Bogusław Sonik
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Bogusław Sonik
Bogusław Andrzej Sonik (born 3 December 1953 in Kraków) is a Polish politician who was Member of the European Parliament for the Lesser Poland Voivodeship and Swietokrzyskie Voivodeship with the Civic Platform, part of the European People's Party and sits on the European Parliament's Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety. Sonik was a substitute for the Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs, a member of the delegation for relations with the Maghreb countries and the Arab Maghreb Union (including Libya) and a substitute for the delegation for relations with the Mashreq countries. Education * 1978: Master of Law, Jagiellonian University Solidarity As a student in the 1970s he became active in anti-communist opposition. He was a member of Beczka, a university chaplaincy run by the Dominicans. He also cooperated with Komitet Obrony Robotników (Committee for the Protection of Workers). Following the death of his friend Staszek Pyjas he ...
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Kraków
, officially the Royal Capital City of Kraków, is the List of cities and towns in Poland, second-largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, the city has a population of 804,237 (2023), with approximately 8 million additional people living within a radius. Kraków was the official capital of Poland until 1596, and has traditionally been one of the leading centres of Polish academic, cultural, and artistic life. Cited as one of Europe's most beautiful cities, its Kraków Old Town, Old Town was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1978, one of the world's first sites granted the status. The city began as a Hamlet (place), hamlet on Wawel Hill and was a busy trading centre of Central Europe in 985. In 1038, it became the seat of King of Poland, Polish monarchs from the Piast dynasty, and subsequently served as the centre of administration under Jagiellonian dynasty, Jagiellonian kings and of the Polish–Lithuan ...
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Stanisław Pyjas
Stanisław Włodzimierz Pyjas (1953–1977) was a Polish student of the Jagiellonian University in Kraków, member of the anticommunist student movements. He died on 7 May 1977, in Kraków. The exact circumstances of Pyjas’ death are still a mystery
and his case, which is still disputed, shook public opinion in Poland. According to one scenario he was murdered and the killers, probably members of the Służba Bezpieczeństwa, communist Secret Services, arranged the death to look like an accident. The official scenario, however, states that his death occurred after he fell from the stairs while being drunk. In 2011 his body was examined, and the outcome states that it was the fall that caused his death and that he had not been beaten.


Oppositional activities ...
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Diplomatic Missions Of Poland
This is a list of diplomatic missions of Poland Excluding from this listing are honorary consulates, cultural institutes, and trade missions. On the other hand, the Polish Office in Taipei is included, as it serves as a de facto embassy to Taiwan, with which Poland does not have formal diplomatic relations. Current missions Africa File:Polish Embassy, Abuja2.jpg, Embassy in Abuja File:Embassy of Poland, Dar es Salaam.jpg, Embassy in Dar es Salaam File:Ambasada RP w Nairobi.jpg, Embassy in Nairobi File:Embassy of Poland, Pretoria.jpg, Embassy in Pretoria Americas File:Embajada de Polonia en Bogota.jpg, Embassy in Bogotá File:Ambasada RP w Buenos Aires.jpg, Embassy in Buenos Aires File:Embassy of Poland, Lima.jpg, Embassy in Lima File:Ambasada RP w Meksyku.jpg, Embassy in Mexico City File:Poland, Ottawa.jpg, Embassy in Ottawa File:Pl montreal12.jpg, Consulate-General in Montreal File:Consulate General of the Republic of Poland in Toronto.jpg, Consulate-General in Tor ...
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Polish Institute
The Polish Institutes is a network of cultural diplomatic missions reporting to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Poland. , there were 27 of them."Polish Institutes,"
Ministry of Foreign Affairs; Republic of Poland. Their mission is described as "creating a positive image of Poland abroad" by promoting , , ,

