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Battus (trilobite)
''Battus'' is a synonym for several agnostid trilobites, now assigned to other genera. __NOTOC__ Etymology In Greek mythology, Battus is a shepherd who witnessed Hermes stealing Apollo's cattle. Because he broke his promise not to reveal this theft, Hermes turned him to stone. Taxonomy ''Battus'' Barrande, 1846 was no longer available since Giovanni Antonio Scopoli used ''Battus'' in 1777 for a genus of swallowtail butterflies. Trilobite species previously assigned to ''Battus'' A number of species previously assigned to the genus ''Battus'' have since been transferred to other genera: * ''B. bibullatus'' = '' Phalacroma bibullatus'' * ''B. cuneiferus'' = '' Diplorrhina cuneifera'' * ''B. granulatum '' = '' Pleuroctenium granulatum'' * ''B. integer'' = '' Peronopsis integer'' * ''B. laevigatus'' = ''Lejopyge laevigata ''Lejopyge laevigata'' is a species of agnostid trilobite belonging to the genus '' Lejopyge''. It existed during the Guzhangian to the Paibian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Synonym (taxonomy)
The Botanical and Zoological Codes of nomenclature treat the concept of synonymy differently. * In botanical nomenclature, a synonym is a scientific name that applies to a taxon that (now) goes by a different scientific name. For example, Linnaeus was the first to give a scientific name (under the currently used system of scientific nomenclature) to the Norway spruce, which he called ''Pinus abies''. This name is no longer in use, so it is now a synonym of the current scientific name, ''Picea abies''. * In zoology, moving a species from one genus to another results in a different binomen, but the name is considered an alternative combination rather than a synonym. The concept of synonymy in zoology is reserved for two names at the same rank that refers to a taxon at that rank - for example, the name ''Papilio prorsa'' Linnaeus, 1758 is a junior synonym of ''Papilio levana'' Linnaeus, 1758, being names for different seasonal forms of the species now referred to as ''Araschnia le ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treatise On Invertebrate Paleontology
The ''Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology'' (or ''TIP'') published by the Geological Society of America and the University of Kansas Press, is a definitive multi-authored work of some 50 volumes, written by more than 300 paleontologists, and covering every phylum, class, order, family, and genus of fossil and extant (still living) invertebrate animals. The prehistoric invertebrates are described as to their taxonomy, morphology, paleoecology, stratigraphic and paleogeographic range. However, taxa with no fossil record whatsoever have just a very brief listing. Publication of the decades-long ''Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology'' is a work-in-progress; and therefore it is not yet complete: For example, there is no volume yet published regarding the post-Paleozoic era caenogastropods (a molluscan group including the whelk and Common periwinkle, periwinkle). Furthermore, every so often, previously published volumes of the ''Treatise'' are revised. Evolution of the proje ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trinodus
''Trinodus'' is a very small to small (about ) blind trilobite, a well known group of extinct marine arthropods, which lived during the Ordovician (Tremadocian to early Hirnantian), in what are now the Yukon Territories, Virginia, Italy, Czech Republic, Poland, Denmark, Sweden, Svalbard, Ireland, Scotland, Wales, Iran, Kazakhstan and China. It is one of the last of the Agnostida order to survive. Etymology ''Trinodus'' is derived from the Latin tri (three) and nodus (node). ''Arthrorhachis'' is derived from the Greek ἄρθρον (''árthron'', "joint") and ῥάχις ( ''rháchis'', meaning axis, spine, ridge or backbone). Taxonomy ''Trinodus'', ''Arthrorhachis'' and ''Geragnostus'' are closely related and it may be appropriate to assign their species to just one genus. All species in these three genera have virtually identical cephalons, but of ''T. agnostiformes'', the type species of ''Trinodus'' only one poorly preserved cephalon was known. However, relatively recent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Condylopyge
