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Bamberg Witch Trials
The Bamberg witch trials of 1627–1632, which took place in the self governing Catholic Prince-Bishopric of Bamberg in the Holy Roman Empire in present-day Germany, is one of the biggest mass trials and mass executions ever seen in Europe, and one of the biggest witch trials in history. Over an extended period around 1,000 people were executed after being accused of witchcraft in Bamberg, about 900 of whom were executed in 1626–1632. People of all ages, sexes and classes, all of whom were burned at the stake, sometimes after having been beheaded, sometimes alive. The witch trials took place during the ongoing religious Thirty Years War between Protestants and Catholics, in an area on the religious border between Catholic and Protestant territories, and were conducted by a Catholic Prince Bishop intent on introducing the Counter-Reformation in his territory. The Bamberg witch trials is among the largest Witch trials in the Early Modern period: it was one of the four largest w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bamberger Dom BW 6
Bamberger is a Bavarian and Southern German toponymic surname, and it indicates someone from Bamberg in Bavaria. Notable people with the surname include: * Ana Maria Bamberger (born 1966), Romanian physician and playwright * Ármin Vámbéry (born Bamberger) (1832–1913), Hungarian orientalist * Bernard Jacob Bamberger (1904-1980), American rabbi and Biblical scholar * Cyril Stanley Bamberger (1919–2008), Battle of Britain pilot * Eugen Bamberger (1857–1932), German chemist * Florence E. Bamberger (1882–1965), American pedagogue * Fritz Bamberger (painter) (1814–1873), German painter * Fritz Bamberger (scholar) (1902–1984), German Jewish scholar * Heinrich von Bamberger, Austrian physician * George Bamberger (1923–2004), American baseball player * Jakob Bamberger (1913–1989), German boxer and Porajmos survivor * Lesley Bamberger (born 1965/1966), Dutch billionaire, owner of Kroonenberg Groep * Louis Bamberger (1855-1944), founder of the Institute for Advanced S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georg Haan
Georg Haan (died 24 January 1628) was a prominent victim of the Bamberg witch trials. Georg Haan was a doctor and member of the city council of Bamberg. He was married to Katharina Haan and had two daughters, Katharina and Ursula, and four sons named Adam, Carl, Daniel and Leonhard. Haan was among the most well known secular personalities in Bamberg. He publicly opposed the policy of witch persecution by prince Bishop Johann Georg Fuchs von Dornheim, and in 1627, he sued the Prince Bishop before the Imperial Diet in Speyer. Haan departed for Speyer on 27 December. Shortly after his departure, his wife was arrested for witchcraft after having been pointed out by, among others, Hans Morhaubt, the son of Christina Morhaubt (who herself was burnt alive in August 1627). Katharina Haan was tortured until she confessed and was burnt alive on 16 January 1628. Shortly after, her daughter and namesake was swiftly arrested, tortured, sentenced and burned. When Georg Haan returned to Bamberg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mergentheim
Bad Mergentheim (; Mergentheim until 1926; East Franconian: ''Märchedol'') is a town in the Main-Tauber-Kreis district in the German state of Baden-Württemberg. It has a population of around 23,000. An officially recognized spa town since 1926, Bad Mergentheim is also known as the headquarters of the Teutonic Order from 1526 until 1809. Geography Subdivisions Since administrative reform in the 1970s the following villages have been part of the municipality: Althausen ''(pop. 600)'', Apfelbach ''(350)'', Dainbach ''(370)'', Edelfingen ''(1,400''; birthplace of the American biochemist Julius Adler), Hachtel ''(360)'', Herbsthausen ''(200)'', Löffelstelzen ''(1,000)'', Markelsheim ''(2,000)'', Neunkirchen ''(1,000)'', Rengershausen ''(480)'', Rot ''(260)'', Stuppach ''(680)'', Wachbach ''(1,300)'' History Mergentheim is mentioned in chronicles as early as 1058, as the residence of the family of the counts of Hohenlohe. The brothers Andreas, Heinrich and Friedrich von Hohenlohe jo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wertheim Am Main
