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Bielefeld Agreement
The Bielefeld Agreement was an agreement during the Ruhr uprising of 1920 between the representatives of the Ruhr Red Army and the German government. Background At the height of the conflict in the Ruhr, which had started due to the Kapp Putsch, the Ruhr Red Army was in control of the Ruhr area and the nearby areas. However, the differences among the participants were great. The central organ in Hagen was relatively moderate, whereas the central council in Mülheim was dominated by syndicalists. In Duisburg, anarchist forces took control and acted completely separately from any higher authorities. In general, in the east and south part of the Ruhr, the less radical Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (USPD) was dominant, whereas in the west, syndicalists and communists were stronger. The government in Berlin saw these internal differences as an opportunity. They wanted to drive a wedge between the various movements and thereby weaken the power of the movement as a whol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bielefeld
Bielefeld () is a city in the Ostwestfalen-Lippe Region in the north-east of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. With a population of 341,755, it is also the most populous city in the administrative region (''Regierungsbezirk'') of Detmold and the 18th largest city in Germany. The historical centre of the city is situated north of the Teutoburg Forest line of hills, but modern Bielefeld also incorporates boroughs on the opposite side and on the hills. The city is situated on the ', a hiking trail which runs for 156 km along the length of the Teutoburg Forest. Bielefeld is home to a significant number of internationally operating companies, including Dr. Oetker, Gildemeister and Schüco. It has a university and several technical colleges ('' Fachhochschulen''). Bielefeld is also famous for the Bethel Institution, and for the Bielefeld conspiracy, which satirises conspiracy theories by claiming that Bielefeld does not exist. This concept has been used in the town's marketing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oskar Von Watter
Oskar Walther Gerhard Julius Freiherr von Watter (born 2 September 1861 in Ludwigsburg; died 23 August 1939 in Berlin) was a German ''Generalleutnant'' who came from an old Pomerania, Pomeranian noble family. World War I In April 1913, von Watter took over the command of the 10th Brigade of Field Artillery, which he kept until 3 March 1915. With that force, General von Watter took part in the early fighting of World War I in France. Subsequently, he took over the 54th Infantry Division (German Empire), 54th Infantry Division, which he commanded until 5 March 1918. The division was initially also deployed in France, but it was later sent to fight on the eastern front by the River Narew, and from September 1915, he was again at the western front. On 23 December 1917, he was awarded the Pour le Mérite for military bravery. Until 11 November 1918, he was commander of the XXVI Reserve Corps (German Empire), XXVI Reserve Corps. On 3 November 1918, a few days before the end of the war ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hermann Müller (politician, Born 1876)
Hermann Müller (18 May 1876 – 20 March 1931; ) was a German Social Democratic politician who served as foreign minister (1919–1920) and was twice chancellor of Germany (1920, 1928–1930) during the Weimar Republic. Müller rose quickly through the ranks of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) after joining it in 1893. He was elected to the Reichstag of the German Empire in 1916 and to the Weimar National Assembly in 1919. In his capacity as foreign minister, he was one of the German signatories of the Treaty of Versailles (28 June 1919). During the three months Müller was chancellor in 1920, his government passed a number of progressive social reforms before it had to resign due to the SPD's poor showing in the 1920 election. In his second term as chancellor, from June 1928 to 1930, he led a grand coalition through a period marked by budgetary and international relations issues. The coalition broke apart after the onset of the Great Depression, and Müller, already suff ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hamborn
Hamborn is a district of the city of Duisburg, in North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany). Hamborn has a population of 71,528 an area of 20.84 km2. Since 1 January 1975, has been one of seven districts or boroughs (Stadtbezirk) of Duisburg. History The city of Hamborn was incorporated into Duisburg in 1929. Until the merger, Hamborn was an independent city and at that time was one of the 40 largest cities in Germany.Adolf Liebers, Westermanns Weltatlas: mit erläuterndem Text und einem alphabetischen Namenverzeichnis(Komet, 2005) Earliest mention of Hamborn is around 962Anno Domini, AD as Havenburn, meaning Cattle trough. The land was given to the Archbishop of Cologne, to build a Premonstratensian monastery in 1136 by count Gerhard von Hochstaden. The Hamborn Abbey, Abbey and the neighboring farming communities were part of the Duchy of Cleves and became in 1666AD part of Brandenburg, Prussia. Until the early 19th century Hamborn was still a small village. Climate Landmarks La ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friedrich Ebert
Friedrich Ebert (; 4 February 187128 February 1925) was a German politician of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) and the first President of Germany (1919–1945), president of Germany from 1919 until his death in office in 1925. Ebert was elected leader of the SPD on the death in 1913 of August Bebel. In 1914, shortly after he assumed leadership, the party became deeply divided over Ebert's support of war loans to finance the German war effort in World War I. A moderate social democrat, Ebert was in favour of the ''Burgfriedenspolitik, Burgfrieden'', a political policy that sought to suppress squabbles over domestic issues among political parties during wartime in order to concentrate all forces in society on the successful conclusion of the war effort. He tried to isolate those in the party opposed to the war and advocated a split. Ebert was a pivotal figure in the German Revolution of 1918–19. When Germany became a republic at the end of World War I, he became its ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carl Legien
