|
BMW M56
The BMW M56 is a 2.5 liter 184 PS (135 kW; 181 bhp) straight-six engine. It is a re-engineered version of the BMW M54B25 engine, manufactured in order to meet SULEV regulations in 4 US states. Background The updated 2.5 liter engine designated M56B25, was produced between 2002 and 2006. It was the first BMW Super Ultra Low Emission Vehicles (SULEV). The M56B25 power output and vehicle performance was the same as the comparable model equipped with the M54B25 engine (US only). M56 SULEV models listed above were sold in California, New York and Massachusetts as 2003 models and in Vermont starting in 2004 model year. In addition, these vehicles were certified as partial zero-emissions vehicles (PZEV): The vehicles meet the SULEV tailpipe emission standard, which is approximately 1/5 of the ULEV standard. The vehicles conform to the Zero Evaporative Emissions requirements. Models From 2003 to 2006 - 325iA (E46) sedan, coupe and sport wagon with automatic or a manual ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Straight-six Engine
The straight-six engine (also referred to as an inline-six engine; abbreviated I6 or L6) is a piston engine with six cylinders arranged in a straight line along the crankshaft. A straight-six engine has perfect primary and secondary engine balance, resulting in fewer vibrations than other designs of six or less cylinders. Until the mid-20th century, the straight-six layout was the most common design for engines with six cylinders. However, V6 engines became more common from the 1960s and by the 2000s most straight-six engines had been replaced by V6 engines. An exception to this trend is BMW which has produced automotive straight-six engines from 1933 to the present day. Characteristics In terms of packaging, straight-six engines are almost always narrower than a V6 engine or V8 engine, but longer than straight-four engines, V6s, and most V8s. Straight-six engines are typically produced in displacements ranging from , however engines ranging in size from the Benelli 750 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
BMW M54
The BMW M54 is a naturally aspirated straight-6 petrol engine produced from 2000 to 2006. It was released in the E53 X5 and is the replacement for the M52 engine. The S54 is the equivalent high performance engine, used in the E46 M3, the Z3 M Coupé/Roadster and the E85/E86 Z4 M. The BMW M56 SULEV engine (sold in several states of the United States) is based on the M54. The M54 was phased out following the introduction of the BMW N52 engine in 2004. From 2001 to 2003, the M54 was included on the Ward's 10 Best Engines list. Design Compared with the final versions of its M52 predecessor (called the 'M52TU'), the M54 has a non-return fuel system, a fully electronic throttle (without mechanical backup), Siemens MS 43 engine management, a revised intake manifold. The displacement of the largest variant increased from 2.8 L to , due to an increase in stroke to . As per the M52TU, the M54 uses an aluminium block and aluminium cylinder head with cast iron cylinder liners. Varia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SULEV
Super ultra-low emissions vehicle (SULEV) is a U.S. classification for passenger vehicle emissions. The classification is based on producing 90% fewer emissions than the average gasoline-powered vehicle. The SULEV standard is stricter than the standard for LEV (low emission vehicle) and ULEV (ultra-low-emission vehicle), however not as strict as PZEV (partial zero-emissions vehicle) which meets the SULEV standard for tailpipe emissions, but has zero instead of reduced evaporative emissions. Japan also offers an SU-LEV classification, for vehicles that show a 75 percent reduction in emissions vis-à-vis the 2005 emissions standards. Examples Examples of vehicles delivering SULEV emissions performance include: *Honda Accord 2000-? *Honda Insight (CVT transmission models only) *Honda Civic Hybrid CVT transmission models only, AT-PZEV available in certain states * Honda Civic GX Natural Gas * Honda CR-Z (AT-PZEV) *Toyota Prius *Ford Focus SULEV * BMW SULEV 128i, 328i, 325i, 325Ci, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Super Ultra-low Emission Vehicle
Super ultra-low emissions vehicle (SULEV) is a U.S. classification for passenger vehicle emissions. The classification is based on producing 90% fewer emissions than the average gasoline-powered vehicle. The SULEV standard is stricter than the standard for LEV (low emission vehicle) and ULEV (ultra-low-emission vehicle), however not as strict as PZEV (partial zero-emissions vehicle) which meets the SULEV standard for tailpipe emissions, but has zero instead of reduced evaporative emissions. Japan also offers an SU-LEV classification, for vehicles that show a 75 percent reduction in emissions vis-à-vis the 2005 emissions standards. Examples Examples of vehicles delivering SULEV emissions performance include: *Honda Accord 2000-? *Honda Insight (CVT transmission models only) *Honda Civic Hybrid CVT transmission models only, AT-PZEV available in certain states * Honda Civic GX Natural Gas * Honda CR-Z (AT-PZEV) *Toyota Prius *Ford Focus SULEV * BMW SULEV 128i, 328i, 325i, 325Ci, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Partial Zero-emissions Vehicle
A partial zero-emission vehicle, in the United States, is an automobile that has zero evaporative emissions from its fuel system, has a 15-year (or at least 150,000-mile) warranty on its emission-control components, and meets SULEV tailpipe-emission standards. Definition and history In California, PZEVs have their own administrative category for low-emission vehicles. The category was made in a bargain between automakers and the California Air Resources Board (CARB), so that automobile makers could delay making mandated zero-emission vehicles (ZEVs)—battery electric and fuel-cell electric vehicles. The super-ultra-low-emission vehicle (SULEV) standard is more stringent than the ultra-low-emission vehicle (ULEV) and low-emission vehicle standards. All emissions-related components, including the electric-propulsion parts of hybrid electric vehicles, must be warranted for 15 years or 150,000 miles. Advanced Technology PZEVs (AT-PZEVs) are at least as "clean" as regular PZEVs. C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ULEV
