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BSSR
The Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (BSSR, or Byelorussian SSR; be, Беларуская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка, Bielaruskaja Savieckaja Sacyjalistyčnaja Respublika; russian: Белорусская Советская Социалистическая Республика, Byelorusskaya Sovyetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika or russian: links=no, Белорусская ССР, Belorusskaya SSR), also commonly referred to in English as Byelorussia, was a Republics of the Soviet Union, republic of the Soviet Union (USSR). It existed between 1920 and 1922, and from 1922 to 1991 as one of Republics of the Soviet Union, fifteen constituent republics of the USSR, with its own legislation from 1990 to 1991. The republic was ruled by the Communist Party of Byelorussia and was also referred to as Soviet Byelorussia or Soviet Belarus by a number of historians. Other names for Byelorussia included White Russian Soviet Socialist Rep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belarusian Language
Belarusian ( be, беларуская мова, biełaruskaja mova, link=no, ) is an East Slavic language. It is the native language of many Belarusians and one of the two official state languages in Belarus. Additionally, it is spoken in some parts of Russia, Lithuania, Latvia, Poland, and Ukraine by Belarusian minorities in those countries. Before Belarus gained independence in 1991, the language was only known in English as ''Byelorussian'' or ''Belorussian'', the compound term retaining the English-language name for the Russian language in its second part, or alternatively as ''White Russian''. Following independence, it became known as ''Belarusan'' and since 1995 as ''Belarusian'' in English. As one of the East Slavic languages, Belarusian shares many grammatical and lexical features with other members of the group. To some extent, Russian, Rusyn, Ukrainian, and Belarusian retain a degree of mutual intelligibility. Its predecessor stage is known in Western academia as R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flag Of The Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic
The Flag of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic was adopted on 25 December 1951. Prior to this, the flag was red with the Cyrillic characters ''БССР'' (''BSSR'') in gold in the top-left corner, surrounded by a gold border. Between 1937 and the adoption of the above flag in the 1940s, the flag was the same, but with a gold hammer and sickle above the Cyrillic characters and no border. Between 1919 and 1937, the flag was red, with the Cyrillic characters ''ССРБ'' (''SSRB'') in the top left-hand corner. In early 1919, a plain red flag was used. The final BSSR flag was used until the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. A flag based on this design is used as the national flag of Belarus. Design on the 1951 flag In the end of the 1940s, the political need had arisen to have somewhat visually different designs of the flags of the USSR republics, especially for those that were UN members. For the BSSR flag, the image of the Belarusian folk design was chosen as a distinct ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Socialist Soviet Republic Of Byelorussia
The Socialist Soviet Republic of Byelorussia or Soviet Socialist Republic of Belarus (SSRB; be, Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка Беларусь, Savieckaja Sacyjalistyčnaja Respublika Biełaruś; russian: Социалистическая Советская Республика Белоруссия / ССРБ, Socialističeskaya Sovetskaya Respublika Belorussiya / SSRB) was an early republic in the historical territory of Belarus after the collapse of the Russian Empire as a result of the October Revolution. First establishment Bolsheviks first established the Republic on 1 January 1919 in Smolensk when the Red Army entered Belarusian lands following the retreating German army, which had been occupying the territory as a consequence of World War I. The SSRB replaced the Belarusian People's Republic, and consisted of the governorates of Smolensk, Vitebsk, Mogilev, Minsk, Grodno, and Vilna. It was considered by Bolsheviks to be a buffer repub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treaty On The Creation Of The USSR
hy, ԽՍՀՄ ձեւավորման մասին պայմանագիր az, SSRİ-nin formalaşması haqqında müqavilə ka, ხელშეკრულება სსრკ-ს ფორმირების შესახებ , image = Cover of the 1922 Declaration and Treaty on the Formation of the USSR.jpg , image_width = 234px , caption = , type = Union treaty , date_drafted = , date_signed = 29 December 1922 , location_signed = Moscow, Soviet Russia , date_sealed = , date_effective = 30 December 1922 , condition_effective = , date_expiration = 8 December 199121 December 199126 December 1991 , signatories = * Mikhail Frunze * Mikhail Kalinin * Grigory Petrovsky * Aleksandr Chervyakov * Mikhail Tskhakaya , parties = * * * * , depositor = , languages = Russian , website = , wikisource = The Declaration a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emblem Of The Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic
The Byelorussian SSR emblem was used as the coat of arms of the Soviet Socialist Republic until the fall of the Soviet Union. The coat of arms is based on the coat of arms of the Soviet Union. Description The central feature of the emblem is the crossed hammer and sickle, the universal Communist symbol signifying the unity of the worker and the peasant. Below the hammer and sickle is a globe, which is superimposed atop a rising sun. Wheat ears surround the central device, with flowers on each ear; clover on the left and flax on the right. A red ribbon is wrapped around the wheat ears, signifying the red flag used by the Communist movement. At the base of the emblem, the letters () appear, shorthand for the full name of the republic, Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic ( ''''), shown only once, since it reads the same in both Russian and Belarusian. On each side of the ribbon, the USSR State motto (''Workers of the world, unite!'') appear in Belarusian on the left ( '''') an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stanislav Shushkevich
