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Bjerkandera Subsimulans
''Bjerkandera'' is a genus of wood-rotting fungi in the family Meruliaceae. Taxonomy The genus was circumscribed by Finnish mycologist Petter Adolf Karsten in 1879. The type species, '' B. adusta'', was originally described as ''Boletus adustus'' by Carl Ludwig Willdenow in 1787. The generic name honours Swedish naturalist Clas Bjerkander. Karsten included seven species in addition to the type: '' B. dichroa'', '' B. amorpha'', '' B. fumosa'', '' B. kymatodes'', ''B. diffusa'', and ''B. isabellina''. Most of those species have been since moved to different genera or synonymized. In a 1913 survey of polypore genera, Adeline Ames included ''B. adusta'', ''B. fumosa'', and '' B. puberula''; the latter fungus is now placed in ''Abortiporus''. Marinus Anton Donk included only ''B. adusta'' and ''B. fumosa'' in a 1974 publication. Some authors have suggested to merge these two species into other genera, such as '' Gloeoporu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fungi
A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from the other eukaryotic kingdoms, which by one traditional classification include Plantae, Animalia, Protozoa, and Chromista. A characteristic that places fungi in a different kingdom from plants, bacteria, and some protists is chitin in their cell walls. Fungi, like animals, are heterotrophs; they acquire their food by absorbing dissolved molecules, typically by secreting digestive enzymes into their environment. Fungi do not photosynthesize. Growth is their means of mobility, except for spores (a few of which are flagellated), which may travel through the air or water. Fungi are the principal decomposers in ecological systems. These and other differences place fungi in a single group of related organisms, named the ''Eumycota'' (''t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bjerkandera Subsimulans
''Bjerkandera'' is a genus of wood-rotting fungi in the family Meruliaceae. Taxonomy The genus was circumscribed by Finnish mycologist Petter Adolf Karsten in 1879. The type species, '' B. adusta'', was originally described as ''Boletus adustus'' by Carl Ludwig Willdenow in 1787. The generic name honours Swedish naturalist Clas Bjerkander. Karsten included seven species in addition to the type: '' B. dichroa'', '' B. amorpha'', '' B. fumosa'', '' B. kymatodes'', ''B. diffusa'', and ''B. isabellina''. Most of those species have been since moved to different genera or synonymized. In a 1913 survey of polypore genera, Adeline Ames included ''B. adusta'', ''B. fumosa'', and '' B. puberula''; the latter fungus is now placed in ''Abortiporus''. Marinus Anton Donk included only ''B. adusta'' and ''B. fumosa'' in a 1974 publication. Some authors have suggested to merge these two species into other genera, such as '' Gloeoporu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Synonym (biology)
The Botanical and Zoological Codes of nomenclature treat the concept of synonymy differently. * In botanical nomenclature, a synonym is a scientific name that applies to a taxon that (now) goes by a different scientific name. For example, Linnaeus was the first to give a scientific name (under the currently used system of scientific nomenclature) to the Norway spruce, which he called ''Pinus abies''. This name is no longer in use, so it is now a synonym of the current scientific name, ''Picea abies''. * In zoology, moving a species from one genus to another results in a different binomen, but the name is considered an alternative combination rather than a synonym. The concept of synonymy in zoology is reserved for two names at the same rank that refers to a taxon at that rank - for example, the name ''Papilio prorsa'' Linnaeus, 1758 is a junior synonym of ''Papilio levana'' Linnaeus, 1758, being names for different seasonal forms of the species now referred to as ''Araschnia leva ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Skeletocutis Amorpha
''Skeletocutis amorpha'' is a species of poroid fungus in the family Polyporaceae, and the type species of the genus '' Skeletocutis''. Taxonomy The fungus was first described as new to science in 1815 by Elias Magnus Fries as ''Polyporus amorphus''. It has since acquired an extensive synonymy. Czech mycologists František Kotlába and Zdeněk Pouzar transferred it to the genus ''Skeletocutis'' in 1958. Description Fruit bodies are effused-reflexed (crust-like with the edges curled out into rudimentary caps), or, more rarely, completely crust-like. Its spores are allantoid (sausage-shaped), and measure 3–4.5 by 1.3–1.8 μm. Habitat and distribution A widely distributed fungus, ''S. amorpha'' is found in Africa, Australia, China, and Europe. It causes a white rot in the dead wood of various species of the pine family, particularly pine, but also fir, larch, and spruce. Rarely, it grows on hardwoods such as alder, beech, and oak. References {{Taxonbar, fro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gelatoporia Dichroa
''Gelatoporia'' is a fungal genus in the family Gelatoporiaceae. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single widely distributed species ''Gelatoporia subvermispora''. The genus was circumscribed in 1985 by Finnish mycologist Tuomo Niemelä to contain poroid crust fungi with a monomitic hyphal structure, clamped hyphae, and producing white rot A wood-decay or xylophagous fungus is any species of fungus that digests moist wood, causing it to rot. Some species of wood-decay fungi attack dead wood, such as brown rot, and some, such as ''Armillaria'' (honey fungus), are parasitic and col .... References Gelatoporiaceae Monotypic Polyporales genera Taxa described in 1985 {{Polyporales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clas Bjerkander
Clas Bjerkander (23 September 1735, Skara – 1 August 1795) was a Swedish meteorologist, botanist, and entomologist. A Lutheran pastor, Bjerkander studied at the University of Uppsala. With Anders Dahl he wrote ''Svenska Topographiska Sällskapet i Skara'' ("Schwedische topographische Gesellschaft zu Skara") and, as sole author several short scientific papers on Microlepidoptera. Taxa named for him include *'' Pyralis bjerkandriana'' (Mehlmotte) *'' Bjerkandera'' P. Karst In 1778, Bjerkander was elected a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. References *Heinrich Dörfelt, Heike Heklau: ''Die Geschichte der Mykologie.'' 1998 External links AnimalbaseTaxa In biology, a taxon (back-formation from ''taxonomy''; plural taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular nam ... described by Bjerkandar and list of papers. 1735 birth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carl Ludwig Willdenow
