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Battle Of Pantoja And Rocafuerte
The Battle of Pantoja and Rocafuerte, known also simply as the Battle of Rocafuerte, was a military confrontation between Peru and Ecuador that took place on August 11, 1941, during the Ecuadorian–Peruvian War. Background Hostilities between Peru and Ecuador began on July 5, 1941, when fire was exchanged between both parties. By late July, a full-on offensive was being carried out by Peru in the coastal region of southern Ecuador, and fire was being once again (hostilities had occurred in the past) exchanged in the disputed Amazon as well. A ceasefire had been declared by Ecuador, effective on July 31, but skirmishes between both parties continued nevertheless. Battle Both parties started exchanging fire at 4 a.m. according to Peru. Who started the attack, however, is disputed by both parties as well. The Ecuadorian outpost, ''Rocafuerte'', was well supplied and in a good position, and the Peruvian outpost, ''Cabo Pantoja'', was on a small island with trees blocking the view ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ecuadorian–Peruvian War
The Ecuadorian–Peruvian War, known locally as the War of '41 ( es, link=no, Guerra del 41), was a South American border war fought between 5–31 July 1941. It was the first of three military conflicts between Ecuador and Peru during the 20th century. During the war, Peru occupied the western Ecuadorian province of El Oro and parts of the Andean province of Loja. Although the war took place during World War II, it is unrelated to that conflict, as neither country was supported by either the Allies or the Axis. A ceasefire agreement between the two countries came into effect on 31 July 1941. Both countries signed the Rio Protocol on 29 January 1942, and Peruvian forces subsequently withdrew. The enmity over the territorial dispute continued after 1942 and concluded following the Cenepa War of 1995 and the signing of the Brasilia Presidential Act agreement in October 1998. Background The territorial dispute between Ecuador and Peru dated from before Ecuador's independen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peru
, image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg , other_symbol = Great Seal of the State , other_symbol_type = Seal (emblem), National seal , national_motto = "Firm and Happy for the Union" , national_anthem = "National Anthem of Peru" , march = "March of Flags" , image_map = PER orthographic.svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Lima , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , official_languages = Peruvian Spanish, Spanish , languages_type = Co-official languages , languages = , ethnic_groups = , ethnic_groups_year = 2017 , demonym = Peruvians, Peruvian , government_type = Unitary state, Unitary Semi-presidential system, semi-presidential republic , leader_title1 = President of Peru, President ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1941 In Ecuador ...
The following lists events that happened during 1941 in the Republic of Ecuador. Incumbents *President: Carlos Alberto Arroyo del Río Events *July 5–31 - Ecuadorian–Peruvian War *July 27 - Peruvian Army seize port of Puerto Bolivar References {{South America topic, 1941 in 1940s in Ecuador Years of the 20th century in Ecuador Ecuador Ecuador Ecuador ( ; ; Quechua: ''Ikwayur''; Shuar: ''Ecuador'' or ''Ekuatur''), officially the Republic of Ecuador ( es, República del Ecuador, which literally translates as "Republic of the Equator"; Quechua: ''Ikwadur Ripuwlika''; Shuar: ''Eku ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
El Peruano
''Diario Oficial El Peruano'' (''The Peruvian Official Newspaper'') is the official daily newspaper of Peru. The paper was founded on 22 October 1825 by Simón Bolívar although it changed names between the following decades and it was not published continuously since its inception. In addition to carrying news, all laws passed in Peru must be published by ''El Peruano''. It is currently edited by Delfina Becerra González. It is published by the Peruvian Company of Editorial Services SA - Editora Peru (''Empresa Peruana de Servicios Editoriales SA - EDITORA PERÚ''), a state enterprise under private law. The company was created as part of the national information system (''Sistema Nacional de Información'') established by ''Decreto Ley'' No. 20550 of 5 March 1974. This law included the various collective state media under a unified management, the majority of which returned to private ownership following the departure of the military regime from power. History Early decades ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Congress Of Peru
The Congress of the Republic of Peru ( es, Congreso de la República) is the unicameral body that assumes legislative power in Peru. Congress' composition is established by Chapter I of Title IV of the Constitution of Peru. Congress is composed of representatives who sit in congressional districts allocated to each region, as well as two special districts, Lima Province and Peruvian citizens living abroad, on a basis of population as measured by the Peruvian Census in multi-member districts. The number of voting representatives is fixed by the Constitution at 130. Pursuant to the 2017 Census, the largest delegation is that of Lima Province, with 36 representatives. Due to broadly interpreted impeachment wording in the 1993 Constitution of Peru, the Congress can impeach the President of Peru without cause, effectively making the legislature more powerful than the executive branch. Corruption is widespread throughout Congress as legislators use their office for parliamentary i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rosa Panduro District
Rosa Panduro District is a district of the Putumayo Province in Peru, and one of the four districts that comprise that province. History Rosa Panduro was part of Maynas Province until April 17, 2014 when it was created as District by Law N° 30186 as part of Putumayo Province. The district is named after a housewife who participated in the Ecuadorian–Peruvian War. Geography The district has a total land area of 7 155,65 km². Its administrative center is located 34 meters above sea level. Boundaries * By the north: Teniente Manuel Clavero District; * By the est: Colombia Republic; * By the south and sudwest: Putumayo District and, Napo District and Torres Causana District (Maynas Province). Authorities The current mayor of the district is Delmer Ricopa Coquinche (Movimiento Integración Loretana). See also * Administrative divisions of Peru The administrative divisions of Peru have changed from time to time since the nation gained independence from Spain in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amazon River
