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Beria
Lavrentiy Pavlovich Beria (; rus, Лавре́нтий Па́влович Бе́рия, Lavréntiy Pávlovich Bériya, p=ˈbʲerʲiə; ka, ლავრენტი ბერია, tr, ; – 23 December 1953) was a Georgian Bolshevik and Soviet politician, Marshal of the Soviet Union and state security administrator, chief of the Soviet security, and chief of the People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs (NKVD) under Joseph Stalin during the Second World War, and promoted to deputy premier under Stalin in 1941. He officially joined the Politburo in 1946. Beria was the longest-lived and most influential of Stalin's secret police chiefs, wielding his most substantial influence during and after the war. Following the Soviet invasion of Poland in 1939, he was responsible for organizing purges such as the Katyn massacre of 22,000 Polish officers and officials. He would later also orchestrate the forced upheaval of minorities from the Caucasus as head of the NKVD, an act t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sergei Kruglov (politician)
, birth_date = , birth_place = Ustye, Zubtsov Uyezd, Tver Governorate, Russian Empire , death_date = , death_place = Moscow Oblast, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union , nationality = , party = Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1928 – 1960) , spouse = , signature = Sergei Kruglov Signature 1949.png Sergei Nikiforovich Kruglov (October 2, 1907 – July 6, 1977) was the Minister of Internal Affairs of the Soviet Union from January 1946 to March 1953 and again from June 1953 until February 1956. He held the military rank of Colonel General. He was involved in several brutal actions of the Soviet security forces. These actions occurred in the 1940s and were carried out alongside his comrade-in-arms General Ivan Serov. Kruglov was fluent in several foreign languages, including English, and was awarded the Legion of Merit and created an Honorary Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nikolai Yezhov
Nikolai Ivanovich Yezhov ( rus, Никола́й Ива́нович Ежо́в, p=nʲɪkɐˈɫaj ɪˈvanəvʲɪt͡ɕ (j)ɪˈʐof; 1 May 1895 – 4 February 1940) was a Soviet secret police official under Joseph Stalin who was head of the NKVD from 1936 to 1938, during the height of the Great Purge. Yezhov organized mass arrests, torture and executions during the Great Purge, but he fell from Stalin's favour and was arrested, subsequently admitting in a confession (that he later claimed was taken under torture) to a range of anti-Soviet activity including "unfounded arrests" during the Purge. He was executed in 1940 along with others who were blamed for the Purge. Early life and career Yezhov was born either in Saint Petersburg, according to his official Soviet biography, or in southwest Lithuania (probably Veiveriai, Marijampolė or Kaunas). Although Yezhov claimed to be born in Saint Petersburg, hoping to "portray (himself) in the guise of a deeply-rooted proletarian", h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Candide Charkviani
Kandid Charkviani ( ka, კანდიდ ჩარკვიანი, russian: Кандид Несторович Чарквиани; 1907 – 13 September 1994) was a Georgian party and government official, and First Secretary of the Communist Party of Georgia from 1938 to 1952.Mikaberidze, Alexander, ''Candide Charkviani'' from the Dictionary of Georgian National Biography. Early life Born in the Tsageri, Lechkhumi region of Georgia, born to Polish Immigrant Family, Charkviani graduated from Kutaisi Gymnasium and Tbilisi Engineering Institute. He began his career working for several publications, including major Georgian newspapers. Charkviani rose to the position of First Secretary of the Georgian SSR through support of Joseph Stalin. Yet Charkviani's promotion was met with strong resistance from Lavrenti Beria, who had been planning to find a replacement for this position amongst his own protégés. However, Stalin made the choice in favour of the young Charkviani (then 32). ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joseph Stalin
Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (born Ioseb Besarionis dze Jughashvili; – 5 March 1953) was a Georgian revolutionary and Soviet political leader who led the Soviet Union from 1924 until his death in 1953. He held power as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1922–1952) and Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union (1941–1953). Initially governing the country as part of a collective leadership, he consolidated power to become a dictator by the 1930s. Ideologically adhering to the Leninist interpretation of Marxism, he formalised these ideas as Marxism–Leninism, while his own policies are called Stalinism. Born to a poor family in Gori in the Russian Empire (now Georgia), Stalin attended the Tbilisi Spiritual Seminary before joining the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party. He edited the party's newspaper, ''Pravda'', and raised funds for Vladimir Lenin's Bolshevik faction via robberies, kidnappings and protection ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgy Malenkov
Georgy Maximilianovich Malenkov ( – 14 January 1988) was a Soviet politician who briefly succeeded Joseph Stalin as the leader of the Soviet Union. However, at the insistence of the rest of the Presidium, he relinquished control over the party apparatus in exchange for remaining Premier and first among equals within the Soviet collective leadership. He then became embroiled in a power struggle with Nikita Khrushchev that culminated in his removal from the premiership in 1955 as well as the Presidium in 1957. Throughout his political career, Malenkov's personal connections with Vladimir Lenin significantly facilitated his ascent within the ruling Communist Party of the Soviet Union. By 1925, he was entrusted with overseeing the party's records. This brought him into contact with Stalin who had by then successfully consolidated power as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union to become the de facto leader of the Soviet Union. As a result of this associatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vyacheslav Molotov
