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Baenid
Baenidae is an extinct family of paracryptodiran turtles known from the Early Cretaceous to Eocene of North America. While during the Early Cretaceous they are found across North America, during the Late Cretaceous they are only found in Laramidia, having disappeared from Appalachia. The majority of lineages survived the K-Pg Extinction, but the family was extinct by the latest Eocene. The name of the type genus, ''Baena,'' appears to be of Native American origin. They are primarily found in freshwater deposits, and are considered to be aquatic, with a largely generalist habit. Genera * †'' Arundelemys'' * †''Arvinachelys'' * †''Baena'' * †''Cedrobaena'' * †''Chisternon'' * †'' Edowa'' * †''Gamerabaena'' * †'' Hayemys'' * †'' Lakotemys'' Lakota Formation, Berriasian-Valanginian * †''Neurankylus'' * †''Palatobaena'' * †''Peckemys'' * †''Plesiobaena ''Plesiobaena'' is an extinct genus of turtle which existed in the Belly River Formation, Canada during t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arvinachelys
''Arvinachelys goldeni'' is an extinct baenid turtle from the Late Cretaceous of Utah. ''A. goldeni'' is notable among turtles for the presence of two nasal openings instead of one, giving it a vaguely pig-nosed appearance in life. Description The holotype, UMNH VP 21151, is a largely completed skeleton, including the shell and skull, belonging to an animal about 60 centimeters long. Remains previously ascribed to other baenid turtles are now recognised to belong to the animal. Phylogenetics ''Arvinachelys'' bears most of the synapomorphies characteristic of Baenidae. It is described as a sister taxon to '' Hayemys''; given the latter's position as a lazarus taxon basal to the rest of Baenidae, ''Arvinachelys''' discovery extends its branch of the family tree back into the Campanian. However, ''Arvinachelys''' discovery may indicate that a reevaluation of Baenidae as a whole is necessary, as several remains from the region have been reassigned to this genus. Biology ''Arvina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paracryptodira
__NOTOC__ Paracryptodira is an extinct group of reptiles in the clade Testudinata (which contains modern turtles and their extinct relatives), known from the Jurassic to Paleogene of North America and Europe. Initially treated as a suborder sister to Cryptodira,Gaffney (1975) they were then thought to be a very primitive lineage inside the Cryptodira according to the most common use of the latter taxon.Joyce (2007) They are now often regarded as late-diverging stem-turtles, lying outside the clade formed by Cryptodira and Pleurodira. The paracryptodires are said to have phylogenic relationships, noted as primary subclades, within the Baenidae and Pleurosternidae. Within each subclade, lies many biodiverse turtles that are continuously being investigated and added to the fossil record. Paracryptodires are divided into three main groups, Compsemydidae, known from the Late Jurassic to Paleocene of North America and Europe, Pleurosternidae, known from the Late Jurassic to Early Cretac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lakota Formation
The Lakota Formation is a sequence of rocks of early Cretaceous (Berriasian to Barremian) age from Western North America. Located in South Dakota, the name of the formation is derived from the Lakota Native American tribe. There are two units of the Lakota Formation, the Chilson Member (upper Berriasian to Valanginian) and the underlying Fuson Member (upper Valanginian to early Barremian). A Berriasian-Valanginian In the geologic timescale, the Valanginian is an age or stage of the Early or Lower Cretaceous. It spans between 139.8 ± 3.0 Ma and 132.9 ± 2.0 Ma (million years ago). The Valanginian Stage succeeds the Berriasian Stage of the Lower Cretaceou ... age for the Chilson Member has been extrapolated by means of ostracods and charophytes. Vertebrate paleofauna Dinosaurs Mammals Turtles References Geologic formations of South Dakota Cretaceous geology of South Dakota Cretaceous Manitoba Cretaceous geology of Nebraska Berriasian Stage Valanginian Sta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gamerabaena
''Gamerabaena'' is an extinct genus of baenid turtle which existed in North Dakota during the late Cretaceous Period. It is known from a single fragmentary skull that was found in the Maastrichtian-age Hell Creek Formation. It contains the species ''Gamerabaena sonsalla''. ''Gamerabaena'' is similar to the genus '' Palatobaena'', but it differs in its lack of a posterior expansion of the triturating (or chewing) surface, a somewhat rectangular skull, and a wide angle between the maxillae. ''Gamerabaena'' also has a lingual ridge on the inner side of the jaw that is not seen in ''Palatobaena''. ''Gamerabaena'' is considered the sister taxon of ''Palatobaena'' and shares features with both ''Palatobaena'' and '' Plesiobaena''. These features, which include slightly upturned eye sockets, are seen as intermediate between the two other genera. While ''Gamerabaena'' is known only from the skull, it may belong to the same species as ''"Baena" hayi'', which is known primarily from the sh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chisternon
''Chisternon'' is a genus of baenid turtles from the Eocene of North America. References *''The Osteology of the Reptiles'' by Alfred Sherwood Romer External links''Chisternon''in the Paleobiology Database The Paleobiology Database is an online resource for information on the distribution and classification of fossil animals, plants, and microorganisms. History The Paleobiology Database (PBDB) originated in the NCEAS-funded Phanerozoic Marine Pale ... Baenidae Prehistoric turtle genera Eocene turtles Eocene reptiles of North America Fossil taxa described in 1872 Taxa named by Joseph Leidy {{paleo-turtle-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peckemys
