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Battle Of Ugentana (1536)
The Second Battle of Ugentana, was a military operation that took place in 1536, between Portuguese forces and those of Sultan Alauddin Riayat Shah II of Johor. The Battle In 1535, the Portuguese captain of Malacca Dom Estevão da Gama attempted to defeat the Sultan of Johor by attacking his capital at Ugentana. Although he burned the city, the sultan avoided the total destruction of his forces by evacuating the city and retreating with his army into the jungle, while most of his fleet was out at sea at the time. Hence, he was able to rebuild his city and continue harassing the navigation of Malacca after the Portuguese had left, and for that reason Dom Estevão was compelled to try and attack Ugentana once more. He departed from Malacca with a carrack, a number of light oarships, 400 Portuguese soldiers, 400 auxiliaries and an unrecorded number of combat slaves with arquebuses.Saturnino Monteiro: ''Batalhas e Combates da Marinha Portuguesa 1139-1975'', 1991, Livraria Sá da C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malay–Portuguese Conflicts
Malay–Portuguese conflicts were military engagements between the forces of the Portuguese Empire and the various Malay states and dynasties, fought intermittently from 1509 to 1641 in the Malay Peninsula and Strait of Malacca. Background In 1498, after decades of exploratory efforts, the Portuguese navigator Vasco da Gama reached India, landing at Kozhikode, Calicut. He returned to Lisbon in 1499, ushering a new age of European presence in the East. King Manuel I of Portugal, Manuel wished to become involved in the Indian Ocean trade network, expecting to derive great profits from importing spices to Europe via the Cape Route, bypassing the numerous middle-men that traded in valuable merchandise through the Red Sea, Mamluk Sultanate, Egypt and the Middle East, where they were acquired by Republic of Venice, Venetian merchants and sold in Europe. The existence of the wealthy trade hub of Malacca was known to King Manuel of Portugal since at least 1505, from second-hand informati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Capture Of Malacca (1511)
The Capture of Malacca in 1511 occurred when the governor of Portuguese India Afonso de Albuquerque conquered the city of Malacca in 1511. The port city of Malacca controlled the narrow, strategic Strait of Malacca, through which all seagoing trade between China and India was concentrated.''The Cambridge History of the British Empire'' Arthur Percival Newton p. 1/ref> The capture of Malacca was the result of a plan by King Manuel I of Portugal, who since 1505 had intended to beat the Castilians to the Far-East, and Albuquerque's own project of establishing firm foundations for Portuguese India, alongside Hormuz, Goa and Aden, to ultimately control trade and thwart Muslim shipping in the Indian Ocean. Having started sailing from Cochin in April 1511, the expedition would not have been able to turn around due to contrary monsoon winds. Had the enterprise failed, the Portuguese could not hope for reinforcements and would have been unable to return to their bases in India. It wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1526 In The Portuguese Empire
Fifteen or 15 may refer to: *15 (number), the natural number following 14 and preceding 16 *one of the years 15 BC, AD 15, 1915, 2015 Music * Fifteen (band), a punk rock band Albums * ''15'' (Buckcherry album), 2005 * ''15'' (Ani Lorak album), 2007 * ''15'' (Phatfish album), 2008 * ''15'' (mixtape), a 2018 mixtape by Bhad Bhabie * ''Fifteen'' (Green River Ordinance album), 2016 * ''Fifteen'' (The Wailin' Jennys album), 2017 * ''Fifteen'', a 2012 album by Colin James Songs * "Fifteen" (song), a 2008 song by Taylor Swift *"Fifteen", a song by Harry Belafonte from the album '' Love Is a Gentle Thing'' *"15", a song by Rilo Kiley from the album '' Under the Blacklight'' *"15", a song by Marilyn Manson from the album '' The High End of Low'' *" The 15th", a 1979 song by Wire Other uses * Fifteen, Ohio, a community in the United States * ''15'' (film), a 2003 Singaporean film * ''Fifteen'' (TV series), international release name of ''Hillside'', a Canadian-American teen dra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battles Involving Portugal
