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Berstidae
''Bersta'' is an extinct genus of hemipteran in the monotypic family Berstidae. It is known from two species found in the Cenomanian aged Burmese amber of Myanmar. The external morphology suggests that the genus were beetle mimics. Etymology The genus is named after Berstuk, a shapeshifting Slavic forest deity of the Sorb and Wend peoples. Morphology The length of the members of the genus is less than 2.6 mm, the abdominal trichobothria are absent, the abdominal spiracles are on unified sternal plates, and each hemelytron has three longitudinal veins present. Ecology The authors of the describing paper stated that the morphology strongly resembled those of beetles belonging to the families Tenebrionidae, Trogossitidae and Nitidulidae. They proposed the ''Bersta'' could have been an aggressive mimic, using its morphology to fool potential prey by resembling them. Phylogeny A phylogenetic analysis found the genus to be a member of Miroidea, and the sister family ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burmese Amber
Burmese amber, also known as Burmite or Kachin amber, is amber from the Hukawng Valley in northern Myanmar. The amber is dated to around 100 million years ago, during the latest Albian to earliest Cenomanian ages of the mid-Cretaceous period. The amber is of significant palaeontological interest due to the diversity of flora and fauna contained as inclusions, particularly arthropods including insects and arachnids but also birds, lizards, snakes, frogs and fragmentary dinosaur remains. The amber has been known and commercially exploited since the first century AD, and has been known to science since the mid-nineteenth century. Research on the deposit has attracted controversy due to its alleged role in funding internal conflict in Myanmar and hazardous working conditions in the mines where it is collected. Geological context, depositional environment and age The amber is found within the Hukawng Basin, a large Cretaceous-Cenozoic sedimentary basin within northern Myanmar. The s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bersta Lateral
''Bersta'' is an extinct genus of hemipteran in the monotypic family Berstidae. It is known from two species found in the Cenomanian aged Burmese amber of Myanmar. The external morphology suggests that the genus were beetle mimics. Etymology The genus is named after Berstuk, a shapeshifting Slavic forest deity of the Sorb and Wend peoples. Morphology The length of the members of the genus is less than 2.6 mm, the abdominal trichobothria are absent, the abdominal spiracles are on unified sternal plates, and each hemelytron has three longitudinal veins present. Ecology The authors of the describing paper stated that the morphology strongly resembled those of beetles belonging to the families Tenebrionidae, Trogossitidae and Nitidulidae. They proposed the ''Bersta'' could have been an aggressive mimic, using its morphology to fool potential prey by resembling them. Phylogeny A phylogenetic analysis found the genus to be a member of Miroidea, and the sister family ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miroidea
Miroidea is a superfamily of true bugs in the order Hemiptera. There are about 7 families and more than 15,000 described species in Miroidea. Families These seven families belong to the superfamily Miroidea: * Microphysidae Dohrn, 1859 * Miridae (plant bugs) * Thaumastocoridae Kirkaldy, 1908 * Tingidae The Tingidae are a family of very small () insects in the order Hemiptera that are commonly referred to as lace bugs. This group is distributed worldwide with about 2,000 described species. They are called lace bugs because the pronotum and f ... (lace bugs) * † Berstidae Tihelka et al., 2020 * † Ebboidae Perrichot et al., 2006 * † Hispanocaderidae Golub and Popov, 2012 * † Ignotingidae Zhang et al., 2005 References Further reading * * * * * Cimicomorpha Hemiptera superfamilies {{cimicomorpha-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bersta Vampirica Ventral
''Bersta'' is an extinct genus of hemipteran in the monotypic family Berstidae. It is known from two species found in the Cenomanian aged Burmese amber of Myanmar. The external morphology suggests that the genus were beetle mimics. Etymology The genus is named after Berstuk, a shapeshifting Slavic forest deity of the Sorb and Wend peoples. Morphology The length of the members of the genus is less than 2.6 mm, the abdominal trichobothria are absent, the abdominal spiracles are on unified sternal plates, and each hemelytron has three longitudinal veins present. Ecology The authors of the describing paper stated that the morphology strongly resembled those of beetles belonging to the families Tenebrionidae, Trogossitidae and Nitidulidae. They proposed the ''Bersta'' could have been an aggressive mimic, using its morphology to fool potential prey by resembling them. Phylogeny A phylogenetic analysis found the genus to be a member of Miroidea, and the sister family ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hemiptera
Hemiptera (; ) is an order (biology), order of insects, commonly called true bugs, comprising over 80,000 species within groups such as the cicadas, aphids, planthoppers, leafhoppers, Reduviidae, assassin bugs, Cimex, bed bugs, and shield bugs. They range in size from to around , and share a common arrangement of piercing-sucking Insect mouthparts, mouthparts. The name "true bugs" is often limited to the suborder Heteroptera. Entomologists reserve the term ''bug'' for Hemiptera or Heteroptera,Gilbert Waldbauer. ''The Handy Bug Answer Book.'' Visible Ink, 1998p. 1. which does not include other arthropods or insects of other orders such as Ant, ants, Bee, bees, Beetle, beetles, or Butterfly, butterflies. In some variations of English, all Terrestrial animal, terrestrial arthropods (including non-insect arachnids, and myriapods) also fall under the Colloquialism, colloquial understanding of ''bug''. Many insects with "bug" in their common name, especially in American English, belo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tenebrionidae
Darkling beetle is the common name for members of the beetle family Tenebrionidae. The number of species in the Tenebrionidae is estimated at more than 20,000 and the family is cosmopolitan in distribution. Taxonomy ''Tenebrio'' is the Latin generic name that Carl Linnaeus assigned to some flour beetles in his ''10th edition of Systema Naturae'' 1758-59. The word means "seeker of dark places" (or figuratively a trickster); an English language analogy is "darkling". Numerous Tenebrionidae species do inhabit dark places, however, there are many species in genera such as ''Stenocara'' and ''Onymacris'', which are active by day and inactive at night. The family covers a varied range of forms, such that classification presents great difficulties. These eleven subfamilies were listed in the 2021 review by Bouchard, Bousquet, ''et al.'', updating a similar catalog from 2005.Bouchard, Patrice. Lawrence, John F. Davies, Anthony E. Newton, Alfred F. Synoptic Classification of the World Te ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fossil Taxa Described In 2020