Wertheim (East Franconian: ''Wärde'') is a town in southwestern Germany, in the state of Baden-Württemberg with a population of around 23,400. It is located on the confluence of the rivers Tauber and Main. Wertheim is best known for its landmark castle and medieval town centre. Geography Wertheim is the most northerly town in the state of Baden-Württemberg. It is situated at the confluence of the rivers Tauber and Main, on the Main's left bank. It borders on the Odenwald hills and the Spessart range to the north across the river Main. Wertheim is located in the Main-Tauber district. Neighboring communities The following towns and communities border on Wertheim, listed clockwise starting in the east: Holzkirchen, Helmstadt and Neubrunn (all district Würzburg, Bavaria), Werbach and Külsheim (both Main-Tauber district), Neunkirchen ( district Miltenberg, Bavaria), Freudenberg (Main-Tauber district), Stadtprozelten and Faulbach (both Miltenberg district) and Hasloch, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thirty Years' War
The Thirty Years' War was one of the longest and most destructive conflicts in European history The history of Europe is traditionally divided into four time periods: prehistoric Europe (prior to about 800 BC), classical antiquity (800 BC to AD 500), the Middle Ages (AD 500 to AD 1500), and the modern era (since AD 1500). The first early ..., lasting from 1618 to 1648. Fought primarily in Central Europe, an estimated 4.5 to 8 million soldiers and civilians died as a result of battle, famine, and disease, while some areas of what is now modern Germany experienced population declines of over 50%. Related conflicts include the Eighty Years' War, the War of the Mantuan Succession, the Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659), Franco-Spanish War, and the Portuguese Restoration War. Until the 20th century, historians generally viewed it as a continuation of the religious struggle initiated by the 16th-century Reformation within the Holy Roman Empire. The 1555 Peace of Augsburg atte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gustavus Adolphus Of Sweden
Gustavus Adolphus (9 December Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates">N.S_19_December.html" ;"title="Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html" ;"title="/nowiki>Old Style and New Style dates">N.S 19 December">Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html" ;"title="/nowiki>Old Style and New Style dates">N.S 19 December15946 November Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html" ;"title="/nowiki>Old Style and New Style dates">N.S 16 November] 1632), also known in English as Gustav II Adolf or Gustav II Adolph, was King of Sweden from 1611 to 1632, and is credited for the rise of Swedish Empire, Sweden as a great European power ( sv, Stormaktstiden). During his reign, Sweden became one of the primary military forces in Europe during the Thirty Years' War, helping to determine the political and religious balance of power in Europe. He was formally and posthumously given the name Gustavus Adolphus the Great ( sv, Gustav Adolf den store; la, Gustavus Adolphus Magnus) by the Riksdag of the Estates in 1634. He is often ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nuremberg
Nuremberg ( ; german: link=no, Nürnberg ; in the local East Franconian dialect: ''Nämberch'' ) is the second-largest city of the German state of Bavaria after its capital Munich, and its 518,370 (2019) inhabitants make it the 14th-largest city in Germany. On the Pegnitz River (from its confluence with the Rednitz in Fürth onwards: Regnitz, a tributary of the River Main) and the Rhine–Main–Danube Canal, it lies in the Bavarian administrative region of Middle Franconia, and is the largest city and the unofficial capital of Franconia. Nuremberg forms with the neighbouring cities of Fürth, Erlangen and Schwabach a continuous conurbation with a total population of 800,376 (2019), which is the heart of the urban area region with around 1.4 million inhabitants, while the larger Nuremberg Metropolitan Region has approximately 3.6 million inhabitants. The city lies about north of Munich. It is the largest city in the East Franconian dialect area (colloquially: "F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dorothea Flock
Dorothea Flock (or the Flockin) (1608 – 17 May 1630), was a German woman convicted of witchcraft in Bamberg and a victim of the Bamberg witch trials during the reign of Prince-Bishop Johann Georg Fuchs von Dornheim. Biography Dorothea Flock was born in the city of Nuremberg. She was the second wife of Bamberg’s councilor Georg Heinrich Flock. Their house was in Bamberg, Lange Straße 32. Already his first wife Apolonia had been executed for witchcraft in May 1628. Based on an anonymous accusation Dorothea was arrested in December 1629 and imprisoned for alleged adultery. She escaped from custody but shortly afterwards she was caught again. This time she was accused of witchcraft. Georg Heinrich Flock fled to Protestant Nuremberg to the relatives of his wife. The Hofmanns were a respected, wealthy and influential merchant family there. Together with them Georg Heinrich Flock hoped to free his wife Dorothea, who was heavily pregnant. During the following weeks the family trie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zeil Am Main
