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Bijambare Srednja Pećina
The Bijambare ( sr-cyrl, Бијамбаре) area, well-known for its cave complex, is located on the far north-eastern slopes of Ilijaš municipality, near Olovo a small town near Sarajevo, capital of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The protected landscape area is within boundaries of the Nišići plateau. It is accessible by the main road Sarajevo- Olovo, from which an asphalt road branches out leading towards a mountain home and the especially known ''Bijambare cave''. Large parts of these caves are open to visitors. Protected landscape The middle part of Bijambare is a karst plateau with all its commonly observed characteristics: caves, lost rivers, intriguing funnel-shaped depressions, rocky massifs and ''Bijambarsko Lake''. There are numerous karst caves in the protected area, explored so far are the ''Middle (The Main) Bijambare Cave'', ''Ledenjača'', ''Lower Bijambare Cave'', ''Ðuričina Cave'', ''Upper Bijambare Cave'', ''Dimšina Cave'', ''Ledenica'' and ''New Cave'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bosnia And Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina ( sh, / , ), abbreviated BiH () or B&H, sometimes called Bosnia–Herzegovina and often known informally as Bosnia, is a country at the crossroads of south and southeast Europe, located in the Balkans. Bosnia and Herzegovina borders Serbia to the east, Montenegro to the southeast, and Croatia to the north and southwest. In the south it has a narrow coast on the Adriatic Sea within the Mediterranean, which is about long and surrounds the town of Neum. Bosnia, which is the inland region of the country, has a moderate continental climate with hot summers and cold, snowy winters. In the central and eastern regions of the country, the geography is mountainous, in the northwest it is moderately hilly, and in the northeast it is predominantly flat. Herzegovina, which is the smaller, southern region of the country, has a Mediterranean climate and is mostly mountainous. Sarajevo is the capital and the largest city of the country followed by Banja Luka, Tu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medicinal Plants
Medicinal plants, also called medicinal herbs, have been discovered and used in traditional medicine practices since prehistoric times. Plants synthesize hundreds of chemical compounds for various functions, including defense and protection against insects, fungi, diseases, and herbivorous mammals. The earliest historical records of herbs are found from the Sumerian civilization, where hundreds of medicinal plants including opium are listed on clay tablets, c. 3000 BC. The Ebers Papyrus from ancient Egypt, c. 1550 BC, describes over 850 plant medicines. The Greek physician Dioscorides, who worked in the Roman army, documented over 1000 recipes for medicines using over 600 medicinal plants in ''De materia medica'', c. 60 AD; this formed the basis of pharmacopoeias for some 1500 years. Drug research sometimes makes use of ethnobotany to search for pharmacologically active substances, and this approach has yielded hundreds of useful compounds. These include the common drugs asp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protected Areas Of Bosnia And Herzegovina
Total size of protected area of Bosnia and Herzegovina amounts of , which is 1,13% of its entire territory. This is a list of areas protected by corresponding levels of the government of Bosnia and Herzegovina, namely at the entity's levels, and with various categorizations. National parks National parks of Bosnia and Herzegovina listed as follows: File:NP001 nacionalni park sutjeska perucica.jpg, Sutjeska National Park File:NP002 - 14.jpg, Kozara National Park File:Štrbački buk 1.jpg, Una National Park File:Drina Canyon.JPG, Drina National Park Nature parks Nature parks of Bosnia and Herzegovina listed as follows: File:Hutovo Blato . 28. 03. 2010 - panoramio - d.graso (1).jpg, PP1 Hutovo Blato File:Blidinje - sesup k jezeru, byvala vozova cesta.jpg, PP2 Blidinje File:Заштићени природни предио - Мочварни комплекс Бардача 6.jpg, PP3 Bardača File:Vrelo Bosne Trees.JPG, PP4 Vrelo Bosne File:Vrh Trebevića.jpg, PP5 Trebevi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nature Parks Of Bosnia And Herzegovina
