Black Falls Crossing, Arizona
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Black Falls Crossing, Arizona
Black Falls is a natural basalt rock dam and significant crossing place on the Little Colorado River in Coconino County, Arizona near the Wupatki National Monument. The crossing lends its name to the sparsely populated Black Falls community of the Navajo Nation which is nearby. Geology Around 20,000 years ago the Grand Falls Lava Flow consisting of alkali olivine basalt proceeded along the Little Colorado River bed from a vent near Merriam crater. At Black Falls Crossing the lava flow has blocked the river channel so that when the river is flowing a ten-foot high waterfall is formed. At other times the rock is completely covered by sand. Uranium mining The Navajo people have been affected by uranium mining in the area. There are a large number of abandoned uranium mines to the north and east of the crossing. In 2007 the Navajo People of the Black Falls community were awarded an Environmental Justice Grant by the EPA due to uranium pollution of drinking water wells. History Bl ...
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Chocolate Falls (43696439111)
Chocolate is a food made from roasted and ground cacao seed kernels that is available as a liquid, solid, or paste, either on its own or as a flavoring agent in other foods. Cacao has been consumed in some form since at least the Olmec civilization (19th-11th century BCE), and the majority of Mesoamerican people ─ including the Maya and Aztecs ─ made chocolate beverages. The seeds of the cacao tree have an intense bitter taste and must be fermented to develop the flavor. After fermentation, the seeds are dried, cleaned, and roasted. The shell is removed to produce cocoa nibs, which are then ground to cocoa mass, unadulterated chocolate in rough form. Once the cocoa mass is liquefied by heating, it is called chocolate liquor. The liquor may also be cooled and processed into its two components: cocoa solids and cocoa butter. Baking chocolate, also called bitter chocolate, contains cocoa solids and cocoa butter in varying proportions, without any added sugar. Pow ...
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