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Beneficiarius
This is a list of Roman army units and bureaucrats. *''Accensus'' – Light infantry men in the armies of the early Roman Republic, made up of the poorest men of the army. *''Actuarius'' – A military who served food. *''Adiutor'' – A camp or headquarters adjutant or assistant. *''Aeneator'' – Military musician such as a bugler. *''Agrimensor'' – A surveyor (a type of ''immunes''). *''Antesignano'' – Supposedly a light infantry unit of legionaries who were used for protection of marching columns and to provide security to legions. *''Aquilifer'' – Bearer of the legionary eagle. *''Ala (Roman allied military unit), Ala'' – a military formation composed of conscripts from the Italian military allies. *''Alaris (Roman military), Alaris'' – A cavalryman serving in an ''Ala (Roman military), ala''. *''Auxilia'' – were introduced as non-citizen troops attached to the citizen legions by Augustus after his reorganisation of the Imperial Roman army from 30 BC. *''Vitruvius, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roman Army
The Roman army (Latin: ) was the armed forces deployed by the Romans throughout the duration of Ancient Rome, from the Roman Kingdom (c. 500 BC) to the Roman Republic (500–31 BC) and the Roman Empire (31 BC–395 AD), and its medieval continuation, the Eastern Roman Empire. It is thus a term that may span approximately 2,205 years (753 BC–1453 AD), during which the Roman armed forces underwent numerous permutations in size, composition, organisation, equipment and tactics, while conserving a core of lasting traditions. Historical overview Early Roman army (c. 500 BC to c. 300 BC) The early Roman army was the armed forces of the Roman Kingdom and of the early Roman Republic. During this period, when warfare chiefly consisted of small-scale plundering raids, it has been suggested that the army followed Etruscan or Greek models of organisation and equipment. The early Roman army was based on an annual levy. The army consisted of 3,000 infantrymen and 300 cavalrymen, all of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Decanus
''Decanus'' means "chief of ten" in Late Latin. The term originated in the Roman army and became used thereafter for subaltern officials in the Byzantine Empire, as well as for various positions in the Church, whence derives the English title "dean". History and functions The ''decanus'' was originally the leader of a 10-man '' contubernium'', which consisted of the squad of eight legionaries who lived in the same tent, plus the two support units/servants of the contubernium. The title must not be confused with the ''decurio'', which was a title given to civic officials and to leaders of 30-strong squadrons (''turmae'') of cavalry. ''Decanus'' is equivalent to the rank of the ''dekarchos'' ("commander of ten") in Greek texts. From the 4th century CE the term ''decanus'' became used for palace messengers, particularly those in the service of Roman empresses. ''Decani'' also apparently served as guards at gates, and in the 6th century, John Lydus equates them with the ancient li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Decurion (Roman Cavalry Officer)
A decurion (Latin: ''decurio'', plural ''decuriones'') was a Roman cavalry officer in command of a squadron (''turma'') of cavalrymen in the Roman army. Republican army During the Roman Republic a "Polybian" legion (c. 300–88 BC) of citizen-levies had a cavalry complement of 300 horse, divided into 10 ''turmae'' (squadrons) of 30 men each. Each ''turma'' was led by three decurions, who were elected by the squadron members themselves. Although ''decurio'' literally means "leader of ten men", it does not appear that a ''turma'' was sub-divided into three troops of ten men each. Instead, one decurion would act as squadron commander and the other two as his deputies.Polybius VI.25 Imperial army In the imperial Roman army of the Principate (30 BC – AD 284), a decurion also commanded a cavalry ''turma'' of c. 30 men, but now without colleagues. In common with all soldiers in the imperial army, decurions were long-service professionals, the majority volunteers. A Roman imperial l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Draconarius
The draconarius was a type of ''signifer'' who bore a cavalry standard known as a ''draco'' in the Roman army. Name Strictly speaking, the word ''draconarius'' denotes the bearer of the military standard on which a dragon was represented. The term passed into Christian usage, and was applied to the bearer of the labarum in battle, and also to cross-bearers in church processions. Dragon ensign From the conquered Dacians, the Romans in Trajan's time borrowed the dragon ensign which became the standard of the cohort as the eagle was that of the legion. Of Dacian, Sarmatian in origin, the ''draco'' was later generally introduced in the fourth century as a Roman standard. It consisted of a bronze dragon head with a fabric body similar in shape to a tail behind it. Wind flowed through the gaping mouth and billowed out the cloth tail much like a modern windsock. It is thought that some form of whistle was mounted in the dragon's neck to make a terrifying noise when galloping ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Doctor (Roman Military)
