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Batasuna
Batasuna (; en, Unity) was a Basque nationalist political party. Based mainly in Spain, it was banned in 2003, after a court ruling declared proven that the party was financing ETA with public money. The party is included in the "European Union list of terrorist persons and organizations" as a component of ETA. , 29 May 2006 :*''Euskadi Ta Askatasuna The following organisations are allegedly part of the terrorist group ETA: KAS, Xaki; Ekin, Jarrai- Haika- Segi, Gestoras Pro-amnistía, Askatasuna, Batasuna (also known as Herri Batasuna, also known as Euskal Herritarrok) Right after having been banned, Batasuna still managed to organize or support some rallies, public actions and several workplace strikes. The Spanish ruling was appealed before and, later on, confirmed by the European Court of Human Rights. As an association and not as a political party, Batasuna had a minor presence in the French Basque country, where it remained legal as "Batasuna" until its self-diss ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ETA (separatist Group)
ETA, an acronym for Euskadi Ta Askatasuna ("Basque Homeland and Liberty"ETA BASQUE ORGANIZATION Encyclopaedia Britannica 20 October 2011 or "Basque Country and Freedom"), was an armed Basque nationalism, Basque nationalist and far left separatism, separatist organization in the Basque Country (greater region), Basque Country (in northern Spain and southwestern France). The group was founded in 1959 and later evolved from a group promoting traditional Basque culture to a paramilitary group engaged in a violent campaign of bombing, assassinations, and kidnappings in the Southern Basque Country and throughout Spanish territory. Its goal was gaining independence for the Basque Country. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arnaldo Otegi
Arnaldo Otegi Mondragón (born 6 July 1958) is a Basque politician who is currently General Secretary of Basque nationalist party EH Bildu. He was member of the Basque Parliament for both Herri Batasuna and Euskal Herritarrok. He was one of the key negotiators during the unsuccessful peace talks in Loiola and Geneva, in 2006. A convicted member of separatist organization ETA in his early years, in the 1990s he started his political career and quickly gained prominence within the Basque separatist movement, becoming the leader of Herri Batasuna. During the period, he participated in the attempts at finding a political and negotiated solution for the Basque conflict that laid out the grounds for the Lizarra-Garazi Agreements and ETA's truce in 1998. He headed the party Batasuna, declared illegal in 2003 due to its relationship with ETA, but continued talks with the Socialist Jesus Egiguren to reach a compromise leading to peace. In June 2007 he was convicted of "praising terro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
EHAK
The Communist Party of the Basque Homelands ( eu, Euskal Herrialdeetako Alderdi Komunista, EHAK; es, Partido Comunista de las Tierras Vascas, PCTV) was a communist Basque separatist party in the Basque Country, Spain. The party was outlawed by the Spanish Supreme Court in 2008 after it was judicially proven to be part of Batasuna and, ultimately, ETA. History EHAK was legally registered for the first time in 2002 but had no known activity until 2005, remaining inactive during these years. In this year, within weeks of the regional Basque election EHAK suddenly rose to national prominence when it publicly announced that it would assume the program of the banned abertzale lists of Aukera Guztiak and Batasuna. EHAK was then widely considered to be a proxy to circumvent the recent ruling which had outlawed Batasuna. Like Batasuna, their representatives refused to explicitly condemn the ETA attacks, being the only important political party not to do so in the Basque Country and Sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Herri Batasuna
Herri Batasuna (; en, Popular Unity; HB) was a far-left Basque nationalist coalition in Spain. It was founded in 1978 and defined itself as abertzale, left-wing, socialist, and supported the independence of the Greater Basque Country. It was refounded as Batasuna in 2001 and subsequently outlawed by the Spanish Supreme Court for being considered the political wing of the separatist group Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA). History The party was founded in April 1978 as Herri Batasuna, a coalition of leftist nationalist political groups initially brought together to advocate for "No" in the referendum to be held that year on the Spanish constitution. Its constituent parties had been called together by senior Basque nationalist Telesforo de Monzón in a 1978 meeting called "The table of Alsasua". Herri Batasuna's founding convention was held in Lekeitio, home of Santiago Brouard, who was then the leader of HASI (Herriko Alderdi Sozialista Iraultzailea or Revolutionary Socialist Peop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Askatasuna
Askatasuna (from the Basque word meaning "Freedom") is a Basque political party registered on 31 August 1998, outlawed in 2009 by the Audiencia Nacional under the 2002 Political Parties Law. History In 1998 several notable events occurred around the Basque nationalist left: the ''National Table'' of Herri Batasuna was jailed, the Pact of Estella was signed, ETA declared an indefinite truce and the electoral coalition Euskal Herritarrok presented itself to the Basque elections of the same year. Askatasuna was created that year by a small group of members of the Ezker abertzalea that feared the banning of the other political parties and organizations of the Basque national movement. Three years later, in May 2001, with a different situation since ETA had returned to commit deadly attacks, Askatasuna presented lists to the Basque elections in the three provinces. Askatasuna barely campaigned and won a very meager percentage of votes (0.05%). A month later, in June 2001, Euskal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acción Nacionalista Vasca
Basque Nationalist Action ( eu, Eusko Abertzale Ekintza, es, Acción Nacionalista Vasca, EAE–ANV) is a Basque nationalist party based in Spain. Founded in 1930, it was the first Basque nationalist political party to exist running on a socialist program. On 16 September 2008, the party was outlawed by the Spanish Supreme Court based on ties with ETA. The Spanish ruling was appealed to the European Court of Human Rights, which, after reviewing the question, upheld the Spanish courts on the matter. History It was formed in 1930, upon the reunification of the ultraconservative ''Aberri'' group and the moderate majority '' Comunión Nacionalista Vasca'' in the Basque Nationalist Party, by those who refused to support the traditional clerical ideology of the party. Its support was restricted to urban middle class and, as such, was a minority party. ANV played a minor role during the Republic, when it usually aligned with left and republican parties (being even part of the Popular Fron ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basque National Liberation Movement