Zeil am Main is a town in the Haßberge district in Lower Franconia, an area in the federal state of Bavaria, Germany. It is situated on the right bank of the Main, 7 km east of Haßfurt, 24 km northwest of Bamberg, and 25 km east of Schweinfurt. Zeil is a historic Franconian town known for its old churches, romantic houses, medieval walls and towers, the hill church of "Zeiler Käpelle", and the castle ruins of the Schmachtenburg. History Zeil am Main is located in an area of the River Main valley where, since the 11th century, the dioceses of Würzburg and Bamberg overlapped and vied for domain of the region. Zeil's strategic location between the dioceses, situated on the River Main trade route and military road between Nuremberg and Schweinfurt, ensured that Zeil was worthy of possession by regional powers. The earliest evidence of Zeil am Main as a city is in a 1018 AD deed of donation signed by Henry II, King of the Romans. Bishop Lamprecht of Prun grante ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johannes Junius
Johannes Junius (1573 – 6 August 1628) was the mayor (German: ''Bürgermeister'') of Bamberg, and a victim of the Bamberg witch trials, who wrote a letter to his daughter from jail while he awaited execution for witchcraft. Arrest Junius had first entered local politics in 1608 and had held the title of burgomaster in the years 1614, 1617, and 1621, and from the years 1624 to 1628. The Bamberg witch trials, which lasted from 1626 to 1631, were presided over by Prince-Bishop Johann Georg, who was dedicated to spreading the Counter-Reformation. There had been suspicion of Junius being due to his wife having been executed for witchcraft. Another ''bürgermeister'', Georg Neudecker had been accused of witchcraft and, following his imprisonment in April 1628, named Junius as an accomplice, leading to his arrest in June 1628. Junius was also implicated in the confessions of other suspected witches. Court documents describe how Junius at first denied all charges and demanded to confr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Drudenhaus (prison)
The Drudenhaus (also known as ''Malefizhaus'', ''Trudenhaus'', ''Hexenhaus'', and ''Hexengefängnis'') was a famous special prison for people accused during the Bamberg witch trials. The prison was constructed in 1627 on the order of Johann Georg Fuchs von Dornheim, Prince Bishop of Bamberg, and closed in 1632. History The Bamberg Drudenhaus was not unique: smaller ''Drudenhäuser'' of the same kind were built also in Zeil am Main, Hallstadt and Kronach, but it was the biggest and most famous. The prison was constructed during the Bamberg witch trials, which began in 1626, and the Drudenhaus was used through the duration of the witch trials, which lasted until the closure of the prison. The building contained 26 single cells, as well as two larger cells for groups of people. An inscription on the portal read: ''Discite justitiam moniti ET NON TEMNERE Divos'' (from Vergil's ''Aeneid'': "Let it be a reminder of justice from which the gods cannot ignore"). Walls on the inside of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Witches' Sabbath
A Witches' Sabbath is a purported gathering of those believed to practice witchcraft and other rituals. The phrase became popular in the 20th century. Origins In 1668, Johannes Praetorius published his literary work "Blockes-Berges Verrichtung", which has the subtitle "Oder Ausführlicher Geographischer Bericht/ von den hohen trefflich alt- und berühmten Blockes-Berge: ingleichen von der Hexenfahrt/ und Zauber-Sabbathe/ so auff solchen Berge die Unholden aus gantz Teutschland/ Jährlich den 1. Maij in Sanct-Walpurgis Nachte anstellen sollen". As indicated by the subtitle, Praetorius attempted to give a "Detailed Geographical Account of the highly admirable ancient and famous Blockula, also about the witches' journey and magic sabbaths". Emergence in the 20th century Prior to the late 19th century, it is difficult to locate any English use of the term ''sabbath'' to denote a gathering of witches. The phrase is used by Henry Charles Lea in his ''History of the Inquisition of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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