Carl Ludwig Willdenow (22 August 1765 – 10 July 1812) was a German botanist, pharmacist, and plant taxonomist. He is considered one of the founders of phytogeography, the study of the geographic distribution of plants. Willdenow was also a mentor of Alexander von Humboldt, one of the earliest and best known phytogeographers. He also influenced Christian Konrad Sprengel, who pioneered the study of plant pollination and floral biology. Biography Willdenow was born in Berlin and studied medicine and botany at the University of Halle. After studying pharmaceutics at Wieglieb College, Langensalza and in medicine at Halle, he returned to Berlin to work at his father's pharmacy located in the Unter den Linden. His early interest in botany was kindled by his uncle J. G. Gleditsch and he started a herbarium collection in his teenage years. In 1794 he became a member of the Berlin Academy of Sciences. He was a director of the Botanical garden of Berlin from 1801 until his death. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Species Description
A species description is a formal description of a newly discovered species, usually in the form of a scientific paper. Its purpose is to give a clear description of a new species of organism and explain how it differs from species that have been described previously or are related. In order for species to be validly described, they need to follow guidelines established over time. Zoological naming requires adherence to the ICZN code, plants, the ICN, viruses ICTV, and so on. The species description often contains photographs or other illustrations of type material along with a note on where they are deposited. The publication in which the species is described gives the new species a formal scientific name. Some 1.9 million species have been identified and described, out of some 8.7 million that may actually exist. Millions more have become extinct throughout the existence of life on Earth. Naming process A name of a new species becomes valid (available in zo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type Species
In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen(s). Article 67.1 A similar concept is used for suprageneric groups and called a type genus. In botanical nomenclature, these terms have no formal standing under the code of nomenclature, but are sometimes borrowed from zoological nomenclature. In botany, the type of a genus name is a specimen (or, rarely, an illustration) which is also the type of a species name. The species name that has that type can also be referred to as the type of the genus name. Names of genus and family ranks, the various subdivisions of those ranks, and some higher-rank names based on genus names, have such types. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petter Adolf Karsten
Petter Adolf Karsten (16 February 1834 – 22 March 1917) was a Finnish mycologist, the foremost expert on the fungi of Finland in his day, and known in consequence as the "father of Finnish mycology". Karsten was born in Merimasku near Turku, studied at the University of Helsinki, and then moved to the inland of Tammela, where he spent most of his life with teaching botany and doing research at the Mustiala Agriculture Institute (now the Faculty of Agriculture of the HAMK University of Applied Sciences). He amassed a vast collection, both by his own efforts and those of his correspondents, and named about 200 new genera and 2,000 new species. In his mycological studies he extensively used the microscope and can be considered as the pioneer of fungal microscopy. ''Karstenia'', the international journal of mycology published by the Finnish Mycological Society, is dedicated to Karsten. Honours In 1885, botanist Elias Magnus Fries published ''Karstenia'' is a genus of fungi in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Circumscription (taxonomy)
In biological taxonomy, circumscription is the content of a taxon, that is, the delimitation of which subordinate taxa are parts of that taxon. If we determine that species X, Y, and Z belong in Genus A, and species T, U, V, and W belong in Genus B, those are our circumscriptions of those two genera. Another systematist might determine that T, U, V, W, X, Y, and Z all belong in genus A. Agreement on circumscriptions is not governed by the Codes of Zoological or Botanical Nomenclature, and must be reached by scientific consensus. A goal of biological taxonomy is to achieve a stable circumscription for every taxon. This goal conflicts, at times, with the goal of achieving a natural classification that reflects the evolutionary history of divergence of groups of organisms. Balancing these two goals is a work in progress, and the circumscriptions of many taxa that had been regarded as stable for decades are in upheaval in the light of rapid developments in molecular phylogenetics ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wood-decay Fungus
A wood-decay or xylophagous fungus is any species of fungus that digests moist wood, causing it to rot. Some species of wood-decay fungi attack dead wood, such as brown rot, and some, such as ''Armillaria'' (honey fungus), are parasitic and colonize living trees. Excessive moisture above the fibre saturation point in wood is required for fungal colonization and proliferation. In nature, this process causes the breakdown of complex molecules and leads to the return of nutrients to the soil. Wood-decay fungi consume wood in various ways; for example, some attack the carbohydrates in wood and some others decay lignin. The rate of decay of wooden materials in various climates can be estimated by empirical models.Viitanen, T. et al. (2010). Towards modelling of decay risk of wooden materials. European Journal of Wood and Wood Products 68:303-313. Wood-decay fungi can be classified according to the type of decay that they cause. The best-known types are brown rot, soft rot, and whit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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