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Bombing Of Hiratsuka In World War II
The was part of the strategic bombing campaign waged by the United States against military and civilian targets and population centers during the Japan home islands campaign in the closing states of World War II. Background Although the city of Hiratsuka was not a major population center, it had two major targets of military significance: the and , a Nissan group military aircraft production factory, both located to the north of the city center. The Tōkaidō Main Line railway connecting Tokyo with Osaka also ran through the city, which was designated as one of the primary landing beaches in the projected invasion of the Japanese home islands by Allied ground forces. Air raids Despite its obvious military significance, Hiratsuka was not bombed until the very late stages of World War II. The first major air raid occurred on the night of July 16, 1945. During this attack, 138 B-29 Superfortress bombers of the USAAF 20th Air Force, 314th Bombardment Wing dropped a total of 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hiratsuka After The 1945 Air Raid
260px, Hiratsuka City Hall is a city located in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. , the city had an estimated population of 257,316 and a population density of 3800 persons per km². The total area of the city is . Geography Hiratsuka is located in the Shōnan area on the right bank (west side) of the Sagami River, almost in the center of Kanagawa Prefecture, and faces Sagami Bay to the south. The area from the Sagami River to the Kaname River is a plain to the northern end of the city area, and the urban area extends to the south. The west side of the Kaname River is a hilly area that is part of the Oiso Hills, and there is a lot of greenery. It is approximately midway between Tokyo and Mount Fuji. Surrounding municipalities Kanagawa Prefecture * Chigasaki *Hadano *Atsugi *Isehara *Samukawa * Nakai * Oiso * Ninomiya Climate Hiratsuka has a Humid subtropical climate (Köppen ''Cfa'') characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light to no snowfall. The average annual tem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Incendiary Bomb
Incendiary weapons, incendiary devices, incendiary munitions, or incendiary bombs are weapons designed to start fires or destroy sensitive equipment using fire (and sometimes used as anti-personnel weaponry), that use materials such as napalm, thermite, magnesium powder, chlorine trifluoride, or white phosphorus. Though colloquially often known as bombs, they are not explosives but in fact are designed to slow the process of chemical reactions and use ignition rather than detonation to start or maintain the reaction. Napalm for example, is petroleum especially thickened with certain chemicals into a 'gel' to slow, but not stop, combustion, releasing energy over a longer time than an explosive device. In the case of napalm, the gel adheres to surfaces and resists suppression. Pre-modern history A range of early thermal weapons were utilized by ancient, medieval/post-classical and early modern armies, including hot pitch, oil, resin, animal fat and other similar compounds. Subs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
USS San Jacinto (CVL-30)
USS ''San Jacinto'' (CVL-30) of the United States Navy was an light aircraft carrier that served during World War II. She was named for the Battle of San Jacinto during the Texas Revolution. Former U.S. President George H. W. Bush served aboard the ship during World War II. Operational history Originally laid down as the light cruiser ''Newark'' (CL-100), on 26 October 1942 by the New York Shipbuilding Co., Camden, New Jersey; redesignated CV-30 and renamed ''Reprisal'' on 2 June 1942; renamed ''San Jacinto'' on 30 January 1943, converted, while building, to a light aircraft carrier and reclassified as CVL-30; launched on 26 September 1943; sponsored by Mary Gibbs Jones (wife of U.S. Commerce Secretary Jesse H. Jones); and commissioned on 15 November 1943, Capt. Harold M. Martin, in command. After shakedown in the Caribbean, ''San Jacinto'' sailed, via the Panama Canal, San Diego, and Pearl Harbor, for the Pacific war zone. Arriving at Majuro, Marshall Islands, she joi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
USS Lexington (CV-16)
