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Bersatu (separatist Organisation)
Bersatu (Malay for "Unity" or "Solidarity"), also referred to as the Patani Malays People's Consultative Council ( ms, Majelis Permesyuaratan Rakyat Melayu Patani, MPRMP) was an umbrella group of separatist organisations of the predominantly Muslim and Malay provinces of Southern Thailand ("Patani"). Rohan Gunaratna & Arabinda Acharya , ''The Terrorist Threat from Thailand: Jihad Or Quest for Justice?'' History Bersatu, which is the Malay word for "unity," was formed as an umbrella organisation in an attempt to unify all separatist groups operating against the Kingdom of Thailand. It was established on 31 August 1989 by factions of the Barisan Revolusi Nasional Melayu Patani (BRN), the National Front for the Liberation of Pattani (BNPP), the Mujahideen Pattani Movement (BNP) and the Patani United Liberation Organisation (PULO). The core of BRN denies that it ever joined Bersatu. Under the banner of "Bersatu", the PULO, New PULO (that had broken away in 1995) and BRN began c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wan Kadir Che Man
Wan Abdul Kadir Che Man ( th, วันอับดุลกาเดร์ เจ๊ะมัน; ; born 1946) is a Thai-Malay scholar and separatist politician. He was the president of Bersatu, a former umbrella group of separatists in south Thailand. He lives in exile in Malaysia. During the 1990s, he was a lecturer in the department of history, University of Brunei Darussalam, and later an associate professor at the International Islamic University Malaysia The International Islamic University Malaysia ( ms, Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Malaysia; Jawi: اونيۏرسيتي اسلام انتارابڠسا مليسيا; ar, الجامعة الإسلامية العالمية بماليزيا), als .... Selected works * * * * ''National Integration and Resistance Movement: The Case of Muslims in Southern Thailand'' In: Volker Grabowsky (ed.), ''Regions and National Integration in Thailand, 1892-1992'' Harrassowitz Verlag. 1995, pp. 232-250. References Living ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Front For The Liberation Of Pattani
The Islamic Liberation Front of Patani ( ms, Barisan Islam Pembebasan Patani, abbreviated BIPP), until 1986 known as the National Liberation Front of Patani (NLFP; ms, Barisan Nasional Pembebasan Patani, BNPP; also translated as "Patani National Liberation Front" or "National Front for the Liberation of Pattani"; th, ขบวนการแนวร่วมปลดแอกแห่งชาติปัตตานี) is a militant Islamic separatist movement based in northern Malaysia and with a history of operations in the South Thailand insurgency. History The group was formed in 1959 by Tengku Abdul Jalal, aka Adul na Saiburi, and is reputed to be one of the first armed insurgent outfits in the Pattani area. The group had its base in Southern Thailand. ''Barisan Islam Pembebasan Patani'' The BNPP was very active in the 1970s and 1980s. It renamed itself to "Islamic Front for the Liberation of Pattani" (BIPP) in 1986. After a period of dormancy, it was revived in 2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Religiously Motivated Violence In Thailand
Religion is usually defined as a social-cultural system of designated behaviors and practices, morals, beliefs, worldviews, texts, sanctified places, prophecies, ethics, or organizations, that generally relates humanity to supernatural, transcendental, and spiritual elements; however, there is no scholarly consensus over what precisely constitutes a religion. Different religions may or may not contain various elements ranging from the divine, sacred things, faith,Tillich, P. (1957) ''Dynamics of faith''. Harper Perennial; (p. 1). a supernatural being or supernatural beings or "some sort of ultimacy and transcendence that will provide norms and power for the rest of life". Religious practices may include rituals, sermons, commemoration or veneration (of deities or saints), sacrifices, festivals, feasts, trances, initiations, funerary services, matrimonial services, meditation, prayer, music, art, dance, public service, or other aspects of human culture. Religions have sa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rebellions In Asia
Rebellion, uprising, or insurrection is a refusal of obedience or order. It refers to the open resistance against the orders of an established authority. A rebellion originates from a sentiment of indignation and disapproval of a situation and then manifests itself by the refusal to submit or to obey the authority responsible for this situation. Rebellion can be individual or collective, peaceful (civil disobedience, civil resistance, and nonviolent resistance) or violent (terrorism, sabotage and guerrilla warfare). In political terms, rebellion and revolt are often distinguished by their different aims. While rebellion generally seeks to evade and/or gain concessions from an oppressive power, a revolt seeks to overthrow and destroy that power, as well as its accompanying laws. The goal of rebellion is resistance while a revolt seeks a revolution. As power shifts relative to the external adversary, or power shifts within a mixed coalition, or positions harden or soften on eithe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South Thailand Insurgency
The South Thailand insurgency ( th, ความไม่สงบในชายแดนภาคใต้ของประเทศไทย; ms, Pemberontakan di Thailand Selatan) is an ongoing conflict centered in southern Thailand. It originated in 1948 as an ethnic and religious separatist insurgency in the historical Malay Patani Region, made up of the three southernmost provinces of Thailand and parts of a fourth, but has become more complex and increasingly violent since the early 2000s from drug cartels, oil smuggling networks, and sometimes pirate raids. The former Sultanate of Pattani, which included the southern Thai provinces of Pattani (Patani), Yala (Jala), Narathiwat (Menara)—also known as the three Southern Border Provinces (SBP)—as well as neighbouring parts of Songkhla Province (Singgora), and the northeastern part of Malaysia (Kelantan), was conquered by the Kingdom of Siam in 1785 and, except for Kelantan, has been governed by Thailand ever si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patani (historical Region)