The Basque National Liberation Movement ( es, Movimiento de Liberación Nacional Vasco, MLNV; Basque: Euskal Nazio Askapenerako Mugimendua, "ENAM") was an umbrella term that comprised all social, political and armed organizations orbiting around the ideas of the illegal armed organisation Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA), proscribed internationally as a terrorist organisation. , 29 May 2006 There are multiple definitions of the term. In the '80s, '90s and particularly in the early 2000s it was understood in a wider sense, as a synonym for the Basque Patriotic (Abertzale) Left, which pursues the same political goals to ETA, namely Basque independence and a socialist state. A narrower definition comprises ETA and those social and political organizations which are subservient or under the political influence of this organization. The narrower definition would exclude recently founded legal parties such as Amaiur, Bildu and Sortu which have renounced ETA's methods and publicly distance ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basque Nationalism
Basque nationalism ( eu, eusko abertzaletasuna ; es, nacionalismo vasco; french: nationalisme basque) is a form of nationalism that asserts that Basques, an ethnic group indigenous to the western Pyrenees, are a nation and promotes the political unity of the Basques, today scattered between Spain and France. Since its inception in the late 19th century, Basque nationalism has included separatist movements. Basque nationalism, spanning three different regions in two states (the Basque Autonomous Community and Navarre in Spain, and the French Basque Country in France) is "irredentist in nature" as it favours political unification of all the Basque-speaking provinces. History Fueros and Carlism Basque nationalism is rooted in Carlism and the loss, by the laws of 1839 and 1876, of the Ancien Régime relationship between the Spanish Basque provinces and the crown of Spain. During this period, the reactionary and the liberal brand of the pro-''fueros'' movement pleaded for t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euskal Herritarrok
Euskal Herritarrok ( en, Basque Citizens, EH) was a Basque nationalism, Basque independentist and Socialism, socialist political party in the Euskal Herria, Basque Country. EH was banned in 2003 by the Supreme Court of Spain on the grounds that it sympathized with Euskadi Ta Askatasuna, ETA. History In February 2000, Batzarre and Zutik left EH after the rupture of the Euskadi Ta Askatasuna, ETA 1998-2000 truce, due to the absence of any condemnation of that fact by EH. In June 2000 a sector of Herri Batasuna also decided to split and form the Aralar Party, that openly and fully rejected Euskadi Ta Askatasuna, ETA and its rupture of the truce. Election results References Euskal Herritarrok, Banned secessionist parties Banned socialist parties Basque conflict Basque history Defunct socialist parties in the Basque Country (autonomous community) Political parties established in 1998 Politics of Spain Pro-independence parties Secessionist organizations in Europe Banned poli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basque Nationalist
Basque nationalism ( eu, eusko abertzaletasuna ; es, nacionalismo vasco; french: nationalisme basque) is a form of nationalism that asserts that Basques, an ethnic group indigenous to the western Pyrenees, are a nation and promotes the political unity of the Basques, today scattered between Spain and France. Since its inception in the late 19th century, Basque nationalism has included separatist movements. Basque nationalism, spanning three different regions in two states (the Basque Autonomous Community and Navarre in Spain, and the French Basque Country in France) is "irredentist in nature" as it favours political unification of all the Basque-speaking provinces. History Fueros and Carlism Basque nationalism is rooted in Carlism and the loss, by the laws of 1839 and 1876, of the Ancien Régime relationship between the Spanish Basque provinces and the crown of Spain. During this period, the reactionary and the liberal brand of the pro-''fueros'' movement pleaded for the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Segi (organization)
Segi is a Basque pro-independence and revolutionary left-wing organization. It forms part of the Basque National Liberation Movement and is aligned with Langile Abertzaleen Batzordeak and Batasuna. Segi is proscribed as a terrorist organisation (as a member of ETA) by both the Spanish and French authorities as well as the European Union as a whole. , 29 May 2006 In its decision, on 27 February 2007, the Grand Chamber of the European Court of Justice (ECJ) dismissed the appeal of the illegal Basque organisation "Gestoras Pro Amnistia" and Segi members against their dismissal by the European Council with claims for damages suffered as a result of inclusion in the "terrorist list". The UK intervened with Spain – it was the only other EU state to do so, as a symbol of the support of the rest of the European Council. Background In 2002 Segi was classed as a "terrorist" organization by the Spanish National Court magistrate Judge Baltasar Garzón, thus banning it as a component o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abertzale Left
Abertzale left ( eu, Ezker abertzalea, es, Izquierda abertzale; ) is a term used to refer to the parties or organizations of the Basque nationalist/separatist left, stretching from democratic socialism to communism. This leftist character is highlighted in contrast to the traditional '' jeltzale'' nationalism represented by the Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ-PNV), a conservative and Christian-democratic party, which has long been the largest in the Basque Country. The first examples of ''abertzale'' parties are the Basque Nationalist Republican Party (EAAE-PRNV), active from 1909 to 1913, and the Basque Nationalist Action (EAE-ANV), active from 1930 to 2008. They represented the non-confessional Basque nationalist references when ETA was formed in 1959 by younger generations. ''Ezker abertzalea'' (or, in Spanish, ''izquierda abertzale'') is notably used when referring to the leftist-nationalist environment of Batasuna, an outlawed political party. More recently, in 1986, a left ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