Stanislav Stanislavovich Shushkevich ( be, Станісла́ў Станісла́вавіч Шушке́віч, translit=Stanisłáŭ Stanisłávavič Šuškiévič,; russian: Станисла́в Станисла́вович Шушке́вич; 15 December 1934 – 3 May 2022) was a Belarusian politician and scientist. From 25 August 1991 to 26 January 1994, he was the first head of state of independent Belarus after it seceded from the Soviet Union, serving as Chairman of the Supreme Soviet (also called chairman of Parliament or president). He supported social democratic reforms and played a key role in the creation of the Commonwealth of Independent States. As a scientist, he was a corresponding member of the Belarusian Academy of Sciences, Doctor in Physics and Mathematics, recipient of various state awards, professor and the author and originator of textbooks and over 150 articles and 50 inventions. Biography Shushkevich was born on 15 December 1934, in Minsk. His parents ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vilhelm Knorin
Vilgelm Georgiyevich Knorin (russian: Вильге́льм Гео́ргиевич Кно́рин, Latvian: ''Vilhelms "Vilis" Knoriņš''; (29 August 1890 – 29 July 1939) was a Latvian Bolshevik revolutionary, Soviet politician, publicist and historian. Knorin was born in to a Latvian peasant family and was a member of the Bolshevik Party from 1910. He served as the second First secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Byelorussian SSR from 1920 to 1922 and from 1927 to 1928. Being a Moscow-appointed de facto head of state of Belarus, Knorin is known for his notorious quote about the Belarusian independence: "We believe that Byelorussians are not a nation, and the ethnographic specifics, which differentiate them from Russians, must be erased. We, communists, in the region that you call Byelorussia, work without thinking of what tribe we are." From 1926 to 1927 he was head of the propaganda department of the Central Committee of the All-Union Commun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Socialist State
A socialist state, socialist republic, or socialist country, sometimes referred to as a workers' state or workers' republic, is a Sovereign state, sovereign State (polity), state constitutionally dedicated to the establishment of socialism. The term ''communist state'' is often used synonymously in the Western Bloc, West specifically when referring to one-party socialist states governed by Marxist–Leninist communist parties, despite these countries being officially socialist states in the process of building Socialist mode of production, socialism and progressing toward a communist society. These countries never describe themselves as ''communist'' nor as having implemented a communist society. Additionally, a number of countries that are multi-party capitalist states make Socialism in liberal democratic constitutions, references to socialism in their constitutions, in most cases alluding to the building of a socialist society, naming socialism, claiming to be a socialist state ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parliamentary Republic
A parliamentary republic is a republic that operates under a parliamentary system of government where the executive branch (the government) derives its legitimacy from and is accountable to the legislature (the parliament). There are a number of variations of parliamentary republics. Most have a clear differentiation between the head of government and the head of state, with the head of government holding real power, much like constitutional monarchies (however in some countries the head of state, regardless of whether the country's system is a parliamentary republic or a constitutional monarchy, has 'reserve powers' given to use at their discretion in order to act as a non-partisan 'referee' of the political process and ensure the nation's constitution is upheld). Some have combined the roles of head of state and head of government, much like presidential systems, but with a dependency upon parliamentary power. For the first case mentioned above, the form of executive-branch a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of National Leaders Of Belarus
This is a comprehensive chronological list of national leaders of Belarus since its first independence, in 1918, including its presidents both before and after the Soviet era, and the Soviet leaders themselves, who, unlike the Presidents, were not formal Heads of State. Belarusian Democratic Republic (1918–20) BNR in exile (since 1920) Presidents-in-exile ''In Vilnius to 1925, then in Prague, presently in Canada:'' *Pyotra Krecheuski (November 1920 – 8 March 1928) * Vasil Zakharka (8 March 1928 – 6 March 1943) * Mikola Abramchyk (6 March 1943 – 29 May 1970) * Vintsent Zhuk-Hryshkyevich (May 1970 – November 1982) * Jazep Sazhych (November 1982 – 1997) *Barys Rahula (1997, acting) *Ivonka Survilla (1997–present) Lithuanian–Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (1919–20) Chairman of the Central Executive Committee Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (1920–91) Chairman of the Supreme Council Republic of Belarus (1991–present) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yefrem Sokolov
Yefrem Yevseyevich Sokolov (russian: Ефре́м Евсе́евич Соколо́в; be, Яфрэ́м Яўсе́евіч Сакало́ў, 25 April 1926 – 5 April 2022) was a Belarusian politician, who served as a first secretary of the Communist Party of Byelorussia, Communist Party of Byelorussian SSR from February 1987 to November 1990. Sokolov was a member of the 28th Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, 28th Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Politburo, elected on 14 July 1990 by the 1st Plenary Session of the 28th Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, 28th Central Committee. Biography He was born into a Belarusian peasant family. From 1944 to the end of the decade he served in the Soviet Army, then worked as a driver on a farm of the Belarusian State Agricultural Academy, where he graduated from in 1956. It was here where he joined the CPSU and in 1961, he graduated from the Higher Party School in Moscow. In 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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