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Bernard Ato IV
Bernard Ato IV (died 1129) was the Viscount of Nîmes of the Trencavel family from 1074 to his death. Bernard Ato was the son of Raymond Bernard of Nîmes (died 1074) and Ermengarde of Carcassonne. In 1096, Bernard joined the army of Raymond of Saint-Gilles to fight in the First Crusade. After returning from the Holy Land, Bernard retook Carcassonne in 1125. He married Cecilia of Provence, daughter of the Bertrand II of Provence, and had: *Bernard Ato V *Roger I *Raymond I Trencavel *Ermengard married Gausfred III of Roussillon Gausfred III (died 1164) was the count of Roussillon from 1113 until his death. He was the son and successor of Girard I, who was assassinated, leaving Gausfred a child. Arnold Gausfred, the young count's uncle, acted as regent until 1121. Gaus .... References Sources * * * 1129 deaths Occitan nobility Trencavel Christians of the 1113–1115 Balearic Islands expedition Year of birth unknown Christians of the First Crusade Christians of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mariage Of Ermengard Of Carcassonne And Gausfred III Of Roussillon
Mariage may refer to: * Mariage (card game), a European card game with bonuses for "marrying" king and queen of the same suit * ''Mariage'' (film), a 1974 film by Claude Lelouch * ''Mariage'', a 2009 album by Kadril Kadril is a Belgian folk group formed in 1976 from the then youth and nature movement Wielewaaljongeren. The group name refers to the salon dance Quadrille, transliterated into Flemish as Kwadril or Kadril. History Kadril started with Erwin ... See also * Marriage (other) {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roger I Trencavel
Roger I Trencavel, (''Roger I of Beziers''), (died 1150) was the eldest son of Bernard Ato IV, Viscount of Albi, Agde, Béziers, Carcassonne, Nîmes, and Razès. On his father's death in 1130 he inherited Albi, Carcassonne, and Razès, while his younger brother Raymond inherited Agde and Béziers and his youngest brother Bernard Ato V inherited Nîmes. Beginning in Carcassonne in 1141, Roger was the first Trencavel ruler to appoint vicars to go about the vicecomital business at the local level. He appointed vicars both from within his court and without the regions which they were supposed to administer. It is clear, however, that Trencavel government was still rather primitive in Roger I's time. Roger I was a notable benefactor of the Order of the Temple and a fervent Crusader, making large grants to the first Templar preceptory in Occitania at Douzens. He made a grant to the Temple in 1133 of the village of Brucafel "that Omnipotent God in his mercy should make us and our post ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Year Of Birth Unknown
A year or annus is the orbital period of a planetary body, for example, the Earth, moving in its orbit around the Sun. Due to the Earth's axial tilt, the course of a year sees the passing of the seasons, marked by change in weather, the hours of daylight, and, consequently, vegetation and soil fertility. In temperate and subpolar regions around the planet, four seasons are generally recognized: spring, summer, autumn and winter. In tropical and subtropical regions, several geographical sectors do not present defined seasons; but in the seasonal tropics, the annual wet and dry seasons are recognized and tracked. A calendar year is an approximation of the number of days of the Earth's orbital period, as counted in a given calendar. The Gregorian calendar, or modern calendar, presents its calendar year to be either a common year of 365 days or a leap year of 366 days, as do the Julian calendars. For the Gregorian calendar, the average length of the calendar year ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christians Of The 1113–1115 Balearic Islands Expedition
Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words ''Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χριστός), a translation of the Biblical Hebrew term ''mashiach'' (מָשִׁיחַ) (usually rendered as ''messiah'' in English). While there are diverse interpretations of Christianity which sometimes conflict, they are united in believing that Jesus has a unique significance. The term ''Christian'' used as an adjective is descriptive of anything associated with Christianity or Christian churches, or in a proverbial sense "all that is noble, and good, and Christ-like." It does not have a meaning of 'of Christ' or 'related or pertaining to Christ'. According to a 2011 Pew Research Center survey, there were 2.2 billion Christians around the world in 2010, up from about 600 million in 1910. Today, about 37% of all Christians live in the A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Occitan Nobility
Occitan may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to the Occitania territory in parts of France, Italy, Monaco and Spain. * Something of, from, or related to the Occitania administrative region of France. * Occitan language, spoken in parts of France, Italy, Monaco and Spain. * Occitans The Occitans ( oc, occitans) are a Romance-speaking ethnic group originating in the historical region of Occitania (southern France, northeastern Spain, and northwestern Italy). They have been also called Gascons, Provençals, and Auvergnats.The ..., people of France, Italy, Monaco and Spain. {{disambiguation Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1129 Deaths
Eleven or 11 may refer to: *11 (number), the natural number following 10 and preceding 12 * one of the years 11 BC, AD 11, 1911, 2011, or any year ending in 11 Literature * ''Eleven'' (novel), a 2006 novel by British author David Llewellyn *''Eleven'', a 1970 collection of short stories by Patricia Highsmith *''Eleven'', a 2004 children's novel in The Winnie Years by Lauren Myracle *''Eleven'', a 2008 children's novel by Patricia Reilly Giff *''Eleven'', a short story by Sandra Cisneros Music *Eleven (band), an American rock band * Eleven: A Music Company, an Australian record label *Up to eleven, an idiom from popular culture, coined in the movie ''This Is Spinal Tap'' Albums * ''11'' (The Smithereens album), 1989 * ''11'' (Ua album), 1996 * ''11'' (Bryan Adams album), 2008 * ''11'' (Sault album), 2022 * ''Eleven'' (Harry Connick, Jr. album), 1992 * ''Eleven'' (22-Pistepirkko album), 1998 * ''Eleven'' (Sugarcult album), 1999 * ''Eleven'' (B'z album), 2000 * ''Eleven'' (Reamonn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gausfred III Of Roussillon