A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force commitment. An engagement with only limited commitment between the forces and without decisive results is sometimes called a skirmish. The word "battle" can also be used infrequently to refer to an entire operational campaign, although this usage greatly diverges from its conventional or customary meaning. Generally, the word "battle" is used for such campaigns if referring to a protracted combat encounter in which either one or both of the combatants had the same methods, resources, and strategic objectives throughout the encounter. Some prominent examples of this would be the Battle of the Atlantic, Battle of Britain, and Battle of Stalingrad, all in World War II. Wars and military campaigns are guided by military strategy, whereas bat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sieges Involving Portugal
A siege is a military blockade of a city, or fortress, with the intent of conquering by attrition, or a well-prepared assault. This derives from la, sedere, lit=to sit. Siege warfare is a form of constant, low-intensity conflict characterized by one party holding a strong, static, defensive position. Consequently, an opportunity for negotiation between combatants is common, as proximity and fluctuating advantage can encourage diplomacy. The art of conducting and resisting sieges is called siege warfare, siegecraft, or poliorcetics. A siege occurs when an attacker encounters a city or fortress that cannot be easily taken by a quick assault, and which refuses to surrender. Sieges involve surrounding the target to block the provision of supplies and the reinforcement or escape of troops (a tactic known as "investment"). This is typically coupled with attempts to reduce the fortifications by means of siege engines, artillery bombardment, mining (also known as sapping), or the use ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conflicts In 1535
Conflict may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Films * ''Conflict'' (1921 film), an American silent film directed by Stuart Paton * ''Conflict'' (1936 film), an American boxing film starring John Wayne * ''Conflict'' (1937 film), a Swedish drama film directed by Per-Axel Branner * ''Conflict'' (1938 film), a French drama film directed by Léonide Moguy * ''Conflict'' (1945 film), an American suspense film starring Humphrey Bogart * ''Catholics: A Fable'' (1973 film), or ''The Conflict'', a film starring Martin Sheen * ''Judith'' (1966 film) or ''Conflict'', a film starring Sophia Loren * ''Samar'' (1999 film) or ''Conflict'', a 1999 Indian film by Shyam Benegal Games * ''Conflict'' (series), a 2002–2008 series of war games for the PS2, Xbox, and PC * ''Conflict'' (video game), a 1989 Nintendo Entertainment System war game * '' Conflict: Middle East Political Simulator'', a 1990 strategy computer game Literature and periodicals * ''Conflict'' (novel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siege Of Johor (1587)
The siege of Johor of 1587 was a military operation in which Portuguese forces successfully sieged, sacked, and razed Johor (''Jor'', in Portuguese), capital of its eponymous Sultanate. The city would later be rebuilt in a different location. Because of a dearth of personnel then available in Malacca, in 1586 naval forces of Johore had begun diverting shipping to the Strait of Singapore. Malacca itself was threatened by a large Johor fleet, but it was driven back by the presence of heavily armed Portuguese galleons in its harbour. For these reasons, the captain of Malacca João da Silva requested from the Viceroy in Goa, Dom Duarte de Meneses, urgent reinforcements to deal with the threat. These numbered 500 men and 3 galleons, under the command of Dom Paulo de Lima. The forces of Johor were incapable of preventing the heavy Portuguese infantry from landing and storming the city after a naval bombardment, and its Sultan was forced to retreat into the jungle in a rout. The Port ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Ugentana
The Battle of Ugentana, also known as Battle of Ugentana RiverSaturnino Monteiro: ''Batalhas e Combates da Marinha Portuguesa 1139-1975'', 1991, Livraria Sá da Costa Editora, p.239-242. was a military operation that took place in 1535, between Portuguese forces and those of Sultan Alauddin Riayat Shah II of Johor. The Battle In 1511, the second Governor of Portuguese India Afonso de Albuquerque captured the Malay city of Malacca from its sultan, who survived the battle and fled with his Court and most of his forces to Bintan, where he built a new city. After he was defeated in 1526, his son moved to the Malay Peninsula and founded a new sultanate, seated at a city the Portuguese identified as Ugentana, from where he continued hostilities against Portuguese Malacca. After the death of his brother Paulo by men employed by the Sultan of Johor, the captain of Malacca Estevão da Gama (son of Vasco da Gama) set sail to attack the sultan's city on June 1535, with a force consisting ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siege Of Bintan