A fossil (from Classical Latin , ) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserved in amber, hair, petrified wood and DNA remnants. The totality of fossils is known as the ''fossil record''. Paleontology is the study of fossils: their age, method of formation, and evolutionary significance. Specimens are usually considered to be fossils if they are over 10,000 years old. The oldest fossils are around 3.48 billion years old to 4.1 billion years old. Early edition, published online before print. The observation in the 19th century that certain fossils were associated with certain rock strata led to the recognition of a geological timescale and the relative ages of different fossils. The development of radiometric dating techniques in the early 20th century allowed scientists to quantitatively measure the absolute ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tingidae
The Tingidae are a family of very small () insects in the order Hemiptera that are commonly referred to as lace bugs. This group is distributed worldwide with about 2,000 described species. They are called lace bugs because the pronotum and fore wings of the adult have a delicate and intricate network of divided areas that resemble lace. Their body appearance is flattened dorsoventrally and they can be broadly oval or slender. Often, the head is concealed under the hood-like pronotum. Lace bugs are usually host-specific and can be very destructive to plants. Most feed on the undersides of leaves by piercing the epidermis and sucking the sap. The then empty cells give the leaves a bronzed or silvery appearance. Each individual usually completes its entire lifecycle on the same plant, if not the same part of the plant. Most species have one to two generations per year, but some species have multiple generations. Most overwinter as adults, but some species overwinter as eggs or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aggressive Mimicry
Aggressive mimicry is a form of mimicry in which predators, parasites, or parasitoids share similar signals, using a harmless model, allowing them to avoid being correctly identified by their prey or host. Zoologists have repeatedly compared this strategy to a wolf in sheep's clothing. In its broadest sense, aggressive mimicry could include various types of exploitation, as when an orchid exploits a male insect by mimicking a sexually receptive female (see pseudocopulation), but will here be restricted to forms of exploitation involving feeding. An alternative term Peckhamian mimicry (after George and Elizabeth Peckham) has been suggested, but is seldom used. For example, indigenous Australians who dress up as and imitate kangaroos when hunting would not be considered aggressive mimics, nor would a human angler, though they are undoubtedly practising self-decoration camouflage. Treated separately is molecular mimicry, which shares some similarity; for instance a virus may mimic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nitidulidae
The sap beetles, also known as Nitidulidae, are a family (biology), family of beetles. They are small (2–6 mm) ovoid, usually dull-coloured beetles, with knobbed antenna (biology), antennae. Some have red or yellow spots or bands. They feed mainly on decaying vegetable matter, over-ripe fruit, and sap. Sap beetles coexist with fungi species and live in habitats of coniferous trees. They are found all across Europe and Siberia and are the biggest nutudulid species known in those areas. There are a few Pest (organism), pest species. An example of a pest species is the Stelidota geminata, strawberry sap beetle that infest crops in Brazil between the months of August and February. * the picnic beetle, ''Glischrochilus quadrisignatus'' * the dusky sap beetle, ''Carpophilus lugubris'' * the Stelidota geminata, strawberry sap beetle, ''Stelidota geminata'' * the small hive beetle, ''Aethina tumida'' The oldest unambiguous fossils of the family date to the Early Cretaceous, belong ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trogossitidae
Trogossitidae, also known as bark-gnawing beetles, are a small family in the superfamily Cleroidea. Many taxa formerly within this family have been removed (as of 2019) to other families, such as Lophocateridae, Peltidae, Protopeltidae, Rentoniidae, and Thymalidae.Gimmel, M.L., Bocakova, M., Gunter, N.L. and Leschen, R.A. (2019) Comprehensive phylogeny of the Cleroidea (Coleoptera: Cucujiformia). Syst Entomol, 44: 527-558. Members of the family are generally predatory and/or feed on fungi, both in adult and larval stages, and are generally associated with wood, being found under bark or inside bored tunnel galleries. There are about 400 species in 25 genera in the family under the new, restricted circumscription, as opposed to 600 species in over 50 genera in the old definition. The oldest fossil assignable to the modern, more restricted definition of the family is '' Microtrogossita'' from the mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber Burmese amber, also known as Burmite or Kachin amber, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Respiratory System Of Insects
An insect's respiratory system is the system with which it introduces respiratory gases to its interior and performs gas exchange. Air enters the respiratory systems of insects through a series of external openings called spiracles. These external openings, which act as muscular valves in some insects, lead to the internal respiratory system, a densely networked array of tubes called tracheae. This network of transverse and longitudinal tracheae equalizes pressure throughout the system. It is responsible for delivering sufficient oxygen (O2) to all cells of the body and for removing carbon dioxide (CO2) that is produced as a waste product of cellular respiration. The respiratory system of insects (and many other arthropods) is separate from the circulatory system. Structure of the spiracle Insects have spiracles on their exoskeletons to allow air to enter the trachea. In insects, the tracheal tubes primarily deliver oxygen directly into the insects' tissues. The spiracles ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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