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Balanophora Japonica
''Balanophora japonica'' (Japanese:ツチトリモチ; Chinese:日本蛇菰) is a plant species in the genus ''Balanophora'' found in Japan. Balanophonin is a neo-lignan that can be found in ''B. japonica''. It also contains ellagitannins, lignan glycosides, caffeoyl, coumaroyl, galloyl, hexahydroxydiphenoyl glucoses and the hydrolyzable tannins balanophotannin D Balanophotannin D is a hydrolyzable tannin found in ''Balanophora japonica ''Balanophora japonica'' (Japanese:ツチトリモチ; Chinese:日本蛇菰) is a plant species in the genus ''Balanophora'' found in Japan. Balanophonin is a neo-lig ..., E, F and G that contain an oxidized hexahydroxydiphenoyl (HHDP) group.Cytotoxic hydrolyzable tannins from Balanophora japonica. Zhi-Hong Jiang, Xiao-Yun Wen, Takashi Tanaka, Shao-Yu Wu, Zhongqiu Liu, Hiromi Iwata, Yoko Hirose, Shuguang Wu and Isao Kouno, Journal of Natural Products, 01-04-2008, References External links www.efloras.org japonica Plants describe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tomitaro Makino
image:Makino Tomitaro.jpg, 200px, Tomitaro Makino was a pioneer Japanese botanist noted for his taxonomic work. He has been called "Father of Japanese Botany". He was one of the first Japanese botanists to work extensively on classifying Japanese plants using the system developed by Carl Linnaeus, Linnaeus. His research resulted in documenting 50,000 specimens, many of which are represented in his ''Makino's Illustrated Flora of Japan''. Despite having dropped out of grammar school, he eventually attained a Doctor of Science degree, and his birthday is remembered as ''Botany Day'' in Japan. Early life Tomitaro Makino was born in Sakawa, Kōchi, Sakawa, Kōchi Prefecture, Kōchi to a prestigious sake brewer. His parents died during his early childhood, and he was raised mainly by his grandmother. Though he dropped out of school after two years, he cultivated a strong interest in English, geography, and especially in botany. In 1880, he became a teacher at the Primary education ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Balanophora
''Balanophora'' is a genus of parasitic plants in the family Balanophoraceae found in parts of tropical and temperate Asia, including the Eastern Himalayas, Malesia region, Pacific Islands, Madagascar, and tropical Africa. There are about 20 accepted species, including the newly discovered ''B. coralliformis''. Many species emit an odour which possibly attracts pollinators in the same way that pollinators are attracted to ''Rafflesia''. ''Balanophora'' species are used in folk medicine in many Asian cultures. For example, in Taiwan and China, ''Balanophora'' is known as ''she-gu'' (stone-fungus) and in Thailand as ''hoh-ra-tao-su-nak''. In both cases, the plant is used to treat a variety of ailments and has various ritual purposes. The tubers of ''Balanophora'' are rich in a wax-like substance which is used in Java as a fuel for torches. Taxonomy The genus was first described in 1775 by Johann Reinhold Forster and his son Georg Forster in '' Characteres Generum Plantarum''. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Balanophonin
Balanophonin is a neo-lignan. It is a bioactive compound which can be isolated from ''Dipteryx odorata'' and ''Balanophora japonica ''Balanophora japonica'' (Japanese:ツチトリモチ; Chinese:日本蛇菰) is a plant species in the genus ''Balanophora'' found in Japan. Balanophonin is a neo-lignan that can be found in ''B. japonica''. It also contains ellagitannins, lign ...''.Balanophonin, a new neo-lignan from Balanophora japonica Makino, Haruna Mitsumasa, Koube Tomoko, Ito Kazuo and Murata Hiroyuki, Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 25-04-1982, 30(4), pages 1525-1527abstract References External links * http://www.chemfaces.com/natural/Balanophonin-CFN99295.html * http://www.biocrick.com/Balanophonin-BCN6072.html Lignans {{aromatic-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caffeoyl Glucose