The siege of Bintan of 1526 was a military operation in which Portuguese forces successfully sieged, assaulted and destroyed the city of Bintan (''Bintão'', in Portuguese), capital of the former Sultan of Malacca Mahmud Shah. Context In 1511, the second Governor of Portuguese India Afonso de Albuquerque captured the Malay city of Malacca. Sultan Mahmud Shah fled with his forces to Bintan, where he usurped its ruler. He built a new city and fleet there, and continuously harassed Portuguese Malacca and its shipping. The captain of Malacca, Dom Pedro Mascarenhas had dispatched a flotilla of oarships to Bintan to blockade it. Promoted by King John III to the position of Governor of India in 1526 but unable to sail to Goa due to the weather, Dom Pedro decided to take advantage of the unusually high number of soldiers then available at Malacca to put an end to the threat posed by Mahmud Shah.Saturnino Monteiro: ''Batalhas e Combates da Marinha Portuguesa 1139-1975'' volum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Portuguese Malacca
Portuguese control of Malacca, a city on the Malay Peninsula, refers to the 130 year period (1511–1641) when it was a possession of the Portuguese East Indies. It was conquered from the Malacca Sultanate as part of Portuguese attempts to gain control of trade in the region. Although multiple attempts to conquer it were repulsed, the city was eventually lost to an alliance of Dutch and regional forces, thus entering a period of Dutch rule. History According to the 16th-century Portuguese historian Emanuel Godinho de Erédia, the site of the old city of Malacca was named after the malacca tree (''Phyllanthus emblica''), fruit-bearing trees along the banks of a river called ''Airlele'' (Ayer Leleh). The Airlele river was said to originate from ''Buquet China'' (present-day Bukit Cina). Eredia cited that the city was founded by ''Permicuri'' (i.e. ''Parameswara'') the first King of Malacca in 1411. The capture of Malacca The news of Malacca's wealth attracted the atte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johor River
The Johor River ( ms, Sungai Johor) is the main river in the Malaysian state of Johor. The river is 122.7 km long with a catchment of 2,636 km2 and flows in a roughly north–south direction, originating from Mount Gemuruh and then empties into the Strait of Johor. Its major tributaries are the Sayong, Linggiu, Tiram and Lebam Rivers. Its banks are also known to be the location of past capitals of Johor, the Johor Lama. The Sungai Johor Bridge, officially opened in June 2011, is the first bridge to span the river and is currently the longest river bridge in Malaysia. Water resources The Johor River basin occupies about 14% of the Johor State of Peninsular Malaysia. The river and tributaries are important sources of water supply not only for the state itself but also for neighbouring Singapore. Syarikat Air Johor, SAJ (or Johor Water Company) and the Public Utilities Board of Singapore (PUB) each draws about 250,000 cubic metres/day of water from the Johor River near Kot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Singapore Strait
The Singapore Strait is a , strait between the Strait of Malacca in the west and the South China Sea in the east. Singapore is on the north of the channel, and the Indonesian Riau Islands are on the south. The two countries share a maritime border along the strait. It includes Keppel Harbour and many small islands. The strait provides the deepwater passage to the Port of Singapore, which makes it very busy. Approximately 2,000 merchant ships traverse the waters on a daily basis in 2017. The depth of the Singapore Strait limits the maximum draft of vessels going through the Straits of Malacca, and the Malaccamax ship class. Historical records The 9th century AD Muslim author Ya'qubi referred a ''Bahr Salahit'' or Sea of Salahit (from the Malay ''selat'' meaning strait), one of the Seven Seas to be traversed to reach China. Some have interpreted Sea of Salahit as referring to Singapore, although others generally considered it the Malacca Strait, a point of contact between th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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