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Battle Of Goychay
The Battle of Goychay ( az, Göyçay döyüşü, Russian: ''Геокчайский бой'', Turkish: ''Göyçay/Gökçay Savaşı'') or Raid on Goychay ( az, Göyçay basqını, Turkish: ''Göyçay/Gökçay Baskını''), was a series of clashes that took place from 27 June to 1 July 1918, between Ottoman– Azerbaijani coalition forces led by Nuri Pasha and a coalition of the Soviet 11th Army and Armenian Dashnak forces. The initial battle ended on 30 June, but minor clashes continued until 1 July. Despite being outnumbered six to one, the Central Powers were able to defeat the Armenian–Soviet forces before they reached Ganja, the headquarters of the Ottoman Islamic Army of the Caucasus. The Ottoman–Azerbaijani forces seized control of the lands from Goychay to Shamakhi. Armenian–Soviet rule in the region ended as a result of the battle. Background The Shaumian-led Baku Commune decided to launch a military operation to prevent the Ottoman Army from recovering in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armenian–Azerbaijani War (1918–1920)
The Armenian-Azerbaijani war (1918–1920); ; russian: Армяно-азербайджанская война, translit=Armi͡ano-azerbaĭdzhanskai͡a voĭna. was a conflict that took place in the South Caucasus in regions with a mixed Armenian- Azerbaijani population, broadly encompassing what are now modern-day Azerbaijan and Armenia. It began during the final months of World War I and ended with the establishment of Soviet rule. The conflict took place against the backdrop of the Russian Civil War and the partition of the Ottoman Empire. Mutual territorial claims, made by the newly formed Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and Republic of Armenia, led to their respective support for Azerbaijani and Armenian militias in the disputed territories. Armenia fought against Azerbaijani militias in the Erivan Governorate of the former Russian Empire, while Azerbaijan fought Armenian claims to the Karabakh region. The war was characterized by outbreaks of massacres and ethnic cleansing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armenian Revolutionary Federation
The Armenian Revolutionary Federation ( hy, Հայ Յեղափոխական Դաշնակցութիւն, ՀՅԴ ( classical spelling), abbr. ARF or ARF-D) also known as Dashnaktsutyun (collectively referred to as Dashnaks for short), is an Armenian nationalist and socialist political party founded in 1890 in Tiflis, Russian Empire (now Tbilisi, Georgia) by Christapor Mikaelian, Stepan Zorian, and Simon Zavarian. Today the party operates in Armenia, Artsakh, Lebanon, Iran and in countries where the Armenian diaspora is present. Although it has long been the most influential political party in the Armenian diaspora, it has a comparatively smaller presence in modern-day Armenia. As of October 2021, the party was represented in three national parliaments with ten seats in the National Assembly of Armenia, three seats in the National Assembly of Artsakh and three seats in the Parliament of Lebanon as part of the March 8 Alliance. The ARF has traditionally advocated socialist democracy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grigory Korganov
Grigory Nikolayevich Korganov (Korganian, Korganashvili) (July 30, 1886 - September 20, 1918) was a Georgian-Armenian Communist activist, one of the 26 Baku Commissars and Bolshevik Party leaders in Azerbaijan during the Russian Revolution. Biography Early years Korganov was born in Tiflis in the Armenian family of a military officer. From 1907 he attended the Moscow University and headed the Caucasian student association, but he was expelled due to his revolutionary work. After finishing the studies in 1914, he served in the Army as an officer during World War I and was sent to Caucasian Front where he conducted revolutionary propaganda. October Revolution, Baku Commune and death of Korganov After the October Revolution he became Chairman of the Revolutionary Army in Caucasus and, from March 1918, member of the Committee of the Revolutionary Defense of Baku. From April 1918 he became Commissar of the Naval Matters of the Baku Commune and from the spring of 1918 he headed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stepan Shaumian