Caffeic acid is an organic compound that is classified as a hydroxycinnamic acid. This yellow solid consists of both phenolic and acrylic functional groups. It is found in all plants because it is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of lignin, one of the principal components of woody plant biomass and its residues. Natural occurrences Caffeic acid can be found in the bark of ''Eucalyptus globulus'' the barley grain ''Hordeum vulgare'' and the herb ''Dipsacus asperoides''. It can also be found in the freshwater fern ''Salvinia molesta'' and in the mushroom '' Phellinus linteus''. Occurrences in food Free caffeic acid can be found in a variety of beverages, including brewed coffee at 0.13 mg per 100 ml and red wine at 2 mg per 100 ml. It is found at relatively high levels in herbs of the mint family, especially thyme, sage and spearmint (at about 20 mg per 100 g), and in spices, such as Ceylon cinnamon and star anise (at about 22 mg per 10 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coumaroyl Glucose
Coumaric acid is a phenolic derivative of cinnamic acid Cinnamic acid is an organic compound with the formula C6H5-CH=CH- COOH. It is a white crystalline compound that is slightly soluble in water, and freely soluble in many organic solvents. Classified as an unsaturated carboxylic acid, it occurs na ... having a hydroxy group as substituent at one of the aromatic positions: * ''o''-Coumaric acid * ''m''-Coumaric acid * ''p''-Coumaric acid {{Chemistry index ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Galloyl Glucose
Glucogallin is chemical compound formed from gallic acid and β-D-glucose. It can be found in oaks species like the North American white oak (''Quercus alba''), European red oak (''Quercus robur'') and Amla fruit (''Phyllanthus emblica''). It is formed by a gallate 1-beta-glucosyltransferase (UDP-glucose: gallate glucosyltransferase), an enzyme performing the esterification of two substrates, UDP-glucose and gallate to yield two products, UDP and glucogallin. This enzyme can be found in oak leaf preparations. This the first step in the biosynthesis of gallotannin A gallotannin is any of a class of molecules belonging to the hydrolysable tannins. Gallotannins are polymers formed when gallic acid, a polyphenol monomer, esterifies and binds with the hydroxyl group of a polyol carbohydrate such as glucose. Meta ...s. The molecule is then used by enzymes in the gallotannins synthetics pathway like beta-glucogallin O-galloyltransferase or beta-glucogallin-tetrakisgalloylglucose O- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hexahydroxydiphenoyl Glucose
Hexahydroxydiphenic acid is an organic compound with the formula HO)3C6HCO2Hsub>2. It is the oxidatively coupled derivative of gallic acid It is a white solid, although samples are typically brown owing to oxidation. left, 142px, Ellagic acid. Hexahydroxydiphenic acid is a component of some ellagitannins, such as casuarictin. Luteic acid is the monolactone and ellagic acid is the dilactone Lactones are cyclic carboxylic esters, containing a 1-oxacycloalkan-2-one structure (), or analogues having unsaturation or heteroatoms replacing one or more carbon atoms of the ring. Lactones are formed by intramolecular esterification of the co ... of hexahydroxydiphenic acid. See also * Diphenic acid References Ellagitannins Pyrogallols Biphenyls Hydroxybenzoic acids {{phenol-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Balanophotannin D
Balanophotannin D is a hydrolyzable tannin found in ''Balanophora japonica ''Balanophora japonica'' (Japanese:ツチトリモチ; Chinese:日本蛇菰) is a plant species in the genus ''Balanophora'' found in Japan. Balanophonin is a neo-lignan that can be found in ''B. japonica''. It also contains ellagitannins, lign ...''. It contains an oxidized hexahydroxydiphenoyl (HHDP) group. References Hydrolysable tannins {{aromatic-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plants Described In 1902
Plants are predominantly photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae. Historically, the plant kingdom encompassed all living things that were not animals, and included algae and fungi; however, all current definitions of Plantae exclude the fungi and some algae, as well as the prokaryotes (the archaea and bacteria). By one definition, plants form the clade Viridiplantae (Latin name for "green plants") which is sister of the Glaucophyta, and consists of the green algae and Embryophyta (land plants). The latter includes the flowering plants, conifers and other gymnosperms, ferns and their allies, hornworts, liverworts, and mosses. Most plants are multicellular organisms. Green plants obtain most of their energy from sunlight via photosynthesis by primary chloroplasts that are derived from endosymbiosis with cyanobacteria. Their chloroplasts contain chlorophylls a and b, which gives them their green color. Some plants are parasitic or mycotrophic and have lost the ability ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