Carl Legien (1 December 1861 – 26 December 1920) was a German unionist, moderate Social Democratic politician and first President of the International Federation of Trade Unions. Biography Legien was born in Marienburg, Province of Prussia, (now Malbork, Poland), to Rudolf, a tax official, and Maria Legien. His parents died in his childhood and Legien grew up in an orphanage in Thorn, Province of Prussia (now Toruń) from 1867 to 1875. He became a wood turner and served in the Prussian Army from 1881 to 1884. He joined the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) in 1885, a wood turners’ union in 1886 and worked as a turner in several cities in Germany until 1891, since 1886 in Hamburg. In 1887 Legien became the first chairman of the German Association of Turners and of the General Commission of the German Trade Unions (Generalkommission der Gewerkschaften Deutschlands) in 1891, a position he would hold until its dissolution in 1919. He was elected a member of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carl Severing
Carl Wilhelm Severing (1 June 1875, Herford, Westphalia – 23 July 1952, Bielefeld) was a German Social Democrat politician during the Weimar era. He was seen as a representative of the right wing of the party. Over the years, he took a leading influence in the party district of Ostwestfalen and Lippe. He was a parliamentarian in the German Empire, the Weimar Republic and in Northrhine-Westphalia. He first played more than a regional role when he became Reich and later State Commissar in the Ruhr from 1919 to 1920. He was Interior Minister of Prussia from 1920 to 1926, Minister of the Interior from 1928 to 1930 and Interior Minister of Prussia again from 1930 to 1932. Along with fellow Social Democrat, Otto Braun, Severing agreed to General Hans von Seeckt's plans for a secret army to protect Germany's eastern border against a sudden attack from Poland. At the Nuremberg Trials on 21 May 1946, Severing defended this strategy by saying: That the army of 100,000 men granted to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communist Party Of Germany
The Communist Party of Germany (german: Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands, , KPD ) was a major political party in the Weimar Republic between 1918 and 1933, an underground resistance movement in Nazi Germany, and a minor party in West Germany in the postwar period until it was banned by the Federal Constitutional Court in 1956. Founded in the aftermath of the First World War by socialists who had opposed the war, the party joined the Spartacist uprising of January 1919, which sought to establish a soviet republic in Germany. After the defeat of the uprising, and the murder of KPD leaders Rosa Luxemburg, Karl Liebknecht and Leo Jogiches, the party temporarily steered a more moderate, parliamentarian course under the leadership of Paul Levi. During the Weimar Republic period, the KPD usually polled between 10 and 15 percent of the vote and was represented in the national and in state parliaments. Under the leadership of Ernst Thälmann from 1925 the party became thoroughly S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arnsberg (region)
Arnsberg () is one of the five Regierungsbezirke of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, located in the west-central part of the country. It covers the Sauerland hills as well as the east part of the Ruhr area. The region was founded in 1815 as a subdivision of the Prussian Province of Westphalia. ''Kreise''(counties) # Ennepe-Ruhr # Hochsauerland # Märkischer Kreis # Olpe # Siegen-Wittgenstein # Soest # Unna Unna is a city of around 59,000 people in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, the seat of the Unna district. The newly refurbished Unna station has trains to all major cities in North Rhine Westphalia including Dortmund, Cologne, Münster, Hamm, ... ''Kreisfreie Städte''(independent cities) # Bochum # Dortmund # Hagen # Hamm # Herne Economy The Gross domestic product (GDP) of the region was 124.8 billion € in 2018, accounting for 3.7% of German economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was 32,000 € or 106% of the EU27 average in the s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Münster (region)
Münster is one of the five ''Regierungsbezirke'' of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, located in the north of the state, and named after the capital city of Münster. It includes the area which in medieval times was known as the Dreingau. Regierungsbezirk Münster mostly covers rural areas of Münsterland famous for their castles, e.g. Castle Nordkirchen and Castle Ahaus. The region offers more than a hundred castles, all linked up by the cycle path ''100 Schlösser Route''. The three southern municipalities are part of the Ruhrgebiet, a densely populated region with much industry. Besides this the area is mostly as green as the rest of Münsterland and historically a part of the landscape. The history of the ''Regierungsbezirk'' dates back to 1815, when it was one of the original 25 ''Regierungsbezirke'' created as a subdivision of the provinces of Prussia. The last reorganization of the districts was made in 1975, when the number of districts was reduced from ten to five, and t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Düsseldorf (region)
Düsseldorf is one of the five ''Regierungsbezirke'' of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, located in the north-west of the country. It covers the western part of the Ruhr Area, as well as the ''Niederrheinische Tiefebene'', the lower Rhine area. It is the most populated of all German administrative areas of the kind. It is the only area in Germany where the traditional dialects are Low Franconian, rather than Low German or High German. It was created as a subdivision of the Prussian Rhineland when Prussia reformed its internal administration in 1815. In 1822 the '' Regierungsbezirk Kleve'' was incorporated into Regierungbezirk Düsseldorf. Its highest point is the Brodtberg The Brodtberg, at {{Höhe, 378.86, DE-NN, link=true, is the highest hill in Remscheid and the region of Düsseldorf in Germany. Despite that, it is not particularly prominent; for example the nearby quarter of Lennep Remscheid () is a city in N ... (378 m). Economy The Gross domestic product (GDP) of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