USS ''Lexington'' (CV/CVA/CVS/CVT/AVT-16), nicknamed "''The Blue Ghost''", is an built during World War II for the United States Navy. Originally intended to be named ''Cabot'', the new aircraft carrier was renamed while under construction to commemorate the recently-lost , becoming the sixth U.S. Navy ship to bear the name in honor of the Battle of Lexington. Since 1992, the ship has been docked in Corpus Christi, Texas, where she operates as a museum. Construction and commissioning The ship was laid down as ''Cabot'' on 15 July 1941 by Fore River Shipyard in Quincy, Massachusetts. In May 1942, , which had been built in the same shipyard two decades earlier, was sunk at the Battle of the Coral Sea. In June, workers at the shipyard submitted a request to Navy Secretary Frank Knox to change the name of a carrier currently under construction there to ''Lexington''. Knox agreed to the proposal and ''Cabot'' was renamed ''Lexington'' on 16 June 1942, the fifth U.S. Navy ship to b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
USS Bennington (CV-20)
USS ''Bennington'' (CV/CVA/CVS-20) was an in service with the United States Navy from 1944 to 1946 and from 1952 to 1970. She was sold for scrap in 1994. History Construction and commissioning USS ''Bennington'' was named for a battle in 1777 near Bennington, Vermont, during the American Revolutionary War, in which American victory contributed to the ultimate defeat of General Burgoyne at Saratoga. The carrier was laid down on 15 December 1942 by the New York Naval Shipyard and launched on 26 February 1944, sponsored by the wife of Congressman Melvin Maas of Minnesota. She was commissioned on 6 August 1944, Captain James B. Sykes in command. World War II ''Bennington'' completed trials, shakedown training, and post-shakedown availability by 14 December when she departed New York and headed for the Pacific theater. She transited the Panama Canal on 21 December and moored at San Diego on the 29th. On New Year's Day 1945, the carrier stood out of San Diego to continue ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
USS Belleau Wood (CVL-24)
USS ''Belleau Wood'' was a United States Navy light aircraft carrier active during World War II in the Pacific Theater from 1943 to 1945. The ship also served in the First Indochina War under French Navy temporary service as ''Bois Belleau''. Originally laid down as the ''New Haven'' (CL-76), she was finished as an aircraft carrier. Reclassified CV-24 on 16 February 1942 and renamed ''Belleau Wood'' on 31 March 1942 in honor of the Battle of Belleau Wood in World War I. She was launched on 6 December 1942 by New York Shipbuilding Corporation, Camden, New Jersey, and sponsored by Mrs. Thomas Holcomb, wife of the Commandant of the Marine Corps. She was commissioned on 31 March 1943, with Captain A. M. Pride in command. During the war, she was reclassified CVL-24 on 15 July 1943. Service history United States Navy After a brief shakedown cruise, ''Belleau Wood'' reported to the Pacific Fleet, arriving at Pearl Harbor on 26 July 1943. After supporting the occupation of Bak ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
USS Hancock (CV-19)
USS ''Hancock'' (CV/CVA-19) was one of 24 s built during World War II for the United States Navy. The ship was the fourth US Navy ship to bear the name and was named for Founding Father John Hancock, president of the Second Continental Congress and first governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.There is some controversy regarding the naming of fleet carriers after famous Americans. Some suggest that the carrier was named for the frigate ''Hancock'' of the Continental Navy and that no US fleet carrier was named directly for a person before . The other examples are was named for Benjamin Franklin, and was the fifth ship to bear the name, and was named for Peyton Randolph, President of the First Continental Congress. ''Hancock'' was commissioned in April 1944 and served in several campaigns in the Pacific Theater of Operations, earning four battle stars. Decommissioned shortly after the end of the war, she was modernized and recommissioned in the early 1950s as an attack c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
USS Yorktown (CV-10)
USS ''Yorktown'' (CV/CVA/CVS-10) is one of 24 s built during World War II for the United States Navy. Initially to have been named ''Bonhomme Richard'', she was renamed ''Yorktown'' while still under construction, after the , which was sunk at the Battle of Midway. She is the fourth U.S. Navy ship to bear the name, though the previous ships were named for 1781 Battle of Yorktown. ''Yorktown'' was commissioned in April 1943, and participated in several campaigns in the Pacific Theater of Operations, earning 11 battle stars and the Presidential Unit Citation. Decommissioned shortly after the end of the war, she was modernized and recommissioned in February 1953 as an attack carrier (CVA), and served with distinction during the Korean War. The ship was later modernized again with a canted deck, eventually becoming an anti-submarine carrier (CVS) and served for many years in the Pacific, including duty in the Vietnam War, during which she earned five battle stars. Late in he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