Nature, in the broadest sense, is the physical world or universe. "Nature" can refer to the phenomena of the physical world, and also to life in general. The study of nature is a large, if not the only, part of science. Although humans are part of nature, human activity is often understood as a separate category from other natural phenomena. The word ''nature'' is borrowed from the Old French ''nature'' and is derived from the Latin word ''natura'', or "essential qualities, innate disposition", and in ancient times, literally meant "birth". In ancient philosophy, ''natura'' is mostly used as the Latin translation of the Greek word ''physis'' (φύσις), which originally related to the intrinsic characteristics of plants, animals, and other features of the world to develop of their own accord. The concept of nature as a whole, the physical universe, is one of several expansions of the original notion; it began with certain core applications of the word φύσις by pre-Socr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nišići Plateau
Nišići ( sr, Нишићи) is a village in the municipality of Ilijaš, situated north from Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, on a highland karst Karst is a topography formed from the dissolution of soluble rocks such as limestone, dolomite, and gypsum. It is characterized by underground drainage systems with sinkholes and caves. It has also been documented for more weathering-resistant ro ... plateau with a same name. Nature park Bijambare The region of Nišići within areal of Bijambare is a karst enclave with all its commonly observed characteristics and features: caves, lost rivers, intriguing funnel-shaped depressions and rocky massifs. The five caves are located in three horizons, and a 50 meters high waterfall nearby. Well known for its karstic features, part of the Nišići plateau around Bijambare is designated nature park, '' Bijambare Nature Park'', and is important tourist and speleological destination. Demographics According to the 2013 census, its popula ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karst Plateaus Of Bosnia And Herzegovina
Karst is a topography formed from the dissolution of soluble rocks such as limestone, dolomite, and gypsum. It is characterized by underground drainage systems with sinkholes and caves. It has also been documented for more weathering-resistant rocks, such as quartzite, given the right conditions. Subterranean drainage may limit surface water, with few to no rivers or lakes. However, in regions where the dissolved bedrock is covered (perhaps by debris) or confined by one or more superimposed non-soluble rock strata, distinctive karst features may occur only at subsurface levels and can be totally missing above ground. The study of ''paleokarst'' (buried karst in the stratigraphic column) is important in petroleum geology because as much as 50% of the world's hydrocarbon reserves are hosted in carbonate rock, and much of this is found in porous karst systems. Etymology The English word ''karst'' was borrowed from German in the late 19th century, which entered German muc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zenica-Doboj Canton
The Zenica-Doboj Canton (; hr, Zeničko-dobojska županija; sr, Зеничко-добојски кантон) is one of 10 cantons of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The cantonal seat is the City of Zenica. History During the protests and riots in Bosnia and Herzegovina in February 2014, the entire government of the Zenica-Doboj Canton resigned. Geography This canton is situated in the central part of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The cantonal capital is Zenica and the other town mentioned in the name is Doboj, which is in Republika Srpska, but part of the former Doboj municipality is in the Zenica-Doboj Canton. The canton has an area of 3,904 km2. Municipalities The Zenica-Doboj Canton is split into the following municipalities: Demographics 2013 Census As of 2013 census, a total of 364,433 inhabitants lives in Zenica-Doboj Canton. See also * Political divisions of Bosnia and Herzegovina * List of heads of the Zenica-Doboj Canton * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karst Caves Of Bosnia And Herzegovina
Karst is a topography formed from the dissolution of soluble rocks such as limestone, dolomite, and gypsum. It is characterized by underground drainage systems with sinkholes and caves. It has also been documented for more weathering-resistant rocks, such as quartzite, given the right conditions. Subterranean drainage may limit surface water, with few to no rivers or lakes. However, in regions where the dissolved bedrock is covered (perhaps by debris) or confined by one or more superimposed non-soluble rock strata, distinctive karst features may occur only at subsurface levels and can be totally missing above ground. The study of ''paleokarst'' (buried karst in the stratigraphic column) is important in petroleum geology because as much as 50% of the world's hydrocarbon reserves are hosted in carbonate rock, and much of this is found in porous karst systems. Etymology The English word ''karst'' was borrowed from German in the late 19th century, which entered German much earli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Protected Areas Of Bosnia And Herzegovina
