. Tegeltija served as Minister of Finance until the entity government of Radovan Višković was formed in 2018. In 2019, he was appointed Chairman of the Council of Ministers, following the 2018 general election. Early life and education Tegeltija is a Serb and has ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Denis Bećirović
Denis Bećirović (born 28 November 1975) is a Bosnian politician, professor and historian who is the 8th and current Bosniak member of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Previously, he was a member of the national House of Peoples from 2019 to 2022. He is the current vice-president of the Social Democratic Party. Born in Tuzla, Bećirović graduated from the city's University in 1998. He enrolled in postgraduate studies at the Faculty of Philosophy at the University of Sarajevo in 2000. Prior to his political engagement, Bećirović was a history teacher at a primary school in Tuzla. From 1998 to 2002, he worked at the Secondary School of Economics in his hometown. Bećirović has been a member of the Social Democratic Party since 1993. In 1998, he became a member of the Federal Parliament. Two years later, he entered the Tuzla Cantonal Assembly and was appointed member of the Federal House of Peoples. At the 2006 general election, Bećirović was elected to the na ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chairman Of The Council Of Ministers Of Bosnia And Herzegovina
The chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina ( Bosnian/ Croatian: ''Predsjedavajući Vijeća ministara Bosne i Hercegovine'', ) is the head of the government of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The chairman of the Council of Ministers is nominated by the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and appointed by the House of Representatives of Bosnia and Herzegovina. As head of the government, the chairman of the Council of Ministers has no authority for appointing ministers, and his role is that of a coordinator. Ministers are appointed in his or her stead by the majority-parties according to ethnic and entity representation rules, so that a deputy minister must not be of same ethnicity as the respective minister. Zoran Tegeltija is the 10th and current chairman of the Council of Ministers. He took office on 23 December 2019, following the 2018 general election. List of chairpersons Before independence (1945–1992) Since independence (1992–present) Prime Mi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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