USS Shangri La (CV-38)
USS ''Shangri-La'' (CV/CVA/CVS-38) was one of 24 s completed during or shortly after World War II for the United States Navy. Commissioned in 1944 and named after the mythical paradise of the same name, ''Shangri-La'' participated in several campaigns in the Pacific Theater of Operations in World War II, earning two battle stars. Like many of her sister ships, she was decommissioned shortly after the end of the war, but was modernized and recommissioned in the early 1950s, and redesignated as an attack carrier (CVA). She operated in both the Pacific and Atlantic / Mediterranean for several years, and late in her career was redesignated as an anti-submarine carrier (CVS). She earned three battle stars for service in the Vietnam War. ''Shangri-La'' was decommissioned in 1971 and sold for scrap in 1988. Nomenclature The naming of the ship was a radical departure from the general practice of the time, which was to name aircraft carriers after battles or previous US Navy ships. A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
USS Wasp (CV-18)
USS ''Wasp'' (CV/CVA/CVS-18) was one of 24 s built during World War II for the United States Navy. The ship, the ninth US Navy ship to bear the name, was originally named ''Oriskany'', but was renamed while under construction in honor of the previous , which was sunk 15 September 1942. ''Wasp'' was commissioned in November 1943, and served in several campaigns in the Pacific Theater of Operations, earning eight battle stars. Like many of her sister ships, she was decommissioned shortly after the end of the war, but was modernized and recommissioned in the early 1950s as an attack carrier (CVA), and then eventually became an antisubmarine carrier (CVS). In her second career, she operated mainly in the Atlantic, Mediterranean, and Caribbean. She played a prominent role in the manned space program, serving as the recovery ship for five Project Gemini missions: Gemini IV, Gemini VI, Gemini VII, Gemini IX, and Gemini XII. She was retired in 1972, and sold for scrap in 1973. Con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
F4U Corsair
The Vought F4U Corsair is an American fighter aircraft which saw service primarily in World War II and the Korean War. Designed and initially manufactured by Chance Vought, the Corsair was soon in great demand; additional production contracts were given to Goodyear, whose Corsairs were designated FG, and Brewster, designated F3A. The Corsair was designed and operated as a carrier-based aircraft, and entered service in large numbers with the U.S. Navy in late 1944 and early 1945. It quickly became one of the most capable carrier-based fighter-bombers of World War II. Some Japanese pilots regarded it as the most formidable American fighter of World War II and its naval aviators achieved an 11:1 kill ratio. Early problems with carrier landings and logistics led to it being eclipsed as the dominant carrier-based fighter by the Grumman F6F Hellcat, powered by the same Double Wasp engine first flown on the Corsair's initial prototype in 1940. Instead, the Corsair's early deploy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SB2C Helldiver
The Curtiss SB2C Helldiver is a dive bomber developed by Curtiss-Wright during World War II. As a carrier-based bomber with the United States Navy (USN), in Pacific theaters, it supplemented and replaced the Douglas SBD Dauntless. A few survivors are extant. Initially poor handling characteristics and late modifications caused lengthy delays to production and deployment, to the extent that it was investigated by the Truman Committee, which turned in a scathing report. This contributed to the decline of Curtiss as a company. Neither pilots nor aircraft carrier skippers seemed to like it.Ethell 1995, p. 221. Nevertheless, the type was faster than the Dauntless, and by the end of the Pacific War, the Helldiver had become the main dive bomber and attack aircraft on USN carriers.Ethell 1995, p. 221. By the time a land-based variant, known as the A-25 Shrike, became available in late 1943, the Western Allied air forces had abandoned dedicated dive-bombers. A majority of A-25s de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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