Gausfred III (died 1164) was the count of Roussillon from 1113 until his death. He was the son and successor of Girard I, who was assassinated, leaving Gausfred a child. Arnold Gausfred, the young count's uncle, acted as regent until 1121. Gausfred maintained disputes with the Trencavel, the viscounts of Béziers. On the other hand, he maintained the friendly relations begun by his grandfather Giselbert II with the counts of Ampurias. A treaty recognising the mutual rights of the two counties was in force between 1121 and 1155. Gausfred was the suzerain of the troubadour Berenguier de Palazol, who celebrated him in several songs as ''Jaufres''. He married Ermengard, daughter of the Viscount Bernard Ato IV Bernard Ato IV (died 1129) was the Viscount of Nîmes of the Trencavel family from 1074 to his death. Bernard Ato was the son of Raymond Bernard of Nîmes (died 1074) and Ermengarde of Carcassonne. In 1096, Bernard joined the army of Raymond of .... Their son was his s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raymond I Trencavel
Raymond I Trencavel (also Raimond) (died 1167) was the Viscount of Agde and Béziers from 1130 and Viscount of Albi, Carcassonne, and Razès from 1150. He was a member of the Trencavel family, ruling the lands of the elder branch. He was the second son of Bernard Ato IV and Cecilia of Provence.Cheyette, 26. When his father died in 1129, he redistributed his six viscounties between his three sons. The eldest, Roger I, received Carcassonne, Albi, and Razès; Raymond received Béziers and Agde; while the youngest, Bernard Ato V, received Nîmes.Graham-Leigh, 42. In 1132 Roger and Raymond agreed that in the event of Roger's death without heirs, Carcassonne would pass to Raymond. In 1150 Roger died and his three viscounties all passed to Raymond. After a series of disputes, the viscounty of Agde was divided between Raymond and Bernard Ato, with the latter holding the title. In November of the same year that he inherited his brother's viscounties, Raymond made a treaty with Raymond Bere ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bernard Ato V
Bernard Ato V (died 1163) was the Viscount of Nîmes of the Trencavel family from 1129 to his death. He was then succeeded by his son and successor Bernard Ato VI. In 1138, Bernard Ato swore an oath of fidelity to Alfonso Jordan, Count of Toulouse, along with his brothers Roger of Carcassonne and Raymond of Béziers. Nevertheless, because his father Bernard Ato IV had supported William IX of Aquitaine in his attempt to take Toulouse and because his lands controlled the roads between Alfonso's Languedoc The Province of Languedoc (; , ; oc, Lengadòc ) is a former province of France. Most of its territory is now contained in the modern-day region of Occitanie in Southern France. Its capital city was Toulouse. It had an area of approximately ...ian and Provençal lands, Bernard Ato and Alfonso were fundamentally at odds. Alfonso even seized some castles in the vicinity of Nîmes itself. Sources *Cheyette, Fredric L. ''Ermengard of Narbonne and the World of the Troubadours ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trencavel
The Trencavel was an important noble family in Languedoc between the 10th and 13th centuries. The name "Trencavel" began as a nickname and later became the family's surname. The name may derive from the Occitan words for "Nutcracker" (''trenca avelana''). The name was traditionally restricted in actual use only to those family members named Raymond, but the last Trencavel viscount, Raymond II, preferred the surname over his given name and adopted it for his charters. The first well-known member of the family was Ato I, viscount of Albi in the early 10th century. He was followed by five generations of viscounts of Albi in direct father-to-son descent. During this same period the family came to dominate the episcopacy of Languedoc. Each of the viscounts from Ato II on had a younger brother named Frotarius (or Frothaire) who was a bishop, be it of Albi, Cahors, or Nîmes. History In 1069, the three daughters of Peter II of Carcassonne sold the Counties of Carcassonne, Razè ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bertrand II Of Provence
Bertrand II, otherwise William VI (died 1093Or before 1067), was count of Provence following the death of his father Geoffrey I of Provence, though he is not mentioned until the next year (1063). He was either the eldest or second-eldest son of Geoffrey. There is much confusion concerning the last counts of Provence of the first and native dynasty. Both Bertrand's father Geoffrey and Geoffrey's brother Fulk Bertrand had sons named either William or Bertrand. It seems that Bertrand's cousin, Bertrand I, ruled as ''marchio'' (margrave) until his death around 1094 and was succeeded in his titles by Raymond IV of Toulouse. By his wife Matilda, he had one daughter Cecilia, who married Bernard Ato IV Bernard Ato IV (died 1129) was the Viscount of Nîmes of the Trencavel family from 1074 to his death. Bernard Ato was the son of Raymond Bernard of Nîmes (died 1074) and Ermengarde of Carcassonne. In 1096, Bernard joined the army of Raymond of Sa ..., Viscount of Carcassonne. Notes S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carcassonne
Carcassonne (, also , , ; ; la, Carcaso) is a French fortified city in the department of Aude, in the region of Occitanie. It is the prefecture of the department. Inhabited since the Neolithic, Carcassonne is located in the plain of the Aude between historic trade routes, linking the Atlantic to the Mediterranean Sea and the Massif Central to the Pyrénées. Its strategic importance was quickly recognized by the Romans, who occupied its hilltop until the demise of the Western Roman Empire. In the fifth century, it was taken over by the Visigoths, who founded the city. Within three centuries, it briefly came under Islamic rule. Its strategic location led successive rulers to expand its fortifications until the Treaty of the Pyrenees in 1659. Its citadel, known as the Cité de Carcassonne, is a medieval fortress dating back to the Gallo-Roman period and restored by the theorist and architect Eugène Viollet-le-Duc in 1853. It was added to the UNESCO list of World Heritage S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