Stepan Georgevich Shaumian (; , ''Step’an Ge'vorgi Shahumyan''; 1 October 1878 – 20 September 1918) was a Bolshevik revolutionary and politician active throughout the Caucasus. Arzumanyan, M. Շահումյան, Ստեփան Գևորգի. "Yerevan, Armenian SSR, vol. viii", ''The Soviet Armenian Encyclopedia'', 1982, pp. 431–34 Shahumyan was an ethnic Armenian and his role as a leader of the Russian revolution in the Caucasus earned him the nickname of the "Caucasian Lenin", a reference to the leader of the Russian Revolution, Vladimir Lenin. The founder and editor of several newspapers and journals, Shaumian is best known as the head of the Baku Commune, a short lived committee appointed by Lenin in March 1918 with the task of leading the revolution in the Caucasus and West Asia. His tenure as leader of the Baku Commune was marred with numerous problems including ethnic violence between Baku's Armenian and Azerbaijani populations, attempting to defend the city against a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Habib Bey Salimov
Habib bey Haji Yusif oglu Salimov ( az, Həbib bəy Səlimov Hacı Yusif oğlu; February 8, 1881 - December 30, 1920) was the first Chief of General Staff of Azerbaijani Armed Forces of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic. Early life Salimov was born and completed school in Erivan (Yerevan) where his father worked as a judge of the Erivan Governorate. On August 12, 1900 he volunteered to serve in the 39th division of the 156th Elisabethpol regiment of the Russian Imperial Army's Caucasus corps. After completing his studies at a military school in Tiflis, Salimov served in the 3rd Caucasus battalion in Julfa and was a part of a reconnaissance mission in Tehran. As a second lieutenant of the 5th Caucasus battalion, he was conferred with the Order of St. Vladimir of 4th degree and on August 9, 1912 he was promoted to Stabskapitän. In the midst of World War I, Salimov was conferred with Order of Saint Stanislaus of the 3rd degree for "excellence in the activities against the enemy" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ali-Agha Shikhlinski
Ali Agha Ismail Agha oghlu Shikhlinski ( az, Əli Ağa İsmayıl Ağa oğlu Şıxlinski;); – )Dates indicated by the letters "O.S." are in the Julian calendar with the start of year adjusted to 1 January. All other dates in this article are in Gregorian calendar (see Adoption of the Gregorian calendar in Eastern Europe). was an Azerbaijani lieutenant-general of the Russian imperial army, Deputy Minister of Defense and General of the Artillery of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and a Soviet military officer. Life and military career Early life Ali Agha Shikhlinski was born on April 23, 1865, in the village of Kazakhly (now Ashaghy Salakhly), in Kazakh uyezd of Elisavethpol Governate. He wrote that his father, Ismayil Agha, was a member of the Shikhlinski Dynasty, a noble family dating back to as early as 1537. Shikhlinski wrote at the "Officer's Notebook" (), a journal he has been working on since 1904, that his mother, Shah Yemen Khanum was the grandchild of Molla Vali V ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Topal Osman
Hacı Topal Osman Ağa (1883 – 2 April 1923) was a Turkish officer, a militia leader of the National Forces, a volunteer regiment commander of the Turkish army during the Turkish War of Independence who eventually rose to the rank of lieutenant colonel, and was a perpetrator of the Armenian and Pontic genocides. He was the commander of Mustafa Kemal's special Bodyguard Regiment. He showed usefulness in the War of Independence, but in 1923, when it was decided that he was the instigator of Trabzon Deputy 's murder, he was detained. He was captured and injured during the clashes, but he was killed by İsmail Hakkı Tekçe. Early life and Balkan Wars He was born in Giresun in 1883 and was of Turkish origin, more particularly the Chepni tribe. His father, Feridûnzâde Hacı Mehmet Efendi, was a hazelnut merchant. In his youth he helped with the family business and became a partner in a sawmill. He married and had two sons. Despite his father paying his military service price, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rüştü Pasha