Doctor or The Doctor may refer to: Personal titles * Doctor (title), the holder of an accredited academic degree. * A medical practitioner, including: ** Audiologist ** Dentist ** Optometrist ** Physician ** Surgeon ** Veterinary physician * Other roles ** Doctor of the Church, a title given to those with great contribution to Christian theology or doctrine. ** Doctor of Nursing Practice ** Doctor of Pharmacy ** Doctor of Philosophy People * The Doctor (nickname), people with nickname or stage name of "Doctor" or "The Doctor". * Doctor Willard Bliss (1825–1889), American physician. * Doctor Greenwood (1860–1951), English footballer. * Sean Doctor (born 1966), American football player. * List of physicians Arts, entertainment, and media Characters * Doctor, a character in 1998 American comedy movie ''My Giant''. * Doctor (''Black Cat'') * Doctor (''Hellsing'') * The Doctor (''Cave Story''), also known as Fuyuhiko Date. * The Doctor (''Doctor Who'') * The Doctor ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cornicen
A ''cornicen'' (plural ''cornicines'') was a junior officer in the Roman army. The ''cornicens job was to signal salutes to officers and sound orders to the legions. The ''cornicines'' played the '' cornu'' (making him an ''aeneator''). ''Cornicines'' always marched at the head of the centuries, with the tesserary and the signifer. The ''cornicines'' were also used as assistants to a centurion (like an ''optio''). The ''cornicen'' was a duplicary or a soldier who got double the basic pay of the legionary. The cornicen The late Roman writer Vegetius in his work '' De re militari'' wrote: See also * Music of ancient Rome Music is generally defined as the The arts, art of arranging sound to create some combination of Musical form, form, harmony, melody, rhythm or otherwise Musical expression, expressive content. Exact definition of music, definitions of mu ... References *Vegetius ''De re militari'', Vegetius, Book II*Roman Empire Military ranks of ancient Rome An ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Comitatenses
The comitatenses and later the palatini were the units of the field armies of the late Roman Empire. They were the soldiers that replaced the legionaries, who had formed the backbone of the Roman military since the Marian reforms. Organization Units such as the Joviani and Herculiani had 5,000 soldiers and 726–800 cavalrymen. Many units' sizes would vary. There were three types of units. They were the heavy infantry, medium infantry, and light infantry. The ''comitatenses'' were the heavy infantry. The Auxiliaries, Auxilia Palatina, and the Peltasts were the medium infantry, and the psiloi were the light infantry. Comitatenses regiments consisted of 1,024 soldiers. Comitatenses legions could consist of 6,000 to 7,000 soldiers. Some of these soldiers would be lightly armed, while others would be heavily armed. During a battle the army would divide into 3-4 divisions. The army might use a double phalanx to protect its rear. Reserves would be located behind or between each di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Count Of The Stable
The Count of the Stable ( la, comes stabuli; grc-gre, κόμης τοῦ σταύλου/στάβλου, komes tou staulou/stablou) was a late Roman and Byzantine office responsible for the horses and pack animals intended for use by the army and the imperial court. From Byzantium, it was adopted by the Franks, and is the origin of the post and title of constable, via the Old French . History and functions The post first appears in the 4th century as the ('tribune of the acredstable'), initially responsible for the levying of horses from the provinces.. According to Ammianus Marcellinus, the holders of the post ranked equal to the tribunes of the guard regiments. In the , they are listed as the under the .. , XIV.6. By the early 5th century, as attested in the , they were raised to with the rank of , but the older title of tribune remained in parallel use for some time (cf. , 6.13.1). Eight holders of the office are known from the 4th century, including Emperor Valens () and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Comes
''Comes'' ( ), plural ''comites'' ( ), was a Roman title or office, and the origin Latin form of the medieval and modern title "count". Before becoming a word for various types of title or office, the word originally meant "companion", either individually or as a member of a collective denominated a "''Comitatus (classical meaning), comitatus''", especially the suite of a magnate, being in some instances sufficiently large and/or formal to justify specific denomination, e.g. a "''cohors amicorum''". "''Comes''" derives from "''com-''" ("with") and "''ire''" ("go"). Ancient Roman religion ''Comes'' was a common epithet or title that was added to the name of a hero or god in order to denote relation with another god. The coinage of Constantine I (emperor), Roman Emperor Constantine I declared him "''comes''" to Sol Invictus ("Unconquered Sun") ''qua'' god. Imperial Roman curial titles and offices styled ''Comites'' Historically more significant, "''comes''" became a secular ti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cohors Amicorum
{{short description, Roman Latin term meaning "cohort of friends" ''Cohors amicorum'' is a Latin term, literally meaning "cohort of friends". The notion cohort is to be taken not in the strict, military sense (primarily the constitutive unit of a Roman legion; circa battalion), but indicated a fairly large number; accordingly, friend is to be taken in a loose sense, rather as in '' amicus curiae''; compare the Hellenistic aulic title '' philos asilikos'. Roman history * Originally, since the Roman Republic proper (i.e. before the Principate), the ''cohors amicorum'' was synonymous with the ''cohors praetoria'' (so called after the praetorium, the tent -in the field- or more permanent dwelling of a Roman commanding general, military headquarters but also site of his other actions, e.g. as a judge, possibly on an adjoining podium called ''tribunal'') : the military (including or annexing various logistic, domestic, financial and administrative) staff company functioning as suite and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