Tygodnik Powszechny
''Tygodnik Powszechny'' (, ''The Common Weekly'') is a Polish Roman Catholic weekly magazine, published in Kraków, which focuses on social, cultural and political issues. It was established in 1945 under the auspices of Cardinal Adam Stefan Sapieha. Jerzy Turowicz was its editor-in-chief until his death in 1999. He was succeeded by Adam Boniecki, a priest. ''Tygodnik Powszechny'' often covers politics, religion, culture, society, History of the Jews in Poland, Polish-Jewish relations and international affairs. Its foreign department publishes stories by correspondents all over the world, including Europe, the United States, Asia, Africa and the Middle East. Writer and reporter Wojciech Jagielski has been a member of the international department since 2017. History Cardinal Adam Stefan Sapieha helped found the weekly magazine ''Tygodnik Powszechny'', whose first edition was published on 24 March 1945, during the closing months of World War II. Initially, its editorial staff had ...
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Radio Free Europe
Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (RFE/RL) is a media organization broadcasting news and analyses in 27 languages to 23 countries across Eastern Europe, Central Asia, the Caucasus, and the Middle East. Headquartered in Prague since 1995, RFE/RL operates 21 local bureaus with over 500 core staff, 1,300 freelancers, and 680 employees. Nicola Careem serves as the editor-in-chief. Founded during the Cold War, RFE began in 1949 targeting Soviet empire, Soviet satellite states, while RL, established in 1951, focused on the Soviet Union. Initially funded covertly by the Central Intelligence Agency, CIA until 1972, the two merged in 1976. RFE/RL was headquartered in Munich from 1949 to 1995, with additional broadcasts from Portugal's Glória do Ribatejo until 1996. Soviet authorities jammed their signals, and Second World, communist regimes often infiltrated their operations. Today, RFE/RL is a private 501(c)(3) corporation supervised by the United States Agency for Global Media, which ...
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Deutschlandfunk
Deutschlandfunk (DLF, ''Broadcast Germany'') is a public-broadcasting radio station in Germany, concentrating on news and current affairs. It is one of the four national radio channels produced by Deutschlandradio. History Broadcasting in the Federal Republic of Germany is reserved under the Basic Law (constitution) to the states. This means that all public broadcasting is regionalised. National broadcasts must be aired through the national consortium of regional public broadcasters ( ARD) or authorized by a treaty negotiated between the states. In the 1950s, the German Democratic Republic (GDR) began broadcasting its Deutschlandsender station on longwave. In response to this, the then- Nordwestdeutscher Rundfunk applied for a licence to operate a similar longwave service on behalf of the ARD. This was granted in 1956 and operated as Deutscher Langwellensender ("German Longwave Station"). On 29 November 1960, the federal government under Konrad Adenauer created ''Deutsch ...
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Radio France International
Radio France Internationale, usually referred to as RFI, is the State media, state-owned international radio news network of France. With 59.5 million listeners in 2022, it is one of the most-listened-to international radio stations in the world, along with Deutsche Welle, the BBC World Service and Voice of America. RFI broadcasts 24 hours per day around the world in French and in 16 other languages in FM, shortwave, medium wave, satellite and on its website. It is a channel of the state company France Médias Monde. The majority of shortwave transmissions are in French and Hausa language, Hausa but also includes some hours of Swahili language, Swahili, Fulfulde language, Fulfulde and Mandinka language, Mandinka. RFI broadcasts to over 150 countries on 5 continents. Africa is the largest part of radio listeners, representing 60% of the total audience in 2010. In the Île-de-France, Paris region, RFI comprises between 150,000 and 200,000 listeners. Its digital platforms attract an ...
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Association Of Polish Physicians In France
Association may refer to: *Club (organization), an association of two or more people united by a common interest or goal *Trade association, an organization founded and funded by businesses that operate in a specific industry *Voluntary association, a body formed by individuals to accomplish a purpose, usually as volunteers * Non profit association, a body formed by individuals to accomplish a purpose without any profit interest *Collaboration, the act of working together Association in various fields of study *Association (archaeology), the close relationship between objects or contexts. *Association (astronomy), combined or co-added group of astronomical exposures *Association (chemistry) *Association (ecology), a type of ecological community *Genetic association, when one or more genotypes within a population co-occur *Association (object-oriented programming), defines a relationship between classes of objects *Association (psychology), a connection between two or more concept ...
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Institut D'Études Politiques De Paris
Sciences Po () or Sciences Po Paris, also known as the Paris Institute of Political Studies (), is a public research university located in Paris, France, that holds the status of ''grande école'' and the legal status of . The university's undergraduate program is taught on the Paris campus as well as on the decentralized campuses in Dijon, Le Havre, Menton, Nancy, Poitiers and Reims, each with their own academic program focused on a geopolitical part of the world. While Sciences Po historically specialized in political science, it progressively expanded to other social sciences such as economics, law and sociology. The school was established in 1872 by Émile Boutmy as the ''École libre des sciences politiques'' in the aftermath of the Franco-Prussian War as a private institution to form a new French elite that would be knowledgeable in political science, law and history. It was a pioneer in the emergence and development of political science as an academic field in France. ...
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Znak (publisher)
Społeczny Instytut Wydawniczy „Znak” (English, "Znak Social Publishing Institute") is one of the largest Polish book publishing companies.Herbert R. LottmanPW: Publishing in Poland ''Publishers Weekly'', publishersweekly.com, 1 May 1998. Retrieved 8 March 2021.One of Poland’s major publishing houses
wydawnictwoznak.pl. Retrieved 8 March 2021.
It is related to the and publishes books in fields including fiction, poetry, non-fiction, and children's books. The company employs about 50 people and generates an annual sales turnover of $27.72 million.


Company history

Founded in 1959 by people associated with the P ...
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Martial Law In Poland
Martial law in Poland () existed between 13 December 1981 and 22 July 1983. The Polish United Workers' Party, government of the Polish People's Republic drastically restricted everyday life by introducing martial law and a military junta in an attempt to counter political opposition, in particular the Solidarity (Polish trade union), Solidarity movement. Since the late 1970s, Poland had been in a deep economic recession. Edward Gierek, First Secretary of the Polish United Workers' Party (PZPR), had obtained a series of large loans from foreign creditors to achieve better economic output. This instead resulted in a domestic crisis. Essential goods were heavily rationing, rationed, which acted as a stimulus to establishing the first anticommunist trade union in the Eastern Bloc, known as Solidarity (), in 1980. Gierek, who permitted the trade union to appear per the Gdańsk Agreement, was dismissed from his post less than a month later and confined to house arrest. Following countl ...
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