''Condylopyge'' Hawle and Corda (1847) is a genus of agnostid trilobite that lived during the late Lower and early Middle Cambrian, in what are today Canada (Newfoundland and New Brunswick), the Czech Republic, England and Wales, France, Germany, Italy, Morocco, the Russian Federation (North-East Siberia), Spain, Turkey and Sweden. It can easily be distinguished from all other Agnostida because the frontal glabellar lobe is notably wider than the rear lobe. It belongs to the same family as '' Pleuroctenium'' but the frontal glabellar lobe does not fold around the rear lobe, as it does in that genus. Condylopyge is long ranging, possibly spanning the early Cambrian Terreneuvian Series in Nuneaton, central England into at least Drumian strata (middle stage of the Miaolingian Series) at various locations elsewhere. Description ''Condylopyge'' is isopygous with cephalon and pygidium The pygidium (plural pygidia) is the posterior body part or shield of crustaceans and some other ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phalagnostus
''Phalagnostus'' is a genus of small trilobites, in the order Agnostida. It lived during the Middle Cambrian, in what are now Canada (Newfoundland and Northwest Territories), China, the Czech Republic, Denmark, England, France, the Russian Federation (Bennett Island, Yakutia), Wales, Sweden, and possibly the United States (Vermont). The headshield (or cephalon) is almost entirely effaced and wider than the tailshield (or pygidium). The pygidium is also very effaced, but the ovate pygidial axis (or rhachis) is well defined and a border furrow is also present. Taxonomy ''Phalagnostus nudus'', the type species, was originally described as a species of '' Battus'' by Beyrich in 1845, but that name had already been used for a butterfly, and the trilobite genus was also deemed polyphyletic A polyphyletic group is an assemblage of organisms or other evolving elements that is of mixed evolutionary origin. The term is often applied to groups that share similar features known as hom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lejopyge Laevigata
''Lejopyge laevigata'' is a species of agnostid trilobite belonging to the genus '' Lejopyge''. It existed during the Guzhangian to the Paibian Age (around to million years ago) of the Cambrian. It has a cosmopolitan distribution and is an important index fossil in biostratigraphy. Description ''Lejopyge laevigata'' exhibits a cephalon and pygidium that are smooth and almost featureless ( effaced). Both possess axial furrows that gradually become shallower until they disappear distally. They surround the rear edges of the glabella (reaching about as far or a little past the basal glabellar lobes) and the anterior end of the central lobe of the pygidium. Basal furrows are also present. The genae ("cheeks") are usually smooth, but in extremely rare cases they may possess small pits (scrobicules) of moderate depth. The border around the pygidium is uniform in width at the back and narrows towards the front. Like all members of the suborder Agnostina, ''Lejopyge laevigata'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peronopsis
''Peronopsis'' (meaning "broach-like" or possibly "boot-like") is a genus of trilobite restricted to the Middle Cambrian. Its remains have been found in Asia, Australia, Europe, and North America. Etymology The subgenus ''Svenax'' is a contraction of Sven Axel, the given names of the paleontologist Tullberg. Taxonomy Position of ''Peronopsis palmadon'' ''Peronopsis palmadon'' is intermediate between Peronopsidae and Condylopygidae, but it is not clear whether ''P. palmadon'' is ancestral to the Condylopigidae, a condylopigid exhibiting regression towards ancestral characters, or an example of parallel evolution. Species previously assigned to ''Peronopsis'' * ''P. acadica'' = '' Acadagnostus acadicus'' * ''P. bifidus'' = '' Pseudoperonopsis bifidus'' * ''P. bonnerensis'' = '' Pentagnostus (Meragostus) bonnerensis'' * ''P. brunfloensis'' = '' Redeagnostus brunfloensis'' * ''P. bulkurensis'' = '' Pentagnostus (Meragostus) bulkurensis'' * ''P. columbensis'' = '' Pseudo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pleuroctenium
