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Bielawa
Bielawa (german: Langenbielau; szl, Bielawa) is a town in southwestern Poland. Since 1999, it has been situated in Dzierżoniów County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship. From 1975 to 1998, it was part of the Wałbrzych Voivodeship. As of December 2021, it has a population of 29,232. Bielawa lies in the central part of Lower Silesia, along the Bielawica stream in the Owl Mountains region. The town covers an area in excess of . Bielawa lies at an altitude range of 280 and 964 m above sea level, in the Owl Mountains. The town is a year-round tourist destination; its outdoor attractions include four major hiking trails of varying difficulty in an park, as well as cycling trails and ski lifts. History The oldest known mention of Bielawa dates back to 1288, when it was part of fragmented Piast-ruled Poland. Its name is of Polish origin and is derived from the word ''biela'', ''bila'', current Polish ''biała'' ("white"). In 1720 the first brick house was built in the village and in 174 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dzierżoniów County
__NOTOC__ Dzierżoniów County ( pl, powiat dzierżoniowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, south-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the town of Dzierżoniów, and it also contains four other towns: Bielawa, Niemcza, Pieszyce and Piława Górna. The county covers an area of . As at 2019 the total population of the county is 101,118. This figure breaks down as follows: Dzierżoniów 33,239, Bielawa 29,971, Pieszyce 7,123, Piława Górna 6,412, Niemcza 2,965, rural areas 21,408. Neighbouring counties Dzierżoniów County is bordered by Świdnica County to the north, Wrocław County to the north-east, Strzelin County to the east, Ząbkowice Śląskie County to the south-east, Kłodzko County to the south and Wałbrzych County to the west. Administrative division The county is subdivided into seven gmin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Lower Silesian Voivodeship, or Lower Silesia Province, in southwestern Poland, is one of the 16 voivodeships (provinces) into which Poland is divided. The voivodeship was created on 1 January 1999 out of the former Wrocław, Legnica, Wałbrzych and Jelenia Góra Voivodeships, following the Polish local government reforms adopted in 1998. It covers an area of , and has a total population of 2,899,986. It is one of the richest provinces in Poland as it has valuable natural resources such as copper, silver, gold, brown coal and rock materials (inter alia granite, basalt, gabbro, diabase, amphibolite, porphyry, gneiss, serpentinite, sandstone, greywacke, limestone, dolomite, bentonite, kaolinite, clay, aggregate), which are exploited by the biggest enterprises. Its well developed and varied industries attract both domestic and foreign investors. Its capital and largest city is Wrocław, situated on the Oder River. It is one of Poland's largest and most dynamic cities with a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wałbrzych Voivodeship
Walbrzych Voivodeship ( pl, województwo wałbrzyskie) was a unit of administrative division and local government in Poland in the years 1975–1998, superseded by the Lower Silesian Voivodeship. Major cities and towns (population in 1995) * Wałbrzych (139,600) * Świdnica (64,800) * Dzierżoniów (38,300) * Bielawa (34,600) * Kłodzko (30,900) * Nowa Ruda (27,200) * Świebodzice (24,700) See also * Voivodeships of Poland A voivodeship (; pl, województwo ; plural: ) is the highest-level administrative division of Poland, corresponding to a province in many other countries. The term has been in use since the 14th century and is commonly translated into English as ... Former voivodeships of Poland (1975–1998) {{poland-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dzierżoniów
Dzierżoniów (; szl, Rychbach; german: Reichenbach im Eulengebirge ) is a town located at the foot of the Owl Mountains in southwestern Poland, within the Lower Silesian Voivodeship (from 1975 to 1998 in the former Wałbrzych Voivodeship). It is the seat of Dzierżoniów County, and of Gmina Dzierżoniów (although it is not part of the territory of the latter, since the town forms a separate urban gmina). Established in the 13th century, Dzierżoniów is a historical Lower Silesian town that covers an area of , and as of December 2021 it has a population of 32,346. It is named after Polish priest and scientist Jan Dzierżon. Unique and architecturally rich, Dzierżoniów features a central market square with elegant tenements and a town hall as well as few museums and restaurants. The Old Town is a venue for several annual events and fairs. History In its early history until 1945, the town was known as ''Reichenbach''; composed of the German words ''reich'' (rich, strong) an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greeks In Poland
The Greeks in Poland form one of the country's smaller minority groups, numbering approximately 3,600. History Greeks, particularly merchants and traders,, have been present in the Polish lands since the Middle Ages, funding a number of Orthodox churches and cemeteries throughout the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. However most of these immigrants eventually assimilated into the diverse groups that trace their heritage from this polity such as Poles, Lithuanians, Belarusians, and Ukrainians. Most self-identified Greeks in Poland today trace their heritage to the large number of Greek citizens who fled as refugees from the Greek Civil War and were admitted into Poland. They consisted largely of members of former communist partisan units from the Macedonia region of Greece. Most had been farmers before their flight from Greece. In total, from 1949 to 1951, 12,300 people from Greece came to Poland, of whom roughly one-quarter were children. Most refugees arrived by sea throu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Owl Mountains
