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Bethulia
Bethulia (, ''Baituloua''; Hebrew: בתוליה) is a biblical "city whose deliverance by Judith, when besieged by Holofernes, forms the subject of the Book of Judith." Etymology The name "Bethulia" in Hebrew can be associated, in an allegorical sense, with "Beth-el" (house of God). If treated as a real geographical name, it can be explained as a composite word built from "betulah", virgin, and " Jah", the proper name of God, so literally "Yhwh's virgin". This suits the portrayal of Judith as a chaste widow and the book's emphasis on following religious rules, chastity among them. Hugo Willrich suggested in 1900 in his book "Judaica" that "Bethulia" is a corrupted form of "Bethalagan". Location The Jewish Encyclopedia suggests an original allegorical sense, later applied to a concrete place in the described region. However, no place-name easily derivable from Bethulia could be identified there. The Catholic Encyclopedia (1907–14) writes: "The view that Bethulia is merely ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Book Of Judith
The Book of Judith is a deuterocanonical book, included in the Septuagint and the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Christian Old Testament of the Bible, but excluded from the Hebrew canon and assigned by Protestants to the apocrypha. It tells of a Jewish widow, Judith, who uses her beauty and charm to destroy an Assyrian general and save Israel from oppression. The surviving Greek manuscripts contain several historical anachronisms, which is why some Protestant scholars now consider the book non-historical: a parable, a theological novel, or perhaps the first historical novel. The name Judith (), meaning "Praised" or "Jewess", is the feminine form of Judah. Historical context Original language It is not clear whether the Book of Judith was originally written in Hebrew or in Greek. The oldest existing version is in the Septuagint, and might either be a translation from Hebrew or composed in Greek. Details of vocabulary and phrasing point to a Greek text written in a language m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holofernes
In the deuterocanonical Book of Judith, Holofernes ( grc, Ὀλοφέρνης; he, הולופרנס) was an invading Assyrian general known for having been beheaded by Judith, a Hebrew widow who entered his camp and beheaded him while he was drunk. Holofernes had been dispatched by Nebuchadnezzar to take vengeance on Israel, which had withheld assistance in his most recent war. Having occupied every country along the coastline, Holofernes destroyed all worship of gods other than Nebuchadnezzar. Holofernes was warned against attacking the Jewish people by Achior, the leader of the Ammonites; however, despite the advice he laid siege to the city of Bethulia, commonly believed to be Meselieh. The city almost fell to the invading army; Holofernes' advance stopped the water supply to Bethulia, leading to its people encouraging their rulers to give in to Holofernes' demands. The leaders vowed to surrender if no help arrived within five days. Bethulia was saved by Judith, a Hebrew ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Misilyah
Misilyah ( ar, مسلية), sometimes spelled Mithilîyeh and Misilîyeh, is a Palestinian village in the northern West Bank, located 14 kilometers south of the city of Jenin. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, the village had a population of 2,252 inhabitants in mid-year 2006. The main agricultural crops cultivated in Misilya are olives, grapes, figs, and vegetables. Roman and Islamic ruins have been found in the village. Geography Misilyah is situated in a small plain in the foothills of Jabal Faḳu'ah, or Mount Gilboa. The plain, Marj al-Gharaḳ, also spelled Merj el-Ghǔrǔk, which lacks any natural drainage, was described at the beginning of the 20th century as transforming into a large swamp during the rainy season, only to dry up in summer, when the resulting field was cultivated with grain. History C. R. Conder suggested in the 1880s that Misilyah was ancient Bethulia, but Zertal, 2004, found no archeological evidence supporting this.Zertal, 2004 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sheikh Zuweid
Sheikh Zuweid (also spelled Sheikh Zoweid, Shaykh Zuwayd, or Sheikh Zouède; ar, الشيخ زويد , , Greek: ''Bitulion'') is a Bedouin town in the North Sinai Governorate of Egypt near the border with the Gaza Strip. It is situated between the cities of Arish and Rafah and is 334 kilometers (214 miles) northeast of Cairo. It has a population of around 60,000 as of 2015. History A remarkable mosaic from Late Antiquity (between the mid-fourth and mid-fifth centuries) was found in Sheikh Zuweid in 1913, known from the archaeological literature as the Sheikh Zouède mosaic (leaning on the French spelling: Cheikh Zouède). It is currently preserved in a museum in Ismailia. The 6th century Madaba Map shows a settlement called Betulion (Greek Β τλιον) in this location, possibly the Bethulia where Judith beheaded Holofernes in biblical legend. The town is named after Sheikh Zuweid, a commander of the Rashidun Islamic army who fought during the Muslim conquest of E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jenin
Jenin (; ar, ') is a Palestinian city in the northern West Bank. It serves as the administrative center of the Jenin Governorate of the State of Palestine and is a major center for the surrounding towns. In 2007, Jenin had a population of approximately 40,000 people, whilst the Jenin refugee camp had a population of 10,000.Judea.html" ;"title=" traveler taking the road from Galilee to Judea"> traveler taking the road from Galilee to Judea over Mount Tabor] would arrive", was the one which rejected the disciples of Jesus in Luke's Gospel at the point where Jesus and his followers begin his journey towards Jerusalem. Ceramics dating from the Byzantine Empire, Byzantine era have been found here. There is no mention of Jenin in the reports of the Muslim conquest of the Levant, Muslim Arab conquest of the Levant from the Byzantines, which, according to the historian Moshe Sharon, "is not surprising, since it was a small place of minor importance".Sharon 2017, p. 172. Crusader, Ay ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Esdrelon