Vyacheslav Mikhaylovich Molotov. ; (;. 9 March Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates">O._S._25_February.html" ;"title="Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html" ;"title="nowiki/>Old Style and New Style dates">O. S. 25 February">Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html" ;"title="nowiki/>Old Style and New Style dates">O. S. 25 February1890 – 8 November 1986) was a Russian politician and diplomat, an Old Bolshevik, and a leading figure in the Soviet government from the 1920s onward. He served as Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars from 1930 to 1941 and as Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Soviet Union), Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1939 to 1949 and from 1953 to 1956. During the 1930s, he ranked second in the Soviet leadership, after Joseph Stalin, whom he supported loyally for over 30 years, and whose reputation he continued to defend after Stalin's death, having himself been deeply implicated in the worst atrocities of the Stalin years – the forced collectivisation of agriculture in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marshal Of The Soviet Union
Marshal of the Soviet Union (russian: Маршал Советского Союза, Marshal sovetskogo soyuza, ) was the highest military rank of the Soviet Union. The rank of Marshal of the Soviet Union was created in 1935 and abolished in 1991 when the Soviet Union dissolved. Forty-one people held this rank. The equivalent naval rank was until 1955 admiral of the fleet and from 1955 Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union. While the supreme rank of Generalissimus of the Soviet Union, which would have been senior to Marshal of the Soviet Union, was proposed for Joseph Stalin after the Second World War, it was never officially approved. History of the rank The military rank of Marshal of the Soviet Union was established by a decree of the Soviet Cabinet, the Council of People's Commissars (Sovnarkom), on 22 September 1935. On 20 November, the rank was conferred on five people: People's Commissar of Defence and veteran Bolshevik Kliment Voroshilov, Chief of the General St ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
19th Presidium Of The Communist Party Of The Soviet Union
The Presidium of the 19th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) was in session from 1952 to 1956. Composition Members Candidates Organs of the 19th Presidium (dissolved in March 1953) ;Bureau of the Presidium * Lavrentiy Beria (1889–1953) * Nikolai Bulganin (1895–1975) * Kliment Voroshilov (1881–1969) * Lazar Kaganovich (1893–1991) * Georgy Malenkov (1902–1988) * Mikhail Pervukhin (1904–1978) * Maksim Saburov (1900–1977) * Joseph Stalin (1878–1953) * Nikita Khrushchev (1894–1971) ;Standing Committee on Ideological Questions * Aleksey Rumyantsev (1905–1993) — Chairman from 18 November 1952 until 23 March 1953. * Mikhail Suslov (1902–1982) * Dmitry Chesnokov (1910–1973) * Dmitry Shepilov (1905–1995) — Chairman from 10 October 1952 until 18 November 1952. * Pavel Yudin (1899–1968) ;Standing Committee on Defense * Lavrentiy Beria (1899–1953) * Nikolai Bulganin (1895–1975) — Chairman from 10 October 1952 until 3 Mar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Secretary Of The Georgian Communist Party
The First Secretary of the Georgian Communist Party (; ) was the leading position in the Georgian Communist Party during the Soviet era. Its leaders were responsible for many of the affairs in Georgia and were considered the leader of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic. Many of its leaders were prominent outside of the country and were noted Soviet leaders, including Lavrentiy Beria and Eduard Shevardnadze. List of First Secretaries of the Georgian Communist Party *Mamia Orakhelashvili (March 1921–April 1922) * Mikheil Okujava (April–22 October 1922) *Vissarion Lominadze (25 October 1922 – August 1924) *Mikheil Kakhiani (August 1924–May 1930) *Levan Gogoberidze (May–19 November 1930) *Samson Mamulia (20 November 1930 – 11 September 1931) *Lavrenty Kartvelishvili (11 September–14 November 1931) *Lavrenti Beria (14 November 1931 – 18 October 1932) (1st time) *Petre Agniashvili (18 October 1932 – 15 January 1934) *Lavrentiy Beria (15 January 1934 – 31 August 193 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
18th Politburo Of The All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
The Politburo of the 18th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) was in session from 1939 to 1952. Composition Members Candidates References {{Communist Party of the Soviet Union Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union members Politburo Politburo Politburo Politburo Politburo Politburo Politburo Politburo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lavrenty Kartvelishvili
Lavrenty Kartvelishvili ( ka, ლავრენტი იოსების ძე ქართველიშვილი; russian: Картвелишвили, Лаврентий Иосифович; 28 April 1890 – 22 August 1938) was a Georgian Bolshevik revolutionary and Soviet politician who served as the First Secretary of the Georgian Communist Party from 11 September to 14 November 1931. Biography A son of a peasant, he was born on 16 (28) April 1890 in the village of Yaneti in Tiflis province. Involved in the revolutionary movement since 1905, he was a member of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party since 1910. In 1911 he studied at the Kiev Commercial Institute, which he graduated in 1914. During the October Revolution he was in Kiev and became one of the organizers of the struggle for Soviet power in Ukraine. He was chairman of the regional committee of the RSDLP in Kiev, member of the revolutionary and underground district and city committee of the CP in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Deputy Chairman Of The Council Of Ministers
The First Deputy Premier of the Soviet Union was the deputy head of government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR); despite the title, the office was not necessarily held by a single individual. The office had three different names throughout its existence: First Deputy Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars (1923–1946), First Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers (1946–1991) and First Deputy Prime Minister of the Soviet Union (1991). The term first deputy premier was used by outside commentators to describe the office of first deputy head of government. A First Deputy Premier was responsible over a specific policy area. For example, Kirill Mazurov was responsible for industry, while Dmitry Polyansky was accorded Agriculture of the Soviet Union, agriculture. In addition, an officeholder would be responsible for coordinating the activities of Ministries of the Soviet Union, ministries, State Committee of the Soviet Union, state committees and other b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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