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Black Honeyeater
The black honeyeater (''Sugomel nigrum'') is a species of bird in the honeyeater family Meliphagidae. The black honeyeater exhibits sexual dimorphism, with the male being black and white while the female is a speckled grey-brown; immature birds look like the female. The species is endemic to Australia, and ranges widely across the arid areas of the continent, through open woodland and shrubland, particularly in areas where the emu bush and related species occur. A nectar feeder, the black honeyeater has a long curved bill to reach the base of tubular flowers such as those of the emu bush. It also takes insects in the air, and regularly eats ash left behind at campfires. Cup-shaped nests are built in the forks of small trees or shrubs. The male engages in a soaring song flight in the mating season, but contributes little to nest-building or incubating the clutch of two or three eggs. Both sexes feed and care for the young. While the population appears to be decreasing, the black ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The IUCN Red List Of Threatened Species
The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species, also known as the IUCN Red List or Red Data Book, founded in 1964, is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of biological species. It uses a set of precise criteria to evaluate the extinction risk of thousands of species and subspecies. These criteria are relevant to all species and all regions of the world. With its strong scientific base, the IUCN Red List is recognized as the most authoritative guide to the status of biological diversity. A series of Regional Red Lists are produced by countries or organizations, which assess the risk of extinction to species within a political management unit. The aim of the IUCN Red List is to convey the urgency of conservation issues to the public and policy makers, as well as help the international community to reduce species extinction. According to IUCN the formally stated goals of the Red List are to provide scie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ancient Greek
Ancient Greek includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC. It is often roughly divided into the following periods: Mycenaean Greek (), Dark Ages (), the Archaic period (), and the Classical period (). Ancient Greek was the language of Homer and of fifth-century Athenian historians, playwrights, and philosophers. It has contributed many words to English vocabulary and has been a standard subject of study in educational institutions of the Western world since the Renaissance. This article primarily contains information about the Epic and Classical periods of the language. From the Hellenistic period (), Ancient Greek was followed by Koine Greek, which is regarded as a separate historical stage, although its earliest form closely resembles Attic Greek and its latest form approaches Medieval Greek. There were several regional dialects of Ancient Greek, of which Attic Greek developed into Koi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mitochondrial DNA
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA or mDNA) is the DNA located in mitochondria, cellular organelles within eukaryotic cells that convert chemical energy from food into a form that cells can use, such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Mitochondrial DNA is only a small portion of the DNA in a eukaryotic cell; most of the DNA can be found in the cell nucleus and, in plants and algae, also in plastids such as chloroplasts. Human mitochondrial DNA was the first significant part of the human genome to be sequenced. This sequencing revealed that the human mtDNA includes 16,569 base pairs and encodes 13 proteins. Since animal mtDNA evolves faster than nuclear genetic markers, it represents a mainstay of phylogenetics and evolutionary biology. It also permits an examination of the relatedness of populations, and so has become important in anthropology and biogeography. Origin Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA are thought to be of separate evolutionary origin, with the mtDNA being derive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nuclear DNA
Nuclear DNA (nDNA), or nuclear deoxyribonucleic acid, is the DNA contained within each cell nucleus of a eukaryotic organism. It encodes for the majority of the genome in eukaryotes, with mitochondrial DNA and plastid DNA coding for the rest. It adheres to Mendelian inheritance, with information coming from two parents, one male and one female—rather than matrilineally (through the mother) as in mitochondrial DNA. Structure Nuclear DNA is a nucleic acid, a polymeric biomolecule or biopolymer, found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. Its structure is a double helix, with two strands wound around each other, a structure first described by Francis Crick and James D. Watson (1953) using data collected by Rosalind Franklin. Each strand is a long polymer chain of repeating nucleotides. Each nucleotide is composed of a five-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and an organic base. Nucleotides are distinguished by their bases: purines, large bases that include adenine and guanine; and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genetics
Genetics is the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in organisms.Hartl D, Jones E (2005) It is an important branch in biology because heredity is vital to organisms' evolution. Gregor Mendel, a Moravian Augustinian friar working in the 19th century in Brno, was the first to study genetics scientifically. Mendel studied "trait inheritance", patterns in the way traits are handed down from parents to offspring over time. He observed that organisms (pea plants) inherit traits by way of discrete "units of inheritance". This term, still used today, is a somewhat ambiguous definition of what is referred to as a gene. Trait inheritance and molecular inheritance mechanisms of genes are still primary principles of genetics in the 21st century, but modern genetics has expanded to study the function and behavior of genes. Gene structure and function, variation, and distribution are studied within the context of the cell, the organism (e.g. dominance), and within the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ian J