An ultra-low-emission vehicle (ULEV) is a motor vehicle that emits extremely low levels of motor vehicle emissions compared to other vehicles. In some jurisdictions it is defined in law; low and ultra low emission vehicles may be given tax or other advantages, while high emission vehicles may suffer restrictions or additional taxation. Ultra Low Emission tax classification (Japanese) In California California defines a ULEV as a vehicle that has been verified by the California Air Resources Board (CARB), United States to emit 50% less polluting emissions than the average for new cars released in that model year. Under LEV II regulations, the Tier I and TLEV classifications were removed for 2004. The ULEV is one of a number of designations given by the CARB to signify the level of emissions that car-buyers can expect their new vehicle to produce and forms part of a whole range of designations, listed here in order of decreasing emissions: ;TLEV (transitional low-emission vehicle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crankcase
In a piston engine, the crankcase is the housing that surrounds the crankshaft. In most modern engines, the crankcase is integrated into the engine block. Two-stroke engines typically use a crankcase-compression design, resulting in the fuel/air mixture passing through the crankcase before entering the cylinder(s). This design of the engine does not include an oil sump in the crankcase. Four-stroke engines typically have an oil sump at the bottom of the crankcase and the majority of the engine's oil is held within the crankcase. The fuel/air mixture does not pass through the crankcase in a four-stroke engine, however a small amount of exhaust gasses often enter as "blow-by" from the combustion chamber. The crankcase often forms the lower half of the main bearing journals (with the bearing caps forming the other half), although in some engines the crankcase completely surrounds the main bearing journals. An ''open-crank'' engine has no crankcase. This design was used in early ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catalytic Converter
A catalytic converter is an exhaust emission control device that converts toxic gases and pollutants in exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine into less-toxic pollutants by catalyzing a redox reaction. Catalytic converters are usually used with internal combustion engines fueled by gasoline or diesel, including lean-burn engines, and sometimes on kerosene heaters and stoves. The first widespread introduction of catalytic converters was in the United States automobile market. To comply with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's stricter regulation of exhaust emissions, most gasoline-powered vehicles starting with the 1975 model year are equipped with catalytic converters. These "two-way" converters combine oxygen with carbon monoxide (CO) and unburned hydrocarbons (HC) to produce carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O). Although two-way converters on gasoline engines were rendered obsolete in 1981 by "three-way" converters that also reduce oxides of nitrogen (); they ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
VANOS
VANOS is a variable valve timing system used by BMW on various automotive petrol engines since 1992. The name is an abbreviation of the German words for ''variable camshaft timing'' (german: variable Nockenwellensteuerung). The initial version (retrospectively renamed "single VANOS") was solely used on the intake camshaft, while the later "double VANOS" systems are used on intake and exhaust camshafts. Since 2001, VANOS is often used in conjunction with the valvetronic variable valve lift system. Operation VANOS is a variator system that varies the timing of the valves by moving the position of the camshafts in relation to the drive gear. The relative timing between inlet and exhaust valves is changed. At lower engine speeds, the position of the camshaft is moved so the valves are opened later, as this improves idling quality and smooth power development. As the engine speed increases, the valves are opened earlier: this enhances torque, reduces fuel consumption and lowers emi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
BMW Engines
BMW has been producing engines for automobiles, motorcycles and aircraft since 1917, when the company began production of an inline-six aircraft engine. They have been producing automobile engines since 1933. Motorcycle engines Automotive petrol engines BMW is well known for its history of inline-six (straight-six) engines, a layout it continues to use to this day despite most other manufacturers switching to a V6 layout. The more common inline-four and V8 layouts are also produced by BMW, and at times the company has produced inline-three, V10 and V12 engines, BMW also engineered non production customised engines especially for motorsports which includes M12/13, 1.5-Liter straight 4 piston turbocharged engine from 1982-1987 for Brabham, Arrows and Benetton Formula One teams, E41/P83, 3.0-Liter V10 from 2000-2005 for Williams F1 Team and P86/8, 2.4-Liter V8 for their own F1 team parterning Sauber F1 from 2006-2009, with which the company enjoyed its first and bes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
.jpg "Click for more on -> Crankcase")