Rüştü Pasha or Rushdi Pasha ( tr, Rüştü Paşa, 1872 – July 13, 1926) was an officer of the Ottoman Army and a general of the Turkish Army. He became a leader of the Progressive Republican Party, being a member of its Central Administrative Committee. He was hanged for his involvement in the İzmir assassination attempt against Mustafa Kemal (Atatürk) in 1926. Medals and decorations *Order of the Medjidieh 5th and 3rd Class *Gallipoli Star (Ottoman Empire) *Silver Medal of Liyaqat *Silver Medal of Imtiyaz *Gold Medal of Liyaqat *Prussia Order of the Crown (Prussia) * Medal of Independence with Red Ribbon See also *List of high-ranking commanders of the Turkish War of Independence This list includes high-ranking commanders who took part in the Turkish War of Independence: See also * Turkish State Cemetery#Burials * List of recipients of the Medal of Independence with Red-Green Ribbon (Turkey) This list includes rec ... Sources External links {{DEFA ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cemil Cahit Toydemir
Cemil Cahit Toydemir (1883 in Constantinople – July 15, 1956 in Istanbul) was an officer of the Ottoman Army and a general of the Turkish Army of Circassian origin. He served in Caucasus front in WWI, after Armistice of Mudros he joined Turkish National Movement and attended Sivas Congress. Meeting with Adolf Hitler In 1943 Adolf Hitler invited Turkish government to an official visit. Army General Toydemir had been assigned by President İnönü to visit Nazi Germany in an official trip. He had visited Atlantic Wall and Eastern Front. He examined Tiger I tanks with Turkish officers just before Operation Citadel and shared a Cigar with Erich von Manstein. During this trip he noticed Hitler Youth members below the age of eighteen were in uniform. He meet Adolf Hitler, Wilhelm Keitel and Alfred Jodl, and during the meeting Hitler stated that Turks being the first ones to defy postwar treaties inspired their movement and compared the well-preparedness of Atlantic wall to Çat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ali İhsan Sâbis
Ali İhsan Sâbis (1882 – 9 December 1957) was the commander for the Sixth Army of the Ottoman Empire during World War I. After the war he was exiled to Malta by the British occupation forces. After returning to Turkey, he was appointed to the commandship of the First Army of Turkey. But shortly before the battle of Dumlupınar, he retired. World War I In February 1916, he was assigned as the commander of the Ottoman VIII Corps, which had a considerable role in the successful Siege of Kut. In 1918, his army was defeated by the British forces and he surrendered the remains of the 6th Army in October 1918 at the Battle of Sharqat, allowing the British to occupy Mosul in early November which was in violation to the Moudros Armistice signed between the British and Ottoman Empires a few days earlier. Armenian genocide Ali Ihsan is also known for his role in the Armenian genocide. While carrying his duties as commander of the 51st division, the Armenians that belonged to those ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nuri Killigil
Nuri Killigil, also known as Nuri Pasha (1889–1949) was an Ottoman general in the Ottoman Army. He was the half-brother of Ottoman Minister of War, Enver Pasha. Military career Libya Infantry Machine-Gun Captain Nuri Efendi was sent to Libya on a Greek ship with Major Jafar al-Askari Bey and 10,000 gold. His mission was to organize and coordinate operations of Teşkilat-ı Mahsusa forces with local forces against Italian and British forces. They landed on the shore between Tobruk and Sallum on February 21, 1915, and then went to Ahmed Sharif es Senussi in Sallum.Hamit Pehlivanlı"Teşkilat-ı Mahsusa Kuzey Afrika'da (1914–1918)" ''Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi Dergisi'', Sayı 47, Cilt: XVI, Temmuz 2000. In 1917, in an attempt to organize the efforts which was dispersed by the British, the Ottoman General Staff established the “Africa Groups Command” (''Afrika Grupları Komutanlığı''), of which the primary objective was the coastal regions of Libya. Lieutena ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
_26_Baku_commissars.jpg "Click for more on -> Grigory Korganov")