Ian Jones-Quartey (born June 18, 1984) is an American animator, voice actor, storyboard artist, writer, director, and producer. He is the creator of the animated series ''OK K.O.! Let's Be Heroes'', based on his Cartoon Network pilot ''Lakewood Plaza Turbo'', which ran on the network from 2017 to 2019. He is also known for his webcomic ''RPG World'' and his work on '' Steven Universe'', ''Adventure Time'', and '' Bravest Warriors''. Early life Jones-Quartey was born in Hatfield, Pennsylvania on June 18, 1984, and was raised in Columbia, Maryland. He and his family moved to Oakland Mills, Columbia, Maryland, around 1993. His father was a pharmaceutical engineer, and his mother worked as a librarian for the chemical company W. R. Grace. Jones-Quartey attended Long Reach High School in Columbia and the School of Visual Arts in New York City. Career Jones-Quartey created the webcomic ''RPG World'', which won Web Cartoonists' Choice Awards in 2001 and 2002. He co-created the web ani ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Schodde
Richard Schodde, OAM (born 23 September 1936) is an Australian botanist and ornithologist. Schodde studied at the University of Adelaide, where he received a BSc (Hons) in 1960 and a PhD in 1970. During the 1960s he was a botanist with the CSIRO Division of Land Research and Regional Survey in Papua New Guinea. From 1970 to 1998 he was the foundation curator and director of the Australian National Wildlife Collection (ANWC) in the CSIRO Division of Wildlife and Ecology, following which he became a research fellow there. During this time he led the flora and fauna surveys that helped establish Kakadu National Park and the designation of the wet tropics of north-eastern Queensland as Australia's first World Heritage Site. These surveys resulted in the accession of almost 50,000 specimens to the ANWC, as well as 15,000 samples of frozen tissue for molecular studies.Bright Sparcs In the 2009 Queen's birthday honours, Schodde was awarded an OAM for his contribution to the natur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pied Honeyeater
The pied honeyeater (''Certhionyx variegatus'') is a species of bird in the family of honeyeaters Meliphagidae and the sole species in the genus '' Certhionyx'' (Christidis & Boles 2008). This species is also known as the black and white honeyeater or western pied honeyeater. It is endemic to Australia and is listed as a vulnerable species under Schedule 2 of the Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995 (NSW). Taxonomy In 1999, taxonomists had placed pied honeyeater (''Certhionyx variegatus''), banded honeyeater (''Cissomela pectoralis'') and black honeyeater (''Sugomel nigrum'') in the genus ''Certhionyx''; however, revised DNA analysis indicates that these species are not closely related.Driskell, A & Christidis, L 2004, ''Phylogeny and evolution of the Australo-Papuan honeyeaters (Passeriformes, Meliphagidae)'', Molecular phylogenics and evolution, vol. 29, pp. 540–549. Christidis and Boles placed the pied honeyeater in the clade '' Acanthagenys'' in its own monotypi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Banded Honeyeater
The banded honeyeater (''Cissomela pectoralis'') is a species of honeyeater in the family Meliphagidae with a characteristic narrow black band across its white underparts. It is endemic to tropical northern Australia. Taxonomy and systematics The scientific name for the banded honeyeater is ''Cissomela pectoralis (''Gould, 1841). The holotype was Holotype ANSP 18224 male, Australia: north coast, held in the Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, Philadelphia. The banded honeyeater was previously placed in the genus '' Certhionyx'', but was moved to the monotypic genus '' Cissomela'' after a molecular phylogenetic analysis, published in 2011, showed that the original genus was polyphyletic. The genus name ''Cissomela'' (Bonaparte, 1854) means "honey magpie" from the Greek ''kissa'' for 'magpie', thus referring to the black and white colouring, and ''mela'' meaning 'honey' for its feeding habits. The specific epithet ''pectoralis'' comes from the Latin ''pectoris'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Certhionyx
The pied honeyeater (''Certhionyx variegatus'') is a species of bird in the family of honeyeaters Meliphagidae and the sole species in the genus '' Certhionyx'' (Christidis & Boles 2008). This species is also known as the black and white honeyeater or western pied honeyeater. It is endemic to Australia and is listed as a vulnerable species under Schedule 2 of the Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995 (NSW). Taxonomy In 1999, taxonomists had placed pied honeyeater (''Certhionyx variegatus''), banded honeyeater (''Cissomela pectoralis'') and black honeyeater (''Sugomel nigrum'') in the genus ''Certhionyx''; however, revised DNA analysis indicates that these species are not closely related.Driskell, A & Christidis, L 2004, ''Phylogeny and evolution of the Australo-Papuan honeyeaters (Passeriformes, Meliphagidae)'', Molecular phylogenics and evolution, vol. 29, pp. 540–549. Christidis and Boles placed the pied honeyeater in the clade '' Acanthagenys'' in its own monotypic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. '' Panthera leo'' (lion) and '' Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus '' Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants of an ancestral taxon are grouped together (i.e. phylogenetic analysis should cl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Myzomela
''Myzomela'' is a genus of bird in the honeyeater family Meliphagidae. It is the largest genus of honeyeaters, with 39 species, and the most geographically widespread. It ranges from Indonesia to Australia and into the islands of the Pacific Ocean as far as Micronesia and Samoa. The genus was introduced by the naturalists Nicholas Vigors and Thomas Horsfield in 1827. The type species is the scarlet myzomela (''Myzomela sanguinolenta''). The title page is dated 1826. The genus contains the following 40 species: * Drab myzomela (''Myzomela blasii'') * White-chinned myzomela (''Myzomela albigula'') * Ashy myzomela (''Myzomela cineracea'') * Ruby-throated myzomela (''Myzomela eques'') * Moluccan myzomela (''Myzomela simplex'') * Red-tinged myzomela (''Myzomela rubrotincta'') * Biak myzomela (''Myzomela rubrobrunnea'') * Dusky myzomela (''Myzomela obscura'') * Red myzomela (''Myzomela cruentata'') * Reddish myzomela (''Myzomela erythrina'') * Papuan black myzomela (''Myzomela ni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