''Pleuroctenium'' Hawle & Corda (1847) is an agnostid trilobite belonging to the family Condylopygidae Raymond (1913). The genus occurs in Middle Cambrian (Drumian) strata of Canada (Newfoundland and New Brunswick), the Czech Republic, England and Wales, France, and Sweden. Type species By subsequent designation by Vogdes (1925) ''Battus granulatus'' Barrande, 1846, p. 15., from the Middle Cambrian of Bohemia. Lectotype: By subsequent designation by Snajdr (1958), National Museum of Prague, coll. Barrande, cc 250, No.1008; figured Barrande (1852, pl. 49, fig.5); Šnadjr (1958, pl. 2, fig. 5); and Horny & Bastl, 1970, p1. 1, fig. 6. From the Skryje Beds (Jince Fmn.), ''Eccaparadoxides pusillus'' Zone, Týřovice, Bohemia. Distribution * ''P. granulatum granulatum'' Barrande (1846) has been collected from the early Middle Cambrian of Canada (''Mawddachites hicksi'' Zone in the Manuels River Formation, South-East Newfoundland), the Czech Republic (higher levels of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diplorrhina
''Diplorrhina'' Hawle and Corda (1847) is a genus of trilobite belonging to Order Agnostida. It lived during the early Middle Cambrian ( Amgan and Mayan stages) in what are now the Czech Republic and the North Siberian plateau. as in members of the family Peronopsidae it lacks a preglabellar furrow. Both cephalon and pygidium lack spines. It is difficult to distinguish ''Diplorrhina'' from many other peronopsids. Taxonomy The ancestor of ''Diplorrhina'' is most likely one of the Siberian species of the genus ''Archaeagnostus ''Archaeagnostus'' is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobite Trilobites (; meaning "three lobes") are extinct marine arthropods that form the class Trilobita. Trilobites form one of the earliest ...''. ''D. recta'' is the most primitive species and it gave rise to ''D. cuneifera'', which was in turn ancestral to ''Diplorrhina triplicata''. Species previously assigned to ''Diplorrhina'' * ''D. normat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phalacroma
''Phalacroma'' is a genus of trilobite in the order Agnostida, which existed in what is now the Czech Republic The Czech Republic, or simply Czechia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Historically known as Bohemia, it is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the southeast. The .... It was described by Hawle and Corda in 1867, and the type species is ''Phalacroma bibullatus'', which was originally described as a species of '' Battus'' by Barrande in 1846. P.A. Jell and J.M. Adrain. References Agnostidae[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Synonym (taxonomy)
The Botanical and Zoological Codes of nomenclature treat the concept of synonymy differently. * In botanical nomenclature, a synonym is a scientific name that applies to a taxon that (now) goes by a different scientific name. For example, Linnaeus was the first to give a scientific name (under the currently used system of scientific nomenclature) to the Norway spruce, which he called ''Pinus abies''. This name is no longer in use, so it is now a synonym of the current scientific name, ''Picea abies''. * In zoology, moving a species from one genus to another results in a different binomen, but the name is considered an alternative combination rather than a synonym. The concept of synonymy in zoology is reserved for two names at the same rank that refers to a taxon at that rank - for example, the name ''Papilio prorsa'' Linnaeus, 1758 is a junior synonym of ''Papilio levana'' Linnaeus, 1758, being names for different seasonal forms of the species now referred to as ''Araschnia le ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swallowtail Butterfly
Swallowtail butterflies are large, colorful butterflies in the family Papilionidae, and include over 550 species. Though the majority are tropical, members of the family inhabit every continent except Antarctica. The family includes the largest butterflies in the world, the birdwing butterflies of the genus '' Ornithoptera''. Swallowtails have a number of distinctive features; for example, the papilionid caterpillar bears a repugnatorial organ called the osmeterium on its prothorax. The osmeterium normally remains hidden, but when threatened, the larva turns it outward through a transverse dorsal groove by inflating it with fluid. The forked appearance in some of the swallowtails' hindwings, which can be seen when the butterfly is resting with its wings spread, gave rise to the common name ''swallowtail''. As for its formal name, Linnaeus chose ''Papilio'' for the type genus, as ''papilio'' is Latin for "butterfly". For the specific epithets of the genus, Linnaeus applied ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
