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Bandwidth 2
Bandwidth commonly refers to: * Bandwidth (signal processing) or ''analog bandwidth'', ''frequency bandwidth'', or ''radio bandwidth'', a measure of the width of a frequency range * Bandwidth (computing), the rate of data transfer, bit rate or throughput * Spectral linewidth, the width of an atomic or molecular spectral line Bandwidth may also refer to: Science and technology * Bandwidth (linear algebra), the width of the non-zero terms around the diagonal of a matrix * Kernel density estimation, the width of the convolution kernel used in statistics * Graph bandwidth, in graph theory * Coherence bandwidth, a frequency range over which a channel can be considered "flat" * Power bandwidth, a frequency range for which power output of an amplifier exceeds a given fraction of full rated power Other uses * Bandwidth (company), an American communications provider * ''Bandwidth'' (radio program), a Canadian radio program * Bandwidth, a normative expected range of linguistic behavior ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bandwidth (signal Processing)
Bandwidth is the difference between the upper and lower frequencies in a continuous band of frequencies. It is typically measured in hertz, and depending on context, may specifically refer to ''passband bandwidth'' or ''baseband bandwidth''. Passband bandwidth is the difference between the upper and lower cutoff frequencies of, for example, a band-pass filter, a communication channel, or a signal spectrum. Baseband bandwidth applies to a low-pass filter or baseband signal; the bandwidth is equal to its upper cutoff frequency. Bandwidth in hertz is a central concept in many fields, including electronics, information theory, digital communications, radio communications, signal processing, and spectroscopy and is one of the determinants of the capacity of a given communication channel. A key characteristic of bandwidth is that any band of a given width can carry the same amount of information, regardless of where that band is located in the frequency spectrum. For example, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bandwidth (computing)
In computing, bandwidth is the maximum rate of data transfer across a given path. Bandwidth may be characterized as network bandwidth, data bandwidth, or digital bandwidth. This definition of ''bandwidth'' is in contrast to the field of signal processing, wireless communications, modem data transmission, digital communications, and electronics, in which ''bandwidth'' is used to refer to analog signal bandwidth measured in hertz, meaning the frequency range between lowest and highest attainable frequency while meeting a well-defined impairment level in signal power. The actual bit rate that can be achieved depends not only on the signal bandwidth but also on the noise on the channel. Network capacity The term ''bandwidth'' sometimes defines the net bit rate 'peak bit rate', 'information rate,' or physical layer 'useful bit rate', channel capacity, or the maximum throughput of a logical or physical communication path in a digital communication system. For example, bandwidth test ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spectral Linewidth
A spectral line is a dark or bright line in an otherwise uniform and continuous spectrum, resulting from emission or absorption of light in a narrow frequency range, compared with the nearby frequencies. Spectral lines are often used to identify atoms and molecules. These "fingerprints" can be compared to the previously collected ones of atoms and molecules, and are thus used to identify the atomic and molecular components of stars and planets, which would otherwise be impossible. Types of line spectra Spectral lines are the result of interaction between a quantum system (usually atoms, but sometimes molecules or atomic nuclei) and a single photon. When a photon has about the right amount of energy (which is connected to its frequency) to allow a change in the energy state of the system (in the case of an atom this is usually an electron changing orbitals), the photon is absorbed. Then the energy will be spontaneously re-emitted, either as one photon at the same frequenc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bandwidth (linear Algebra)
Bandwidth commonly refers to: * Bandwidth (signal processing) or ''analog bandwidth'', ''frequency bandwidth'', or ''radio bandwidth'', a measure of the width of a frequency range * Bandwidth (computing), the rate of data transfer, bit rate or throughput * Spectral linewidth, the width of an atomic or molecular spectral line Bandwidth may also refer to: Science and technology * Bandwidth (linear algebra), the width of the non-zero terms around the diagonal of a matrix * Kernel density estimation, the width of the convolution kernel used in statistics * Graph bandwidth, in graph theory * Coherence bandwidth, a frequency range over which a channel can be considered "flat" * Power bandwidth, a frequency range for which power output of an amplifier exceeds a given fraction of full rated power Other uses * Bandwidth (company), an American communications provider * ''Bandwidth'' (radio program), a Canadian radio program * Bandwidth, a normative expected range of linguistic behavio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kernel Density Estimation
In statistics, kernel density estimation (KDE) is the application of kernel smoothing for probability density estimation, i.e., a non-parametric method to estimate the probability density function of a random variable based on ''kernels'' as weights. KDE answers a fundamental data smoothing problem where inferences about the population are made, based on a finite data sample. In some fields such as signal processing and econometrics it is also termed the Parzen–Rosenblatt window method, after Emanuel Parzen and Murray Rosenblatt, who are usually credited with independently creating it in its current form. One of the famous applications of kernel density estimation is in estimating the class-conditional marginal densities of data when using a naive Bayes classifier, which can improve its prediction accuracy. Definition Let (''x''1, ''x''2, ..., ''xn'') be independent and identically distributed samples drawn from some univariate distribution with an unknown density ''ƒ'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Graph Bandwidth