The Owl Mountains ( pl, Góry Sowie, cs, Soví hory, german: Eulengebirge) are a mountain range of the Central Sudetes in southwestern Poland. It includes a protected area called Owl Mountains Landscape Park. Geography The Owl Mountains cover an area of about and stretch over between the historic Lower Silesian region and Kłodzko Land. Apart from the main ridge, the subdivisions of ''Garb Dzikowca'' and ''Wzgórza Wyrębińskie'' can be distinguished. The range is bounded by the valley of the Bystrzyca river in the northwest, forming a natural border with the adjacent Waldenburg Mountains (''Góry Wałbrzyskie''). In the southeast, the border is marked out by Srebrna Góra pass, separating them from the Bardzkie Mountains (''Góry Bardzkie''). In the north, the border is on Kotlina Distrabiekenstein and in the south on Obniżenie Noworudzkie and Włodzickie Hills. In the southwest, the broad Kłodzko Valley stretches to the Table Mountains (''Góry Stołowe''), the Stone ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Subcamps Of Gross-Rosen
Below is the list of subcamps of Gross-Rosen concentration camp, a complex of Nazi concentration camps built and operated by Nazi Germany during World War II. The camps are arranged alphabetically by their Nazi German designation. For the list of present-day locations in alphabetical order, please use table-sort buttons. The majority of prisoners came from occupied Poland (up to 90% in some subcamps) both Christian and Jewish (usually separated). Most, were put to work as slave labour in textile, armament, mining and defence construction industries. Other nationalities included Czechs, Slovaks, Roma, Belgians, Frenchmen, Russians, Yugoslavs, Hungarians and even ethnically German and Italian inmates. Thousands were brought in from Auschwitz after the selection to work for a network of German companies which ballooned in size during this period; with dozens of subcontractors. The inmates of ''Dyhernfurth'' for example, were utilized by almost thirty Nazi German startups. List of s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voivodeships Of Poland
A voivodeship (; pl, województwo ; plural: ) is the highest-level administrative division of Poland, corresponding to a province in many other countries. The term has been in use since the 14th century and is commonly translated into English as "province". The Polish local government reforms adopted in 1998, which went into effect on 1 January 1999, created sixteen new voivodeships. These replaced the 49 former voivodeships that had existed from 1 July 1975, and bear a greater resemblance (in territory, but not in name) to the voivodeships that existed between 1950 and 1975. Today's voivodeships are mostly named after historical and geographical regions, while those prior to 1998 generally took their names from the cities on which they were centered. The new units range in area from under (Opole Voivodeship) to over (Masovian Voivodeship), and in population from nearly one million (Opole Voivodeship) to over five million (Masovian Voivodeship). Administrative authority at th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Weavers' Uprising
Silesian weavers' uprising of 1844 (German: Schlesischer Weberaufstand) was a revolt against contractors who supplied the weavers of Silesia with raw material and gave them orders for finished textiles but drastically reduced their payments. Silesia's industry was in bad condition in the decades after 1815. Silesian linen weavers suffered under Prussia's free trade policy and British competitors that already used machines destroyed the competitiveness of Silesian linen. The situation worsened after Russia imposed an import embargo and the Silesian linen industry began to mechanize. In several towns this traditional craft died out altogether, costing many linen weavers their profession. As social conditions worsened, growing unrest culminated in the Silesian cotton weavers' uprising of 1844. This uprising, on the eve of the revolution of 1848, was closely observed by German society and treated by several artists, among them Heinrich Heine (with his 1844 poem '' Die schlesischen W ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Town Rights
Town privileges or borough rights were important features of European towns during most of the second millennium. The city law customary in Central Europe probably dates back to Italian models, which in turn were oriented towards the traditions of the self-administration of Roman cities. Judicially, a borough (or burgh) was distinguished from the countryside by means of a charter from the ruling monarch that defined its privileges and laws. Common privileges involved trade (marketplace, the storing of goods, etc.) and the establishment of guilds. Some of these privileges were permanent and could imply that the town obtained the right to be called a borough, hence the term "borough rights" (german: Stadtrecht; nl, stadsrechten). Some degree of self-government, representation by diet, and tax-relief could also be granted. Multiple tiers existed; for example, in Sweden, the basic royal charter establishing a borough enabled trade, but not foreign trade, which required a highe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gross-Rosen Concentration Camp
, known for = , location = , built by = , operated by = , commandant = , original use = , construction = , in operation = Summer of 1940 – 14 February 1945 , gas chambers = , prisoner type = mostly Jews, Poles and Soviet citizens , inmates = 125,000 (in estimated 100 subcamps) , killed = 40,000 , liberated by = , notable inmates = Boris Braun, Adam Dulęba, Franciszek Duszeńko, Heda Margolius Kovály, Władysław Ślebodziński, Simon Wiesenthal, Rabbi Shlomo Zev Zweigenhaft , notable books = , website = Gross-Rosen was a network of Nazi concentration camps built and operated by Nazi Germany during World War II. The main camp was located in the German village of Gross-Rosen, now the modern-day Rogoźnica in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland; directly on the rail-line between the towns of Jawor (Jauer) and Strzegom (Striegau). ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers. World War II was a total war that directly involved more than 100 million personnel from more than 30 countries. The major participants in the war threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. Aircraft played a major role in the conflict, enabling the strategic bombing of population centres and deploying the only two nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II was by far the deadliest conflict in human history; it resulted in 70 to 85 million fatalities, mostly among civilians. Tens of millions died due to genocides (including the Holocaust), starvation, ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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