Total size of protected area of Bosnia and Herzegovina amounts of , which is 1,13% of its entire territory. This is a list of areas protected by corresponding levels of the government of Bosnia and Herzegovina, namely at the entity's levels, and with various categorizations. National parks National parks of Bosnia and Herzegovina listed as follows: File:NP001 nacionalni park sutjeska perucica.jpg, Sutjeska National Park File:NP002 - 14.jpg, Kozara National Park File:Štrbački buk 1.jpg, Una National Park File:Drina Canyon.JPG, Drina National Park Nature parks Nature parks of Bosnia and Herzegovina listed as follows: File:Hutovo Blato . 28. 03. 2010 - panoramio - d.graso (1).jpg, PP1 Hutovo Blato File:Blidinje - sesup k jezeru, byvala vozova cesta.jpg, PP2 Blidinje File:Заштићени природни предио - Мочварни комплекс Бардача 6.jpg, PP3 Bardača File:Vrelo Bosne Trees.JPG, PP4 Vrelo Bosne File:Vrh Trebevića.jpg, PP5 Trebević Fil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Speleology
Speleology is the scientific study of caves and other karst features, as well as their make-up, structure, physical properties, history, life forms, and the processes by which they form (speleogenesis) and change over time (speleomorphology). The term ''speleology'' is also sometimes applied to the recreational activity of exploring caves, but this is more properly known as ''caving'', ''potholing'' (British English), or ''spelunking''. Speleology and caving are often connected, as the physical skills required for ''in situ'' study are the same. Speleology is a cross-disciplinary field that combines the knowledge of chemistry, biology, geology, physics, meteorology, and cartography to develop portraits of caves as complex, evolving systems. History Before modern speleology developed, John Beaumont wrote detailed descriptions of some Mendip caves in the 1680s. The term speleology was coined by Émile Rivière in 1890. Prior to the mid-nineteenth century the scientific valu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alpinism
Mountaineering or alpinism, is a set of outdoor activities that involves ascending tall mountains. Mountaineering-related activities include traditional outdoor climbing, skiing, and traversing via ferratas. Indoor climbing, sport climbing, and bouldering are also considered variants of mountaineering by some. Unlike most sports, mountaineering lacks widely applied formal rules, regulations, and governance; mountaineers adhere to a large variety of techniques and philosophies when climbing mountains. Numerous local alpine clubs support mountaineers by hosting resources and social activities. A federation of alpine clubs, the International Climbing and Mountaineering Federation (UIAA), is the International Olympic Committee-recognized world organization for mountaineering and climbing. The consequences of mountaineering on the natural environment can be seen in terms of individual components of the environment (land relief, soil, vegetation, fauna, and landscape) and location/zo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conifer
Conifers are a group of conifer cone, cone-bearing Spermatophyte, seed plants, a subset of gymnosperms. Scientifically, they make up the phylum, division Pinophyta (), also known as Coniferophyta () or Coniferae. The division contains a single extant class (biology), class, Pinopsida. All Neontology, extant conifers are perennial plant, perennial woody plants with secondary growth. The great majority are trees, though a few are shrubs. Examples include Cedrus, cedars, Pseudotsuga, Douglas-firs, Cupressaceae, cypresses, firs, junipers, Agathis, kauri, larches, pines, Tsuga, hemlocks, Sequoioideae, redwoods, spruces, and Taxaceae, yews.Campbell, Reece, "Phylum Coniferophyta". Biology. 7th. 2005. Print. P. 595 As of 1998, the division Pinophyta was estimated to contain eight families, 68 genera, and 629 living species. Although the total number of species is relatively small, conifers are ecology, ecologically important. They are the dominant plants over large areas of land, most ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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