Patani Darussalam (Malay: ''Kesultanan Patani Darussalam'', Jawi: كسلطانن ڤطاني دارالسلام, also sometimes Patani Raya or Patani Besar, "Greater Patani"; th, ปาตานี) is a historical region and sultanate in the Malay peninsula. It includes the southern Thai provinces of Pattani, Yala (Jala), Narathiwat (Menara), and parts of Songkhla (Singgora). Its capital was the town of Patani. The Patani region has historical affinities with the Singgora (Songkhla), Ligor (Nakhon Si Thammarat), Lingga (near Surat Thani) and Kelantan sultanates dating back to the time when the Patani Kingdom was a semi-independent Malay sultanate paying tribute to the Siamese kingdoms of Sukhothai and Ayutthaya. After Ayutthaya fell to the Burmese in 1767, the Sultanate of Patani gained full independence, but under King Rama I, it again came under Siam's control. In recent years, a secessionist movement has sought the establishment of a Malay Islamic state, Patani Daru ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gerakan Mujahidin Islam Patani
The Pattani Islamic Mujahideen Movement ( ms, Gerakan Mujahidin Islam Patani; GMIP) is an Islamic insurgent movement that has carried out violent actions as part of the protracted insurgency in Southern Thailand. GMIP is hostile to the practices of moderate Malay Muslims, accusing them of being un-Islamic. It is one of the most extreme terrorist groups currently operating in Southern Thailand. A shadowy leader named 'Jehkumir Kuteh' or 'Abdul Rahman Ahmad', among other names, was assumed at a certain point to lead the group, and Thailand's prime minister demanded from Malaysia his extradition in January 2005, but the Malaysian government refused. History Originally, in the 1990 decade GMIP had the establishment of a local Islamic state in Pattani as its main agenda. However, according to Thai military authorities, this group and the Barisan Revolusi Nasional (BRN) were revived after 2001 by the Trengganu-based Kumpulan Mujahidin Malaysia and have currently more hard-line Islam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patani United Liberation Organisation
The Patani United Liberation Organisation ( ms, Pertubuhan Pembebasan Bersatu Patani; abbreviated PULO) is a separatist insurgent group in Thailand, calling for an independent Patani. It was founded in 1968 in Saudi Arabia. The PULO, along with others, is currently fighting for the independence of Thailand's predominantly Malay Muslim south. PULO's platform is highlighted by its Islamic nationalist goals, calling the Thai presence in Pattani "a colonisation" and an "illegal occupation." Its stated aims are to secede from Thailand through military and political means, and to create a state named Patani Darul Makrif (Pattani, Land of Good deeds). The PULO flag has four red and white stripes and a blue rectangle on the upper left with a crescent and a star similar to other Malaysian Malay states History PULO was founded in 1968 reportedly around the leadership of Kabir Abdul Rahman (Bira Kotanila), a Patani Malay scholar, who served as its chairman until his death in 2008. By l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mujahideen Pattani Movement
''Mujahideen'', or ''Mujahidin'' ( ar, مُجَاهِدِين, mujāhidīn), is the plural form of ''mujahid'' ( ar, مجاهد, mujāhid, strugglers or strivers or justice, right conduct, Godly rule, etc. doers of jihād), an Arabic term that broadly refers to people who engage in ''jihad'' (), interpreted in a jurisprudence of Islam as the fight on behalf of God, religion or the community (''ummah''). The widespread use of the word in English began with reference to the guerrilla-type militant groups led by the Islamist Afghan fighters in the Soviet–Afghan War (see Afghan mujahideen). The term now extends to other jihadist groups in various countries such as Myanmar (Burma), Cyprus, and the Philippines. Early history In its roots, the Arabic word ''mujahideen'' refers to any person performing ''jihad''. In its post-classical meaning, ''jihad'' refers to an act that is spiritually comparable in reward to promoting Islam during the early 600s CE. These acts could be a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barisan Revolusi Nasional Melayu Patani
The Barisan Revolusi Nasional Melayu Patani, also known by the shorter form Barisan Revolusi Nasional (BRN; English: ''Patani Malays (or Malayu) National Revolutionary Front'')), meaning "National Revolutionary Front", is an Islamist Patani independence movement in northern Malaysia ( Perlis, Kedah and Kelantan) and Patani, southern Thailand. As of 2017, it is the most powerful rebel group in the region. Originally the BRN was established as a roughly territorial organisation, prioritizing Pattani secessionism. Since 2001, however, the BRN-C ''(BRN-Coordinasi)'' has become its most active wing, leading the south Thailand insurgency and imposing extreme religious values on the local society. The BRN-C, through its "Pejuang Kemerdekaan Patani" paramilitary wing, is the main group behind the murder of teachers in the Southern Border Provinces. History The BRN was founded on 13 March 1963 by Haji Abdul Karim Hassan. By 1984, three main factions were discernible within the group ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kedah
Kedah (), also known by its honorific Darul Aman (Islam), Aman and historically as Queda, is a States and federal territories of Malaysia, state of Malaysia, located in the northwestern part of Peninsular Malaysia. The state covers a total area of over 9,000 km2, and it consists of the mainland and the Langkawi islands. The mainland has a relatively flat terrain, which is used to grow rice, while Langkawi is an archipelago, most of which are uninhabited islands. Kedah was previously known as Kadaram (; ') by the ancient and medieval Tamils, Kataha or Kalahbar (; ' or ; ') by the Arabs, and ''Syburi'' ( th, ไทรบุรี; ) by the Thai people, Siamese when it was under their influence. To the north, Kedah borders the state of Perlis and shares an international boundary with the Songkhla Province, Songkhla and Yala Province, Yala provinces of Thailand. It borders the states of Perak to the south and Penang to the southwest. The state's capital is Alor Setar and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