''Peckemys'' is an extinct genus of baenid turtle which existed in the Hell Creek Formation, United States during the late Cretaceous period (Maastrichtian The Maastrichtian () is, in the ICS geologic timescale, the latest age (uppermost stage) of the Late Cretaceous Epoch or Upper Cretaceous Series, the Cretaceous Period or System, and of the Mesozoic Era or Erathem. It spanned the interval from ... age). It was first named by Tyler R. Lyson and Walter G. Joyce in 2009 and the type species is ''Peckemys brinkman''. References Baenidae Prehistoric turtle genera Late Cretaceous turtles of North America Hell Creek fauna Fossil taxa described in 2009 {{paleo-turtle-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palatobaena
''Palatobaena'' is an extinct genus of baenid turtle. It was first named by Gaffney in 1972 and the type species is ''Palatobaena bairdi''. It based on a fragmentary skull from the Fort Union Formation of the Bighorn Basin of Wyoming. The two other species are ''P. gaffneyi'' (a complete skull from Eocene (Wasatchian North American Land Mammal Age)) and ''P. cohen'' which existed in Hell Creek Formation, North Dakota during the late Cretaceous period (Maastrichtian The Maastrichtian () is, in the ICS geologic timescale, the latest age (uppermost stage) of the Late Cretaceous Epoch or Upper Cretaceous Series, the Cretaceous Period or System, and of the Mesozoic Era or Erathem. It spanned the interval from ... age). References Baenidae Prehistoric turtle genera Late Cretaceous turtles Paleocene turtles Eocene turtles Prehistoric turtles of North America Hell Creek fauna Fossil taxa described in 1972 Taxa named by Eugene S. Gaffney {{paleo-turtle-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neurankylus
''Neurankylus'' is an extinct genus of turtles in the family Baenidae that lived between 112 and 61 million years ago in Canada and the United States. It was originally placed within the monotypic family Neurankylidae, but it has since been placed in the Neurankylinae, alongside '' Trinitichelys''. The type species, ''Neurankylus eximius'', was described by Lawrence Lambe in 1902. The species ''N. lithographicus'' was discovered in the Milk River Formation (Canada), alongside the holotype of the pachycephalosaurid dinosaur Dinosaurs are a diverse group of reptiles of the clade Dinosauria. They first appeared during the Triassic period, between 243 and 233.23 million years ago (mya), although the exact origin and timing of the evolution of dinosaurs is t ... '' Acrotholus audeti''. References {{Taxonbar, from1=Q73170070 Baenidae Cretaceous turtles Paleocene turtles Cretaceous reptiles of North America Paleocene reptiles of North America Hell Creek fauna ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Appalachia (Mesozoic)
During most of the Late Cretaceous (100.5 to 66 million years ago) the eastern half of North America formed Appalachia (named for the Appalachian Mountains), an island land mass separated from Laramidia to the west by the Western Interior Seaway. This seaway had split North America into two massive landmasses due to a multitude of factors such as tectonism and sea-level fluctuations for nearly 40 million years. The seaway eventually expanded, divided across the Dakotas, and by the end of the Cretaceous, it retreated towards the Gulf of Mexico and the Hudson Bay. This left the island masses joined in the continent of North America as the Rocky Mountains rose. From the Cenomanian to the end of the Campanian ages of the Late Cretaceous, Appalachia was separated from the rest of North America. As the Western Interior Seaway retreated in the Maastrichtian, Laramidia and Appalachia eventually connected. Because of this, its fauna was isolated, and developed very differently from the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baena Arenosa
''Baena'' is an extinct genus of baenid turtles. Fossils of ''Baena'' have been found in locations including Kirtland Formation, Campanian New Mexico (''B.'' sp.) (Cretaceous) and Ravenscrag Formation, Maastrichtian Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over , making it the world's second-largest country by tot ... (''B.'' sp.) (Cretaceous). References Baenidae Prehistoric turtle genera {{Paleo-turtle-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baena (genus)
''Baena'' is an extinct genus of baenid turtles. Fossils of ''Baena'' have been found in locations including Kirtland Formation, Campanian New Mexico (''B.'' sp.) (Cretaceous) and Ravenscrag Formation, Maastrichtian Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over , making it the world's second-largest country by tot ... (''B.'' sp.) (Cretaceous). References Baenidae Prehistoric turtle genera {{Paleo-turtle-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Extinct
Extinction is the termination of a kind of organism or of a group of kinds (taxon), usually a species. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of the species, although the capacity to breed and recover may have been lost before this point. Because a species' potential range may be very large, determining this moment is difficult, and is usually done retrospectively. This difficulty leads to phenomena such as Lazarus taxa, where a species presumed extinct abruptly "reappears" (typically in the fossil record) after a period of apparent absence. More than 99% of all species that ever lived on Earth, amounting to over five billion species, are estimated to have died out. It is estimated that there are currently around 8.7 million species of eukaryote globally, and possibly many times more if microorganisms, like bacteria, are included. Notable extinct animal species include non-avian dinosaurs, saber-toothed cats, dodos, m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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