The Amazon River (, ; es, Río Amazonas, pt, Rio Amazonas) in South America is the largest river by discharge volume of water in the world, and the disputed longest river system in the world in comparison to the Nile. The headwaters of the Apurímac River on Nevado Mismi had been considered for nearly a century as the Amazon basin's most distant source, until a 2014 study found it to be the headwaters of the Mantaro River on the Cordillera Rumi Cruz in Peru. The Mantaro and Apurímac rivers join, and with other tributaries form the Ucayali River, which in turn meets the Marañón River upstream of Iquitos, Peru, forming what countries other than Brazil consider to be the main stem of the Amazon. Brazilians call this section the Solimões River above its confluence with the Rio Negro forming what Brazilians call the Amazon at the Meeting of Waters ( pt, Encontro das Águas) at Manaus, the largest city on the river. The Amazon River has an average discharge of about – ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rio Protocol
The Protocol of Peace, Friendship, and Boundaries between Peru and Ecuador, or Rio Protocol for short, was an international agreement signed in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, on January 29, 1942, by the foreign ministers of Peru and Ecuador, with the participation of the United States, Brazil, Chile, and Argentina as guarantors. The Protocol was intended to finally resolve the long-running territorial dispute between the two countries, and brought about the official end of the Ecuadorian–Peruvian War of 1941–1942. Nevertheless, the Protocol was incomplete, and war broke out between Peru and Ecuador twice more, in 1981 and in 1995, before the signing of the Itamaraty Peace Declaration which brought final resolution to the dispute. History In May 1941, as tensions at the Ecuadorian-Peruvian border mounted and war was imminent, the governments of the United States, Brazil, and Argentina offered their services in aiding in the mediation of the dispute. Their efforts failed to prevent t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carlos Alberto Arroyo Del Río
Carlos Alberto Arroyo del Río (27 November 1893 – 31 October 1969) was President of Ecuador from 1940 to 1944. He was a member of the Ecuadorian Radical Liberal Party. During his term, the country lost the 1941 Ecuadorian–Peruvian War. Arroyo was President of the Chamber of Deputies from 1922 to 1923, and President of the Senate in 1935 and from February 1939 to August 1940. See also * Ecuadorian–Peruvian War The Ecuadorian–Peruvian War, known locally as the War of '41 ( es, link=no, Guerra del 41), was a South American border war fought between 5–31 July 1941. It was the first of three military conflicts between Ecuador and Peru during the 20th ... {{DEFAULTSORT:Arroyo del Rio, Carlos Alberto 1893 births 1969 deaths People from Guayaquil Ecuadorian people of Spanish descent Ecuadorian Radical Liberal Party politicians Presidents of Ecuador Presidents of the Chamber of Deputies of Ecuador Presidents of the Senate of Ecuador World War II pol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flag Of Peru
The flag of Peru was adopted by the government of Peru in 1824, and modified in 1950. According to the article 49 of the Constitution of Peru, it is a vertical triband (flag), triband with red outer bands and a single white middle band. Depending on its use, it may be Defacement (flag), defaced with different emblems, and has different names. Flag day in Peru is celebrated on 7 June, the anniversary of the Battle of Arica. Design and symbolism Coat of arms Meaning of the colors Red represents the blood that was spilled for the fight. White represents Purity and Peace. Colour approximations The current colors of the Peruvian flag were taken of the design of José de San Martín, San Martín and José Bernardo de Tagle y Portocarrero, Marquis of Torre Tagle, Torre Tagle. The reasons why red and white were chosen are unknown. Official tones determined by Peruvian laws do not exist. However, there are some particular initiatives in approximated equivalents in multiple color mod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unconditional Surrender
An unconditional surrender is a surrender in which no guarantees are given to the surrendering party. It is often demanded with the threat of complete destruction, extermination or annihilation. In modern times, unconditional surrenders most often include guarantees provided by international law. Announcing that only unconditional surrender is acceptable puts psychological pressure on a weaker adversary, but it may also prolong hostilities. Examples Banu Qurayza during Muhammad's era After the Battle of the Trench, in which the Muslims tactically overcame their opponents while suffering very few casualties, efforts to defeat the Muslims failed, and Islam became influential in the region. As a consequence, the Muslim army besieged the neighbourhood of the Banu Qurayza tribe, leading to their unconditional surrender.Watt, ''Muhammad: Prophet and Statesman'', pp. 167–174. All the men, apart from a few who converted to Islam, were executed, while the women and children were ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Rennes 1
The University of Rennes 1 is a public university located in the city of Rennes, France. It is under the Academy of Rennes. It specializes in science, technology, law, economics, management and philosophy. There are currently about students enrolled, with about members of teaching staff and other staff members employed by the university. In 2023, the University of Rennes 1 will merge with four schools in the "UNIR" project, in order to create a new University of Rennes. History Creation of the University of Brittany Asked by Francis II, Duke of Brittany, the Pope created the first university of Brittany in Nantes in 1460. It taught arts, medicine, law, and theology. In 1728, the mayor of Nantes, Gérard Mellier, asked that the university be moved to Rennes, which was more trade orientated already had the Parliament of Brittany. The law school was moved the Rennes in 1730. In 1793 the French Revolution closed all universities and it was not before 1806 that the Law school re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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