In graph theory, the graph bandwidth problem is to label the vertices of a graph with distinct integers so that the quantity \max\ is minimized ( is the edge set of ). The problem may be visualized as placing the vertices of a graph at distinct integer points along the ''x''-axis so that the length of the longest edge is minimized. Such placement is called linear graph arrangement, linear graph layout or linear graph placement. The weighted graph bandwidth problem is a generalization wherein the edges are assigned weights and the cost function to be minimized is \max\. In terms of matrices, the (unweighted) graph bandwidth is the minimal bandwidth of a symmetric matrix which is an adjacency matrix of the graph. The bandwidth may also be defined as one less than the maximum clique size in a proper interval supergraph of the given graph, chosen to minimize its clique size . Bandwidth formulas for some graphs For several families of graphs, the bandwidth \varphi(G) is given ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Power Bandwidth
The power bandwidth of an amplifier is sometimes taken as the frequency range (or, rarely, the upper frequency limit) for which the rated power output of an amplifier can be maintained (without excessive distortion) to at least ''half'' of the full rated power. (Some specifications may mandate 100% of the rated power; sometimes referring to the full-power bandwidth.) It should not be confused with "half-power" bandwidth, only used in conjunction with filter frequency response curves, where it refers to -3dB points in the frequency response of a band-pass filter. Data sheets for operational amplifiers often use the term (full-)power bandwidth to indicate the highest frequency at which the achievable peak-to-peak output voltage swing is still equal to the DC output voltage range. This is also sometimes described as the slew-rate-limited bandwidth. The full-power bandwidth BW is then related to the slew rate SR in volts per micro second and the voltage Voltage, also known as el ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bandwidth (company)
Bandwidth is a communications platform as a service company. They sell software application programming interfaces (or APIs) for voice and messaging, using their own IP voice network. History Bandwidth was formed in 1999 by David Morken who was later joined by Henry Kaestner as co-founder in 2001, merging Bandwidth International into Bandwidth.com. Bandwidth moved to Centennial Campus of North Carolina State University in Raleigh, North Carolina in 2012. Bandwidth announced in 2020 a plan to move its corporate headquarters to 2021 Edwards Mill Road in Raleigh. The proposed campus is slated to include two five-story buildings, covering 450,000 square feet, and later an additional 350,000 square foot phase. Bandwidth also stated an intent to hire for some 1,000 new positions at the time of the announcement. As of December 31, 2018, Bandwidth maintains a workforce of 700+ employees. On November 10, 2017, the company had an initial public offering on the NASDAQ which raised $80 mill ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bandwidth (radio Program)
''Bandwidth'' was a Canadian radio program, which formerly aired on most CBC Radio One stations in Ontario on Saturday afternoons. The program, produced by CBO-FM in Ottawa, was broadcast in all Ontario markets except Toronto, where CBLA-FM airs its own local production, ''Big City, Small World'', in the same time slot. The program also formerly aired in Nunavut, where it was later replaced by ''The True North Concert Series''. Hosted by Meg Wilcox, the program was an arts and culture magazine which profiles the music scene in the province, including album reviews, interviews with musicians, and live concert performances. Amanda Putz was the program's original host, but took a sabbatical from 2006 to 2009 to work for Radio Television Hong Kong and CBC Radio 3. Later hosts included Alan Neal and Adam Saikaley. The program's cancellation was announced in April 2014, as part of funding cuts to the CBC. Repeats continued to air in the program's old timeslot until the new program '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Language Expectancy Theory
Language expectancy theory (LET) is a theory of persuasion. The theory assumes language is a rules-based system, in which people develop expected norms as to appropriate language usage in given situations.M. Burgoon and Miller. 1985 Furthermore, unexpected linguistic usage can affect the receiver's behavior resulting from attitudes towards a persuasive message. Background Created by Michael Burgoon, a retired professor of medicine from the University of Arizona, and Gerald R. Miller, the inspiration for LET was sparked by Brooks' work on expectations of language in 1970. Burgoon, Jones and Stewart furthered the discussion with the idea of linguistic strategies and message intensity in an essay published in 1975. The essay linked linguistic strategies, or how a message is framed, to effective persuasive outcomes. The original work for the language expectation theory was published in 1978. Titled "An empirical test of a model of resistance to persuasion", it outlined the theory throug ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Buzzwords
A buzzword is a word or phrase, new or already existing, that becomes popular for a period of time. Buzzwords often derive from technical terms yet often have much of the original technical meaning removed through fashionable use, being simply used to impress others. Some "buzzwords" retain their true technical meaning when used in the correct contexts, for example artificial intelligence. Buzzwords often originate in jargon, acronyms, or neologisms.Grammar.About.com - definition of buzzword Examples of overworked business buzzwords include ''synergy'', ''vertical'', ''dynamic'', ''cyber'' and ''strategy''. It has been stated that businesses could not operate without buzzwords, as they are the shorthands or intern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