The Jezreel Valley (from the he, עמק יזרעאל, translit. ''ʿĒmeq Yīzrəʿēʿl''), or Marj Ibn Amir ( ar, مرج ابن عامر), also known as the Valley of Megiddo, is a large fertile plain and inland valley in the Northern District of Israel. It is bordered to the north by the highlands of the Lower Galilee region, to the south by the Samarian highlands, to the west and northwest by the Mount Carmel range, and to the east by the Jordan Valley, with Mount Gilboa marking its southern extent. The largest settlement in the valley is the city of Afula, which lies near its center. Etymology The Jezreel Valley takes its name from the ancient city of Jezreel (known in Hebrew as Yizre'el; ; known in Arabic as Zir'ēn, ) which was located on a low hill overlooking the southern edge of the valley. The word ''Jezreel'' comes from the Hebrew, and means "God sows" or " El sows".Cheyne and Black, ''Encyclopedia Biblica'' The phrase "valley of Jezreel" was sometimes used t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dothain
Dothan (Hebrew: ) (also Dotan) was a location mentioned twice in the Hebrew Bible. It has been identified with Tel Dothan ( ar, تل دوثان), also known as Tel al-Hafireh, located adjacent to the Palestinian town of Bir al-Basha, and ten kilometers (driving distance) southwest of Jenin, near Dotan Junction of Route 60.Robinson, EdwardBiblical Researches in Palestine and the Adjacent Regions second edition, page 122; "footnote 434: We learned afterwards from Mr Van de Velde, that he too had unexpectedly lighted upon Dothan a few days earlier." Identification The modern consensus is that the archaeological site of Tel Dothan corresponds to ancient Dothan. Eusebius places Dothan 12 miles to the north of Sebaste; broadly consistent with the modern location. Other proposed locations Van de Velde noted that the Crusaders and later mediaeval travellers had located Dothan at the village of Hittin. Hebrew Bible Dothan is first mentioned in the Hebrew Bible (Book of Genesis) in co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tel Yokneam
Tel Yokneam, also spelled Yoqne'am or Jokneam ( he, תֵּל יָקְנְעָם), is an archaeological site located in the northern part of the modern city of Yokneam Illit. It was known in Arabic by a variant name, Tell Qamun ( ar, تل قامون), believed to be a corruption of the Hebrew name. The site is an elevated mound, or tel, spanning around 40 dunams (10 acres) and rising steeply to a height of . ''Yoqne'am I'', pp. 1–2 With a few brief interruptions, Yokneam was occupied for 4,000 years, from the Middle Bronze Age to the Ottoman Empire. Ben-Tor, 1987, p. 2 The ancient settlement at Tel Yokneam is first mentioned in Egyptian sources as a city conquered by Pharaoh Thutmose III.Yuval Goren, Israel Finkelstein, and Nadav Na'aman. "Petrographic Investigation of the Amarna Tablets." ''Near Eastern Archaeology'' 65, no. 3 (2002): 202–203. It appears later in the Hebrew Bible as a city defeated by Israelite leader Joshua and settled by the Tribe of Levi.Elizabeth Bloch-Sm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kefr Adân
Kafr Dan ( ar, كفر دان) is a Palestinian village in the Jenin Governorate, located 8 km northwest of Jenin in the northern West Bank. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) census, the town had a population of 5,148 in 2007. increasing in the 1931 census to 603, still all Muslim, in a total of 135 houses.Mills, 1932, p 67/ref> In the 1945 statistics, the population was 850, all Muslims,Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics, 1945, p16 with 7,328 dunams of land, according to an official land and population survey. 5 dunams were used for citrus and bananas, 2,680 for plantations and irrigable land, 3,799 for cereals, while 34 dunams were built-up (urban) land. Jordanian era In the wake of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and after the 1949 Armistice Agreements, Kafr Dan came under Jordanian rule. The Jordanian census of 1961 found 1,262 inhabitants. Post 1967 Since the Six-Day War in 1967, Kafr Dan has been under Israeli occ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
El-Yâmûn
Al-Yamun ( ar, اليامون) is a Palestinian town located nine kilometers west of Jenin in the Jenin Governorate, in the northern West Bank. Al-Yamun's land area consists of approximately 20,000 dunams, of which 1,300 dunams is built-up area. who was Orthodox.Barron, 1923, Table XV, p 47/ref> The population increased in the 1931 census to 1,836; all Muslim, in a total of 371 houses.Mills, 1932, p 71/ref> In the 1945 statistics the population was 2,520; all Muslims,Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics, 1945, p17/ref> with 20,361 dunams of land, according to an official land and population survey. 6,036 dunams were used for plantations and irrigable land, 11,121 dunams for cereals, while a total of 58 dunams were built-up, urban land. Jordanian era In the wake of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and after the 1949 Armistice Agreements, al-Yamun came under Jordanian rule. Some of al-Yamun inhabitants descended from Abu-Hija, a commander who came to Palestine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Victor Guérin
Victor Guérin (15 September 1821 – 21 Septembe 1890) was a French intellectual, explorer and amateur archaeologist. He published books describing the geography, archeology and history of the areas he explored, which included Greece, Asia Minor, North Africa, Lebanon, Syria and Palestine. Biography Guérin, a devout Catholic, graduated from the ''École normale supérieure'' in Paris in 1840. After graduation, he began working as a teacher of rhetoric and member of faculty in various colleges and high schools in France, then in Algeria in 1850, and 1852 he became a member of the French School of Athens. While exploring Samos, he identified the spring that feeds the Tunnel of Eupalinos and the beginnings of the channel. His doctoral thesis of 1856 dealt with the coastal region of Palestine, from Khan Yunis to Mount Carmel. With the financial help of Honoré Théodoric d'Albert de Luynes he was able to explore Greece and its islands, Asia Minor, Egypt, Nubia, Tunisia, and the Le ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
